(PC) Martinez v. Standon

Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10

11 RICARDO MARTINEZ, ) Case No.: 1:19-cv-00845-SAB (PC) ) 12 Plaintiff, ) ) ORDER DIRECTING CLERK OF COURT TO 13 v. ) RANDOMLY ASSIGN A DISTRICT JUDGE TO THIS ACTION 14 TIMOTHY STANDON, et al., ) ) FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION 15 Defendants. ) RECOMMENDING THE INSTANT ACTION BE ) DISMISSED FOR FAILURE TO STATE A 16 ) COGNIZABLE CLAIM FOR RELIEF ) 17 ) [ECF No. 19]

18 Plaintiff Ricardo Martinez is appearing pro se and in forma pauperis in this civil rights action 19 pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 20 Currently before the Court is Plaintiff’s second amended complaint, filed September 16, 2019. 21 I. 22 SCREENING REQUIREMENT 23 The Court is required to screen complaints brought by prisoners seeking relief against a 24 governmental entity or officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a). The 25 Court must dismiss a complaint or portion thereof if the prisoner has raised claims that are legally 26 “frivolous or malicious,” that “fails to state a claim on which relief may be granted,” or that “seeks 27 monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from such relief.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B). 28 1 A complaint must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled 2 to relief. . . .” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). Detailed factual allegations are not required, but “[t]hreadbare 3 recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere conclusory statements, do not suffice.” 4 Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (citing Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 5 (2007)). Plaintiff must demonstrate that each named defendant personally participated in the 6 deprivation of his rights. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 676-677; Simmons v. Navajo County, Ariz., 609 F.3d 7 1011, 1020-1021 (9th Cir. 2010). 8 Prisoners proceeding pro se in civil rights actions are still entitled to have their pleadings 9 liberally construed and to have any doubt resolved in their favor, but the pleading standard is now 10 higher, Wilhelm v. Rotman, 680 F.3d 1113, 1121 (9th Cir. 2012) (citations omitted), and to survive 11 screening, Plaintiff’s claims must be facially plausible, which requires sufficient factual detail to allow 12 the Court to reasonably infer that each named defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged. Ashcroft 13 v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678-79; Moss v. U.S. Secret Serv., 572 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2009). The “sheer 14 possibility that a defendant has acted unlawfully” is not sufficient, and “facts that are ‘merely 15 consistent with’ a defendant’s liability” falls short of satisfying the plausibility standard. Ashcroft v. 16 Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678; Moss v. U.S. Secret Serv., 572 F.3d at 969. 17 II. 18 COMPLAINT ALLEGATIONS 19 The Court accepts Plaintiff’s allegations in the first amended complaint as true only for the 20 purpose of the sua sponte screening requirement under 28 U.S.C. § 1915. 21 On May 22, 2018, when Plaintiff was on his way to the morning medication pass, officers S. 22 Furlong and D. Dozer approached Plaintiff and conduced a marked “brutal search down.” Plaintiff 23 advised the officers to take it easy on his spinal cord, but they replied that they did not give a “fuck” 24 about Plaintiff’s medical conditions. During the search, Furlong grabbed Plaintiff’s leg arm and 25 applied a lot of pressure on the left side of his neck. 26 On July 14, 2018, at the morning medication pass, as Plaintiff was walking to the yard from the 27 patio, an inmate attacked him from behind, hitting him on the left side of the head, left shoulder, and 28 he was kicked when on the ground. Officer Furlong participated in the incident by giving orders to the 1 hit man. Sergeant Stane participated in the incident by destroying Plaintiff’s eyeglasses by breaking 2 the frames. Plaintiff’s legal property was also taken away. 3 On June 4, 2018, officer D. Dozer called Plaintiff to the medical clinic where Dozer conducted 4 a “roughshod” search worsening Plaintiff’s lesions and tumors. Although Plaintiff complained of 5 being in pain, Dozer raised Plaintiff’s leg and grabbed the left side of his heck and arm. He continued 6 to bend and twist Plaintiff’s right harms. 