1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 JOSEPH L. ENNIS, Case No.: 1:23-cv-001330-BAM (PC) 12 Plaintiff, ORDER DIRECTING CLERK OF COURT TO RANDOMLY ASSIGN DISTRICT JUDGE TO 13 v. ACTION 14 MARTINEZ, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO DISMISS ACTION FOR FAILURE TO 15 Defendant. STATE A CLAIM 16 (ECF No. 12) 17 FOURTEEN (14) DAY DEADLINE
18 Plaintiff Joseph L. Ennis (“Plaintiff”) is a state prisoner proceeding pro se and in forma 19 pauperis in this civil rights action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff’s complaint was screened, 20 and Plaintiff was granted leave to amend. Plaintiff’s first amended complaint is currently before 21 this Court for screening. (ECF No. 12.) 22 I. Screening Requirement and Standard 23 The Court is required to screen complaints brought by prisoners seeking relief against a 24 governmental entity and/or against an officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C. 25 § 1915A(a). Plaintiff’s complaint, or any portion thereof, is subject to dismissal if it is frivolous 26 or malicious, if it fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, or if it seeks monetary 27 relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915A(b). 28 1 A complaint must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the 2 pleader is entitled to relief . . . .” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). Detailed factual allegations are not 3 required, but “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere 4 conclusory statements, do not suffice.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (citing Bell 5 Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007)). While a plaintiff’s allegations are taken as 6 true, courts “are not required to indulge unwarranted inferences.” Doe I v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 7 572 F.3d 677, 681 (9th Cir. 2009) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 8 To survive screening, Plaintiff’s claims must be facially plausible, which requires 9 sufficient factual detail to allow the Court to reasonably infer that each named defendant is liable 10 for the misconduct alleged. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quotation marks omitted); Moss v. U.S. Secret 11 Serv., 572 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2009). The sheer possibility that a defendant acted unlawfully 12 is not sufficient, and mere consistency with liability falls short of satisfying the plausibility 13 standard. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quotation marks omitted); Moss, 572 F.3d at 969. 14 II. Plaintiff’s Allegations 15 Plaintiff is currently housed at California Substance Abuse and Treatment Facility where 16 the events in the complaint are alleged to have occurred. Plaintiff names Rose Martinez, LVN 17 nurse, as the sole defendant. Plaintiff alleges a violation of his right to medical care. He alleges 18 as follows:
19 The Plaintiff’s right to medical care was violated by Defendant Rose 20 Martinez for intentionally denying access to treatment. Plaintiff was denied medical care for a serious medical need and the defendant lied to the Plaintiff 21 about being placed on a list so that Plaintiff could receive medical care from the doctor. On June 28, 2022, the Plaintiff submitted a CDCR 7362 form “sick call 22 slip” regarding “blood in his urine and sperm.” On or about June 29, 2022, Plaintiff was called to visit R. Martinez in regards to the submitted “sick call slip.” 23 After an altercation but during the visit Martinez stated to the Plaintiff that “he was 24 placed on the list to see the doctor.” Because it was taking such a long time to be called for the doctor, the Plaintiff requested a medical staff member to check to see 25 if he had an upcoming appointment? Medical staff informed the Plaintiff he did not have an upcoming appointment nor was he placed on any list to see a doctor. 26 Plaintiff then utilized the grievance process in which it was found to be true that Martinez did lie to Plaintiff about being placed on the list to see the doctor and 27 refused to place plaintiff on the list to see the doctor. Plaintiff suffered until 28 finally he was called to see a doctor [due] to the submitted grievance. (emphasis in 1 original) (unedited text.)