7 On August 24, 2018, Plaintiff’s primary care physician, Timothy Standon, denied serious 8 medical care. Plaintiff suffers lesions to the head that causes hemorrhage to left ear and irregular 9 flashing headaches. Plaintiff also suffers a major intracerebral flow voids. Plaintiff was denied the 10 recommended evaluation by neurosurgeons at Stanford Medical Center, UCSF, or UCLA. Plaintiff 11 was also denied evaluation by a brain specialist. Plaintiff claims he was denied an MRI of lumbar 12 spine, pain medication and pain management evaluation by the pain committee, diabetes medication, a 13 rescue asthma inhaler, an evaluation for hearing impaired, an operation for a growth of spermatic cord 14 tumor, an operation of a hemorrhoids, incontinence supplies, single cell status, an evaluation for a 15 burning and swollen nose, and prescription eyeglasses. 16 On July 21, 2019, Warden C. Pfeiffer and officer Herrera retaliated against Plaintiff and hired a 17 person motivated solely by the pay. On this date, when Plaintiff attempted to go back to his cell from 18 the morning medication pass, an inmate attacked him from behind and stabbed Plaintiff in the 19 forehead, left, arm, and punched his left shoulder and mouth causing the loss of several teeth. Notice 20 of the incident was provided to C. Pfeiffer. 21 On July 21, 2019, after Plaintiff attempted to go back to his cell after morning medication pass, 22 an inmate attacked him from behind his wheelchair and stabbed Plaintiff in the forehead and left arm. 23 The inmate then punched his left shoulder and mouth cutting both lips and causing him to lose two 24 teeth. 25 /// 26 /// 27 /// 28 /// 1 III. 2 DISCUSSION 3 A. Deliberate Indifference to Serious Medical Need 4 While the Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution entitles Plaintiff to medical 5 care, the Eighth Amendment is violated only when a prison official acts with deliberate indifference to 6 an inmate’s serious medical needs. Snow v. McDaniel, 681 F.3d 978, 985 (9th Cir. 2012), overruled 7 in part on other grounds, Peralta v. Dillard, 744 F.3d 1076, 1082-83 (9th Cir. 2014); Wilhelm v. 8 Rotman, 680 F.3d 1113, 1122 (9th Cir. 2012); Jett v. Penner, 439 F.3d 1091, 1096 (9th Cir. 2006). 9 Plaintiff “must show (1) a serious medical need by demonstrating that failure to treat [his] condition 10 could result in further significant injury or the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain,” and (2) that 11 “the defendant’s response to the need was deliberately indifferent.” Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1122 (citing 12 Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096). Deliberate indifference is shown by “(a) a purposeful act or failure to respond 13 to a prisoner’s pain or possible medical need, and (b) harm caused by the indifference.” Wilhelm, 680 14 F.3d at 1122 (citing Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096). The requisite state of mind is one of subjective 15 recklessness, which entails more than ordinary lack of due care. Snow, 681 F.3d at 985 (citation and 16 quotation marks omitted); Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1122. 17 “A difference of opinion between a physician and the prisoner - or between medical 18 professionals - concerning what medical care is appropriate does not amount to deliberate 19 indifference.” Snow, 681 F.3d at 987 (citing Sanchez v. Vild, 891 F.2d 240, 242 (9th Cir. 1989); 20 Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1122-23 (citing Jackson v. McIntosh, 90 F.3d 330, 332 (9th Cir. 1986)). Rather, 21 Plaintiff “must show that the course of treatment the doctors chose was medically unacceptable under 22 the circumstances and that the defendants chose this course in conscious disregard of an excessive risk 23 to [his] health.” Snow, 681 F.3d at 988 (citing Jackson, 90 F.3d at 332) (internal quotation marks 24 omitted). In addition, mere ‘indifference,’ ‘negligence,’ or ‘medical malpractice’ will not support this 25 cause of action.” Broughton v. Cutter Laboratories, 622 F.2d 458, 460 (9th Cir. 1980) (citing Estelle 26 v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 105-06 (1976)). “Medical malpractice does not become a constitutional 27 violation merely because the victim is a prisoner.” Estelle, 429 U.S. at 106; Snow, 681 F.3d at 987- 28 88; Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1122 (“The deliberate indifference doctrine is limited in scope.”). 1 Like the prior two complaints, Plaintiff’s second amended complaint lacks sufficient factual 2 allegations as to each named Defendant to support a plausible claim for relief. Rather, Plaintiff’s 3 second amended complaint contains generalized and conclusory allegations and lacks specific factual 4 allegations about what happened, who was involved, how they were involved, when it occurred, and 5 where it occurred. For example, Plaintiff merely contends that on August 24, 2018, at approximately 6 10:15 a.m., Dr. Timothy Standon “denied of s[e]rious medical care” upon neurosurgeons’ 7 recommendations. (Sec. Am. Compl, ECF No. 19 at 5.) However, Plaintiff has not alleged sufficient 8 factual allegations from which the Court may infer any Dr. Standon acted either intentionally or with 9 deliberate indifference to his medical needs. Plaintiff fails to set forth facts that Dr. Standon was 10 aware of any recommendations, whether he or she was responsible for approving such 11 recommendations, and the effect of the recommendation’s denial against this Defendant. 12 In addition, Plaintiff sets forth several medical treatments and medication for which he claims 13 he was denied, but Plaintiff fails to present facts to demonstrate what happened, who was involved, 14 how they were involved, and where it occurred. Without sufficient factual allegations, the Court 15 simply cannot determine whether Plaintiff states a plausible claim for relief. With respect to a claim 16 that different medical treatment should have been provided, Plaintiff “must show that the course of 17 treatment the doctors chose was medically unacceptable under the circumstances.” Jackson v. 18 McIntosh, 90 F.3d at 332. Plaintiff has failed to do so. Accordingly, Plaintiff fails to state a 19 cognizable claim for relief. 20 B. Deliberate Indifference to Safety 21 The Eighth Amendment protects prisoners from inhumane methods of punishment and from 22 inhumane conditions of confinement. Morgan v. Morgensen, 465 F.3d 1041, 1045 (9th Cir. 2006). 23 Although prison conditions may be restrictive and harsh, prison officials must provide prisoners with 24 food, clothing, shelter, sanitation, medical care, and personal safety. Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 25 825, 832-33, (1994) (quotations omitted). Prison officials have a duty under the Eighth Amendment to 26 protect prisoners from violence at the hands of other prisoners because being violently assaulted in 27 prison is simply not part of the penalty that criminal offenders pay for their offenses against society. 28 Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. at 833-34 (quotation marks omitted); Clem v. Lomeli, 566 F.3d 1177, 1 1181 (9th Cir. 2009); Hearns v. Terhune, 413 F.3d 1036, 1040 (9th Cir. 2005). However, prison 2 officials are liable under the Eighth Amendment only if they demonstrate deliberate indifference to 3 conditions posing a substantial risk of serious harm to an inmate; and it is well settled that deliberate 4 indifference occurs when an official acted or failed to act despite his knowledge of a substantial risk of 5 serious harm. Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. at 834, 841; Clem v. Lomeli, 566 F.3d at 1181; Hearns v. 6 Terhune, 413 F.3d at 1040. 7 Plaintiff makes vague reference to the claim that Defendants Stane, Dozer, Furlong, and 8 Herrera retaliated against Plaintiff and ordered and/or hired an inmate to assault Plaintiff. However, 9 Plaintiff fails to provide specific factual detail to support a finding that Defendants Stane, Dozer, 10 Furlong, and Herrera acted with deliberate indifference to a substantial risk of serious harm to 11 Plaintiff. That is, Plaintiff fails to set forth what Defendants Stane, Dozer, Furlong, and Herrera did to 12 instigate an assault by another inmate. See Pena v. Gardner, 976 F.2d 469, 471 (9th Cir. 1992) (vague 13 and conclusory allegations of official participation in civil rights violations are not sufficient to state a 14 claim under section 1983); Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 680-84 (conclusory allegations in complaint 15 which amount to nothing more than a “formulaic recitation of the elements” are insufficient under 16 pleading standard in Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 (citations omitted). Accordingly, Plaintiff fails to state a 17 cognizable claim for deliberate indifference to his safety. 18 C. Excessive Force 19 To the extent Plaintiff contends that Defendants S. Furlong and D. Dozer used excessive force 20 while conducting a pat-down search, Plaintiff’s allegations fail to give rise to a cognizable claim for 21 relief. 