2 As remedies, Plaintiff seeks declaratory relief, compensatory, punitive and nominal damages. 3 III. Discussion 4 A. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8 5 Pursuant to Rule 8, a complaint must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim 6 showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a). Detailed factual allegations 7 are not required, but “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere 8 conclusory statements, do not suffice.” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (citation omitted). Plaintiff must 9 set forth “sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on 10 its face.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555). While factual allegations 11 are accepted as true, legal conclusions are not. Id.; see also Twombly, 550 U.S. at 556–57; Moss, 12 572 F.3d at 969. 13 Here, Plaintiff’s complaint is short, but is not a clear statement. Plaintiff claim is founded 14 on being lied to about being placed on a list to see the doctor. He does not allege his physical 15 condition worsened or other harm from not being placed on the list. Plaintiff’s conclusory 16 allegations of harm are not sufficient. Plaintiff has been unable to cure this deficiency. 17 B. Eighth Amendment – Medical Care 18 A prisoner’s claim of inadequate medical care constitutes cruel and unusual punishment in 19 violation of the Eighth Amendment where the mistreatment rises to the level of “deliberate 20 indifference to serious medical needs.” Jett v. Penner, 439 F.3d 1091, 1096 (9th Cir. 2006) 21 (quoting Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104 (1976)). The two-part test for deliberate 22 indifference requires Plaintiff to show (1) “a ‘serious medical need’ by demonstrating that failure 23 to treat a prisoner’s condition could result in further significant injury or the ‘unnecessary and 24 wanton infliction of pain,’” and (2) “the defendant’s response to the need was deliberately 25 indifferent.” Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096. 26 A defendant does not act in a deliberately indifferent manner unless the defendant “knows 27 of and disregards an excessive risk to inmate health or safety.” Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 28 1 837 (1994). “Deliberate indifference is a high legal standard,” Simmons v. Navajo Cty. Ariz., 609 2 F.3d 1011, 1019 (9th Cir. 2010); Toguchi v. Chung, 391 F.3d 1051, 1060 (9th Cir.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 JOSEPH L. ENNIS, Case No.: 1:23-cv-001330-BAM (PC) 12 Plaintiff, ORDER DIRECTING CLERK OF COURT TO RANDOMLY ASSIGN DISTRICT JUDGE TO 13 v. ACTION 14 MARTINEZ, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO DISMISS ACTION FOR FAILURE TO 15 Defendant. STATE A CLAIM 16 (ECF No. 12) 17 FOURTEEN (14) DAY DEADLINE
18 Plaintiff Joseph L. Ennis (“Plaintiff”) is a state prisoner proceeding pro se and in forma 19 pauperis in this civil rights action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff’s complaint was screened, 20 and Plaintiff was granted leave to amend. Plaintiff’s first amended complaint is currently before 21 this Court for screening. (ECF No. 12.) 22 I. Screening Requirement and Standard 23 The Court is required to screen complaints brought by prisoners seeking relief against a 24 governmental entity and/or against an officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C. 25 § 1915A(a). Plaintiff’s complaint, or any portion thereof, is subject to dismissal if it is frivolous 26 or malicious, if it fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, or if it seeks monetary 27 relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915A(b). 28 1 A complaint must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the 2 pleader is entitled to relief . . . .” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). Detailed factual allegations are not 3 required, but “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere 4 conclusory statements, do not suffice.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (citing Bell 5 Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007)). While a plaintiff’s allegations are taken as 6 true, courts “are not required to indulge unwarranted inferences.” Doe I v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 7 572 F.3d 677, 681 (9th Cir. 2009) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 8 To survive screening, Plaintiff’s claims must be facially plausible, which requires 9 sufficient factual detail to allow the Court to reasonably infer that each named defendant is liable 10 for the misconduct alleged. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quotation marks omitted); Moss v. U.S. Secret 11 Serv., 572 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2009). The sheer possibility that a defendant acted unlawfully 12 is not sufficient, and mere consistency with liability falls short of satisfying the plausibility 13 standard. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quotation marks omitted); Moss, 572 F.3d at 969. 14 II. Plaintiff’s Allegations 15 Plaintiff is currently housed at California Substance Abuse and Treatment Facility where 16 the events in the complaint are alleged to have occurred. Plaintiff names Rose Martinez, LVN 17 nurse, as the sole defendant. Plaintiff alleges a violation of his right to medical care. He alleges 18 as follows:
19 The Plaintiff’s right to medical care was violated by Defendant Rose 20 Martinez for intentionally denying access to treatment. Plaintiff was denied medical care for a serious medical need and the defendant lied to the Plaintiff 21 about being placed on a list so that Plaintiff could receive medical care from the doctor. On June 28, 2022, the Plaintiff submitted a CDCR 7362 form “sick call 22 slip” regarding “blood in his urine and sperm.” On or about June 29, 2022, Plaintiff was called to visit R. Martinez in regards to the submitted “sick call slip.” 23 After an altercation but during the visit Martinez stated to the Plaintiff that “he was 24 placed on the list to see the doctor.” Because it was taking such a long time to be called for the doctor, the Plaintiff requested a medical staff member to check to see 25 if he had an upcoming appointment? Medical staff informed the Plaintiff he did not have an upcoming appointment nor was he placed on any list to see a doctor. 26 Plaintiff then utilized the grievance process in which it was found to be true that Martinez did lie to Plaintiff about being placed on the list to see the doctor and 27 refused to place plaintiff on the list to see the doctor. Plaintiff suffered until 28 finally he was called to see a doctor [due] to the submitted grievance. (emphasis in 1 original) (unedited text.)