22 The Eighth Amendment protects prisoners from inhumane methods of punishment and from 23 inhumane conditions of confinement. Morgan v. Morgensen, 465 F.3d 1041, 1045 (9th Cir. 2006). The 24 unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain violates the Cruel and Unusual Punishments Clause of the 25 Eighth Amendment. Hudson v McMillian, 503 U.S. 1, 5 (1992) (citations omitted). Although prison 26 conditions may be restrictive and harsh, prison officials must provide prisoners with food, clothing, 27 shelter, sanitation, medical care, and personal safety. Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 832–33 (1994) 28 (quotations omitted). 1 For claims of excessive physical force, the issue is “whether force was applied in a good-faith 2 effort to maintain or restore discipline, or maliciously and sadistically to cause harm.” Hudson, 503 3 U.S. at 7. Relevant factors for this consideration include “the extent of injury... [,] the need for 4 application of force, the relationship between that need and the amount of force used, the threat 5 ‘reasonably perceived by the responsible officials,’ and ‘any efforts made to temper the severity of a 6 forceful response.’” Id. (quoting Whitley v. Albers, 475 U.S. 1078, 1085 (1986)). The objective 7 component of an Eighth Amendment claim is contextual and responsive to contemporary standards of 8 decency, Hudson, 503 U.S. at 8 (quotation marks and citation omitted), and although de minimis uses 9 of force do not violate the Constitution, the malicious and sadistic use of force to cause harm always 10 violates contemporary standards of decency, regardless of whether or not significant injury is evident, 11 Wilkins, 559 U.S. at 37-8 (citing Hudson, 503 U.S. at 9-10) (quotation marks omitted); Oliver v. 12 Keller, 289 F.3d 623, 628 (9th Cir. 2002). 13 Plaintiff fails to set forth all of the factual circumstances surrounding the alleged use of 14 excessive force. Although Plaintiff contends that Defendants stated they did not give a “fuck” about 15 his medical condition, Plaintiff’s allegations fail to demonstrate that Defendants used force 16 maliciously and sadistically to cause Plaintiff harm, rather than in a good-faith effort to conduct a 17 search of Plaintiff. Indeed, Plaintiff does not provide what if any reasons were given by Defendants 18 for their actions, whether Defendants engaged in other conduct prior to the alleged use of excessive 19 force, how much force was specifically used, or why Plaintiff believes the amount of force was 20 excessive in light of the alleged search. The facts as alleged fail to give rise to a plausible inference 21 that the actions of Defendants were malicious and sadistic for the purpose of causing harm to Plaintiff. 22 Accordingly, Plaintiff fails to state a cognizable excessive force claim. 23 D. Supervisory Liability 24 To the extent Plaintiff attempts to hold C. Pfeiffer liable simply because he is the Warden of 25 Kern Valley State Prison, he cannot do so. As Plaintiff was previously advised under section 1983, 26 Plaintiff must prove that the defendants holding supervisory positions personally participated in the 27 deprivation of his rights. Jones v. Williams, 297 F.3d 930, 934 (9th Cir. 2002). There is no 28 respondeat superior liability, and each defendant is only liable for his or her own misconduct. Iqbal, at 1 1948-49. A supervisor may be held liable for the constitutional violations of his or her subordinates 2 only if he or she “participated in or directed the violations, or knew of the violations and failed to act 3 to prevent them.” Taylor v. List, 880 F.2d 1040, 1045 (9th Cir. 1989); Corales v. Bennett, 567 F.3d 4 554, 570 (9th Cir. 2009); Preschooler II v. Clark County School Board of Trustees, 479 F.3d 1175, 5 1182 (9th Cir. 2007); Harris v. Roderick, 126 F.3d 1189, 1204 (9th Cir. 1997). 6 Plaintiff’s complaint is devoid of specific allegations supporting the existence of a supervisory 7 liability claim against Warden C. Pfeiffer. Accordingly, Plaintiff fails to state a cognizable claim 8 against Defendant Warden C. Pfeiffer. 9 E. Retaliation 10 “Prisoners have a First Amendment right to file grievances against prison officials and to be free 11 from retaliation for doing so.” Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 1108, 1114 (9th Cir. 2012) (citing Brodheim 12 v. Cry, 584 F.3d 1262, 1269 (9th Cir. 2009)). “Within the prison context, a viable claim of First 13 Amendment retaliation entails five basic elements: (1) An assertion that a state actor took some adverse 14 action against an inmate (2) because of (3) that prisoner’s protected conduct, and that such action (4) 15 chilled the inmate’s exercise of his First Amendment rights, and (5) the action did not reasonably 16 advance a legitimate correctional goal.” Rhodes v. Robinson, 408 F.3d 559, 567-68 (9th Cir. 2005). To 17 state a cognizable retaliation claim, Plaintiff must establish a nexus between the retaliatory act and the 18 protected activity. Grenning v. Klemme, 34 F.Supp.3d 1144, 1153 (E.D. Wash. 2014). Mere verbal 19 harassment or abuse does not violate the Constitution and, thus, does not give rise to a claim for relief 20 under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Oltarzewski v. Ruggiero, 830 F.2d 136, 139 (9th Cir. 1987). In addition, 21 threats do not rise to the level of a constitutional violation. Gaut v. Sunn, 810 F.2d 923, 925 (9th Cir. 22 1987). 23 Although Plaintiff contends Defendants Stane. Dozer, Furlong, and Herrera retaliated against 24 him, he fails to set forth any factual allegations to support a claim of retaliation because of protected 25 conduct. 26 /// 27 /// 28 /// 1 F. Confiscation of Legal Materials and Destruction of Eyeglasses 2 Plaintiff also contends that Sergeant Stane took “away” his legal property and destroyed his 3 eyeglasses. 4 The Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution 5 protects Plaintiff from being deprived of property without due process of law, Wolff v. McDonnell, 6 418 U.S. 539, 556 (1974), and Plaintiff has a protected interest in his personal property, Hansen v. 7 May, 502 F.2d 728, 730 (9th Cir. 1974). Authorized, intentional deprivations of property are 8 actionable under the Due Process Clause, see Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517, 532, n.13 (1984); 9 Quick v. Jones, 754 F.2d 1521, 1524 (9th Cir. 1985), but the Due Process Clause is violated only when 10 the agency “prescribes and enforces forfeitures of property without underlying statutory authority and 11 competent procedural protections,” Nevada Dept. of Corrections v. Greene, 648 F.3d 1014, 1019 (9th 12 Cir. 2011) (citing Vance v. Barrett, 345 F.3d 1083, 1090 (9th Cir. 2003)) (internal quotations omitted). 13 The Due Process Clause is not violated by the random, unauthorized deprivation of property so 14 long as the state provides an adequate post-deprivation remedy. Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517, 533 15 (1984); Barnett v. Centoni, 31 F.3d 813, 816-17 (9th Cir. 1994). 16 Plaintiff’s claims that Sergeant Stane took “away” his legal property and destroyed his 17 eyeglasses are based on an unauthorized deprivation, which is not actionable under the Fourteenth 18 Amendment. Because Plaintiff’s claim reflects a random and unauthorized deprivation of property, it 19 is not cognizable under section 1983. Plaintiff’s property claim may be actionable under state law, but 20 such a claim must be brought in state court rather than in federal court. Indeed, Plaintiff has an 21 adequate post-deprivation remedy under California law and therefore, he may not pursue a due process 22 claim arising out of the unlawful confiscation and/or destruction of his personal property. Barnett, 31 23 F.3d at 816-17 (citing Cal. Gov’t Code §§ 810-895). Accordingly, Plaintiff fails to state a cognizable 24 due process claim. 25 G. Improper Processing of Inmate Appeals 26 To the extent Plaintiff is seeking to hold Defendants liable simply because they denied his 27 inmate appeals, Plaintiff fails to state a cognizable claim. “The Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process 28 Clause protects persons against deprivations of life, liberty, or property; and those who seek to invoke 1 its procedural protection must establish that one of these interests is at stake.” Wilkinson v. Austin, 545 2 U.S. 209, 221 (2005). Plaintiff does not a have protected liberty interest in the processing his appeals, 3 and therefore, he cannot pursue a claim for denial of due process with respect to the handling or 4 resolution of his appeals. Ramirez v. Galaza, 334 F.3d 850, 860 (9th Cir. 2003) (citing Mann v. Adams, 5 855 F.2d 639, 640 (9th Cir. 1988)). Accordingly, Plaintiff cannot state a cognizable claim based on the 6 handling of his inmate appeals. 