2 As remedies, Plaintiff seeks declaratory relief, compensatory, punitive and nominal damages. 3 III. Discussion 4 A. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8 5 Pursuant to Rule 8, a complaint must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim 6 showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a). Detailed factual allegations 7 are not required, but “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere 8 conclusory statements, do not suffice.” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (citation omitted). Plaintiff must 9 set forth “sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on 10 its face.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555). While factual allegations 11 are accepted as true, legal conclusions are not. Id.; see also Twombly, 550 U.S. at 556–57; Moss, 12 572 F.3d at 969. 13 Here, Plaintiff’s complaint is short, but is not a clear statement. Plaintiff claim is founded 14 on being lied to about being placed on a list to see the doctor. He does not allege his physical 15 condition worsened or other harm from not being placed on the list. Plaintiff’s conclusory 16 allegations of harm are not sufficient. Plaintiff has been unable to cure this deficiency. 17 B. Eighth Amendment – Medical Care 18 A prisoner’s claim of inadequate medical care constitutes cruel and unusual punishment in 19 violation of the Eighth Amendment where the mistreatment rises to the level of “deliberate 20 indifference to serious medical needs.” Jett v. Penner, 439 F.3d 1091, 1096 (9th Cir. 2006) 21 (quoting Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104 (1976)). The two-part test for deliberate 22 indifference requires Plaintiff to show (1) “a ‘serious medical need’ by demonstrating that failure 23 to treat a prisoner’s condition could result in further significant injury or the ‘unnecessary and 24 wanton infliction of pain,’” and (2) “the defendant’s response to the need was deliberately 25 indifferent.” Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096. 26 A defendant does not act in a deliberately indifferent manner unless the defendant “knows 27 of and disregards an excessive risk to inmate health or safety.” Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 28 1 837 (1994). “Deliberate indifference is a high legal standard,” Simmons v. Navajo Cty. Ariz., 609 2 F.3d 1011, 1019 (9th Cir. 2010); Toguchi v. Chung, 391 F.3d 1051, 1060 (9th Cir. 2004), and is 3 shown where there was “a purposeful act or failure to respond to a prisoner’s pain or possible 4 medical need” and the indifference caused harm. Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096. In applying this 5 standard, the Ninth Circuit has held that before it can be said that a prisoner’s civil rights have 6 been abridged, “the indifference to his medical needs must be substantial. Mere ‘indifference,’ 7 ‘negligence,’ or ‘medical malpractice’ will not support this cause of action.” Broughton v. Cutter 8 Labs., 622 F.2d 458, 460 (9th Cir. 1980) (citing Estelle, 429 U.S. at 105–06). Even gross 9 negligence is insufficient to establish deliberate indifference to serious medical needs. See Wood 10 v. Housewright, 900 F.2d 1332, 1334 (9th Cir. 1990). 11 Further, a “difference of opinion between a physician and the prisoner—or between 12 medical professionals—concerning what medical care is appropriate does not amount to 13 deliberate indifference.” Snow v. McDaniel, 681 F.3d 978, 987 (9th Cir. 2012) (citing Sanchez v. 14 Vild, 891 F.2d at 242, overruled in part on other grounds, Peralta v. Dillard, 744 F.3d 1076, 15 1082–83 (9th Cir. 2014); Wilhelm v. Rotman, 680 F.3d 1113, 1122–23 (9th Cir. 2012)) (citing 16 Jackson v. McIntosh, 90 F.3d 330, 332 (9th Cir. 1986)). Rather, Plaintiff “must show that the 17 course of treatment the doctors chose was medically unacceptable under the circumstances and 18 that the defendants chose this course in conscious disregard of an excessive risk to [his] health.” 19 Snow, 681 F.3d at 988 (citing Jackson, 90 F.3d at 332) (internal quotation marks omitted). 20 At the pleading stage, Plaintiff has alleged facts that he was in serious medical need. 21 However, Plaintiff has not alleged facts that Defendant Martinez’s response to that need was 22 deliberately indifferent. Plaintiff appears to be complaining about being lied to about being put 23 on the list for the doctor. Plaintiff does not have a constitutional right to be placed on a list to see 24 a doctor. As to the need for the doctor, the allegations show merely a difference of opinion 25 between Plaintiff and Martinez of whether Plaintiff needed to be on a list. At most, Plaintiff 26 alleges Martinez acted negligently by not placing him on the list. 27 While not clear from the allegations, to the extent Plaintiff is complaining about the delay 28 in seeing a doctor, Plaintiff fails to state a claim. Indeed, Plaintiff does not allege he was injured 1 by the delay. Jett, 439 F.3d at 1098 (delays must result in substantial harm to constitute 2 deliberate indifference). While Plaintiff states he “suffered,” Plaintiff’s conclusory allegation of 3 harm is insufficient. His allegations are unclear as to the harm; if he suffered merely due to the 4 uncertainty or was physical harm involved. Plaintiff has been unable to cure this deficiency. 5 IV. Conclusion and Recommendation 6 For the reasons discussed, the Court finds that Plaintiff’s first amended complaint fails to 7 comply with Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8 and fails to state a cognizable claim for relief. 8 Despite being provided with the relevant legal standards, Plaintiff has been unable to cure the 9 deficiencies in his complaint. Further leave to amend is not warranted. Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 10 1122, 1130 (9th Cir. 2000). 11 Accordingly, the Court HEREBY ORDERS the Clerk of the Court to randomly assign a 12 District Judge to this action. 13 Furthermore, IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that this action be dismissed for failure 14 to comply with Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 8 and for failure to state a cognizable claim upon 15 which relief may be granted. 16 These Findings and Recommendation will be submitted to the United States District Judge 17 assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of Title 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l). Within fourteen 18 (14) days after being served with these Findings and Recommendation, Plaintiff may file written 19 objections with the Court. The document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge’s 20 Findings and Recommendation.” Plaintiff is advised that failure to file objections within the 21 specified time may result in the waiver of the “right to challenge the magistrate’s factual 22 findings” on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 839 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. 23 Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)). 24 IT IS SO ORDERED. 25
26 Dated: December 5, 2023 /s/ Barbara A. McAuliffe _ UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 27