7 H. Duplicative Claims and Defendants 8 Court records indicate that Plaintiff previously filed and has another pending action in this 9 Court in Martinez v. Lewis et al., Case No. 1:19-cv-00812-SAB (PC) (E.D. Cal. filed on April 5, 10 2019). After several amendments of the complaint in both cases, it is now clear that both cases 11 involve some of the same allegations, and Plaintiff cannot proceed in this Court in two separate 12 actions on the same claims. Plaintiff cannot bring duplicative suits against the same defendant 13 alleging the same claims for relief. Duplicative lawsuits filed by a plaintiff proceeding in forma 14 pauperis are subject to dismissal to dismissal as either frivolous or malicious under 28 U.S.C. § 15 1915(e). “Plaintiff’s generally have ‘no right to maintain two separate actions involving the same 16 subject matter at the same time in the same court and against the same defendant.’” Adams v. 17 California Dep’t of Health Servs., 487 F.3d 684, 688 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Walton v. Eaton Corp., 18 563 F.2d 66, 70 (3d Cir. 1977) (overruled on other grounds by Taylor v. Sturgell, 553 U.S. 880, 994 19 (2008)). From a review of the operative complaints in this both actions, all but the medical claim 20 against Defendant Dr. Standon are duplicative in nature. (Compare ECF No. 19 with ECF No. 17 in 21 1:19-cv-00812-SAB (PC).)1 Therefore, the duplicative claims in this later filed action should be 22 dismissed as duplicative. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(i); see also Adams, 487 F.3d at 692-93 23 (dismissal of a duplicative lawsuit ‘promotes judicial economy and the comprehensive disposition of 24 litigation” finding that a plaintiff is required to bring all claims that relate to the same transaction or 25 event at one time); see also Cato v. United States, 70 F.3d 1103, 1105 n.2 (9th Cir. 1995) (holding that 26

27 1 On August 17, 2019, the Court screened Plaintiff’s second amended complaint, found no cognizable claims were stated, and granted Plaintiff one final opportunity to amend the complaint within thirty days. (See 1:19-cv-00812-SAB (PC), ECF 28 1 a complaint that “merely repeats pending or previously litigated claims” may be dismissed as frivolous 2 under the authority of then-numbered 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d)). 3 IV. 4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5 Plaintiff’s second amended complaint fails to state a cognizable claim for relief. Plaintiff was 6 previously notified of the applicable legal standards and the deficiencies in his pleading, and despite 7 guidance from the Court, Plaintiff’s second amended complaint fails to state a cognizable claim for 8 relief and now includes allegations that are duplicative of a previous action pending in this Court. 9 Based upon the allegations in Plaintiff’s original, first and second amended complaints, the Court is 10 persuaded that Plaintiff is unable to allege any additional facts that would support a claim for a due 11 process violation or access to the court, and further amendment would be futile. See Hartmann v. 12 CDCR, 707 F.3d 1114, 1130 (9th Cir. 2013) (“A district court may deny leave to amend when 13 amendment would be futile.”) Based on the nature of the deficiencies at issue, the Court finds that 14 further leave to amend is not warranted. Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1130 (9th. Cir. 2000); Noll v. 15 Carlson, 809 F.2d 1446-1449 (9th Cir. 1987). 16 Accordingly, the Clerk of the Court is HEREBY DIRECTED to randomly assign a District 17 Judge to this action. 18 Further, for the reasons explained above, it is HEREBY RECOMMENDED that: 19 1. Plaintiff medical deliberate indifference claim be dismissed for failure to state a 20 cognizable claim for relief; and 21 2. All other claims be dismissed for failure to state a cognizable claim for relief and as 22 duplicative. 23 This Findings and Recommendation will be submitted to the United States District Judge 24 assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l). Within twenty-one (21) 25 days after being served with this Findings and Recommendation, Plaintiff may file written objections 26 with the Court. The document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge’s Findings and 27 Recommendation.” Plaintiff is advised that failure to file objections within the specified time may 28 1 || result in the waiver of rights on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 838-39 (9th Cir. 2014) 2 || (citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)). 3 4 IS SO ORDERED. ot fe 5 |! Dated: _ September 23, 2019 OF 6 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 12