1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 DANIEL BOLAND, Case No.: 1:23-cv-01019-SKO (PC) 12 Plaintiff, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO DISMISS ACTION WITHOUT PREJUDICE 13 v. FOR PLAINTIFF’S FAILURE TO OBEY COURT ORDERS AND FAILURE TO 14 SECOND WATCH OFFICER, et al., PROSECUTE
15 Defendants. 14-DAY OBJECTION PERIOD
16 Clerk of the Court to Assign District Judge
17 18 Plaintiff Daniel Boland is proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis in this civil rights 19 action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 20 I. RELEVANT BACKGROUND 21 Plaintiff filed his complaint on July 7, 2023. (Doc. 1.) On October 27, 2023, the Court 22 issued its First Screening Order. (Doc. 11.) The Court found Plaintiff’s complaint fails to state a 23 claim upon which relief can be granted. (Id. at 3-7.) Plaintiff was granted leave to file an amended 24 complaint, or, alternatively, a notice of voluntary dismissal, within 21 days of the date of service 25 of the order. (Id. at 7-8.) 26 A docket entry of November 9, 2023, reflects the Court’s screening order was returned by 27 the United States Postal Service marked “Undeliverable, Out to Court, Paroled.” 1 II. DISCUSSION 2 Plaintiff is required to keep the Court apprised of his current address at all times. Local 3 Rule 183(b) provides:
4 Address Changes. A party appearing in propria persona shall keep the Court and 5 opposing parties advised as to his or her current address. If mail directed to a plaintiff in propria persona by the Clerk is returned by the U.S. Postal Service, and 6 if such plaintiff fails to notify the Court and opposing parties within sixty-three (63) days thereafter of a current address, the Court may dismiss the action without 7 prejudice for failure to prosecute. 8 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b) also provides for dismissal of an action for failure to 9 prosecute.1 10 Pursuant to Local Rule 183(b), Plaintiff’s address change was due no later than January 11 11, 2024. It has been 63 days since the last mail directed to Plaintiff was returned to the Court 12 marked as undeliverable. Plaintiff has failed to file a change of address and has not otherwise 13 been in contact with the Court. Additionally, a search of the California Department of Corrections 14 and Rehabilitation Inmate Locator search tool reveals Plaintiff is no longer incarcerated at Avenal 15 State Prison. (https://apps.cdcr.ca.gov/ciris/results?lastName=boland&firstName=daniel, as of 16 1/11/2024.) Therefore, Plaintiff has failed to comply with this Court’s Local Rules and has failed 17 to prosecute this action. 18 “In determining whether to dismiss an action for lack of prosecution, the district court is 19 required to weigh several factors: (1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; 20 (2) the court’s need to manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public 21 policy favoring disposition of cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic 22 sanctions.” Carey v. King, 856 F.2d 1439, 1440 (9th Cir. 1988) (internal quotation marks & 23 citation omitted); accord Omstead v. Dell, Inc., 594 F.3d 1081, 1084 (9th Cir. 2010); In re 24 Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Products Liability Litigation, 460 F.3d 1217, 1226 (9th Cir. 2006). 25 These factors guide a court in deciding what to do and are not conditions that must be met in 26 order for a court to act. In re PPA, 460 F.3d at 1226 (citation omitted). 27
1 Courts may dismiss actions sua sponte under Rule 41(b) based on the plaintiff’s failure to prosecute. 1 Plaintiff’s failure to file a notice of change of address after November 9, 2023, weighs in 2 favor of dismissal. Given the Court’s inability to communicate with Plaintiff, there are no other 3 reasonable alternatives available to address Plaintiff’s failure to prosecute this action and his 4 failure to apprise the Court of his current address. Thus, the first and second factors — the 5 expeditious resolution of litigation and the Court’s need to manage its docket —weigh in favor of 6 dismissal. Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41; Henderson v. Duncan, 779 F.2d 1421, 1423 (9th Cir. 7 1986); In re PPA, 460 F.3d at 1227. 8 The third factor, risk of prejudice to defendant, also weighs fairly in favor of dismissal 9 since a presumption of injury arises from the occurrence of unreasonable delay in prosecuting an 10 action. See Anderson v. Air W., 542 F.2d 522, 524 (9th Cir. 1976). Here, while no defendant has 11 appeared in this action, the case has been pending for more than six months and screening of 12 Plaintiff’s complaint occurred nearly three months ago. Thus, the third factor also weighs in favor 13 of dismissal. Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41. 14 The fourth factor usually weighs against dismissal because public policy favors 15 disposition on the merits. Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 639, 643 (9th Cir. 2002). However, 16 “this factor lends little support to a party whose responsibility it is to move a case toward 17 disposition on the merits but whose conduct impedes progress in that direction.” Plaintiff has not 18 moved this case forward toward disposition on the merits. He has instead stopped communicating 19 with the Court altogether. In re PPA, 460 F.3d at 1228. Therefore, the fourth factor also weighs in 20 favor of dismissal. Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41. 21 Finally, the Court’s warning to a party that failure to obey the court’s order will result in 22 dismissal satisfies the “considerations of the alternatives” requirement. Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 23 F.2d 1258, 1262 (9th Cir. 1992); Malone, 833 F.2d 128, 132-33 (9th Cir. 1987); Henderson, 779 24 F.2d at 1424. In this Court’s First Informational Order In Prisoner/Civil Detainee Civil Rights 25 Case, issued July 7, 2023, Plaintiff was warned that a “pro se plaintiff must keep the Court and 26 opposing parties informed of the party’s correct current address,” citing Local Rule 182(f). (See 27 Doc. 4 at 5.) The Order further warned that if “a pro se plaintiff’s address is not updated within 1 failure to prosecute,” citing to Local Rule 183(b). (Id.) Thus, the undersigned finds Plaintiff had 2 adequate warning that dismissal could result from his noncompliance with a Court order and this 3 Court’s local rules. In sum, the fifth factor weighs in favor of dismissal. Ferdick, 963 F.2d at 4 1262; Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41. 5 III. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 6 Based on the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court assign a 7 district judge to this action. 8 IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that this action be dismissed, without prejudice, for 9 Plaintiff’s failure to prosecute this action and failure to keep the Court apprised of his current 10 address. 11 These Findings and Recommendations will be submitted to the district judge assigned to 12 this case, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l).
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 DANIEL BOLAND, Case No.: 1:23-cv-01019-SKO (PC) 12 Plaintiff, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO DISMISS ACTION WITHOUT PREJUDICE 13 v. FOR PLAINTIFF’S FAILURE TO OBEY COURT ORDERS AND FAILURE TO 14 SECOND WATCH OFFICER, et al., PROSECUTE
15 Defendants. 14-DAY OBJECTION PERIOD
16 Clerk of the Court to Assign District Judge
17 18 Plaintiff Daniel Boland is proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis in this civil rights 19 action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 20 I. RELEVANT BACKGROUND 21 Plaintiff filed his complaint on July 7, 2023. (Doc. 1.) On October 27, 2023, the Court 22 issued its First Screening Order. (Doc. 11.) The Court found Plaintiff’s complaint fails to state a 23 claim upon which relief can be granted. (Id. at 3-7.) Plaintiff was granted leave to file an amended 24 complaint, or, alternatively, a notice of voluntary dismissal, within 21 days of the date of service 25 of the order. (Id. at 7-8.) 26 A docket entry of November 9, 2023, reflects the Court’s screening order was returned by 27 the United States Postal Service marked “Undeliverable, Out to Court, Paroled.” 1 II. DISCUSSION 2 Plaintiff is required to keep the Court apprised of his current address at all times. Local 3 Rule 183(b) provides:
4 Address Changes. A party appearing in propria persona shall keep the Court and 5 opposing parties advised as to his or her current address. If mail directed to a plaintiff in propria persona by the Clerk is returned by the U.S. Postal Service, and 6 if such plaintiff fails to notify the Court and opposing parties within sixty-three (63) days thereafter of a current address, the Court may dismiss the action without 7 prejudice for failure to prosecute. 8 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b) also provides for dismissal of an action for failure to 9 prosecute.1 10 Pursuant to Local Rule 183(b), Plaintiff’s address change was due no later than January 11 11, 2024. It has been 63 days since the last mail directed to Plaintiff was returned to the Court 12 marked as undeliverable. Plaintiff has failed to file a change of address and has not otherwise 13 been in contact with the Court. Additionally, a search of the California Department of Corrections 14 and Rehabilitation Inmate Locator search tool reveals Plaintiff is no longer incarcerated at Avenal 15 State Prison. (https://apps.cdcr.ca.gov/ciris/results?lastName=boland&firstName=daniel, as of 16 1/11/2024.) Therefore, Plaintiff has failed to comply with this Court’s Local Rules and has failed 17 to prosecute this action. 18 “In determining whether to dismiss an action for lack of prosecution, the district court is 19 required to weigh several factors: (1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; 20 (2) the court’s need to manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public 21 policy favoring disposition of cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic 22 sanctions.” Carey v. King, 856 F.2d 1439, 1440 (9th Cir. 1988) (internal quotation marks & 23 citation omitted); accord Omstead v. Dell, Inc., 594 F.3d 1081, 1084 (9th Cir. 2010); In re 24 Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Products Liability Litigation, 460 F.3d 1217, 1226 (9th Cir. 2006). 25 These factors guide a court in deciding what to do and are not conditions that must be met in 26 order for a court to act. In re PPA, 460 F.3d at 1226 (citation omitted). 27
1 Courts may dismiss actions sua sponte under Rule 41(b) based on the plaintiff’s failure to prosecute. 1 Plaintiff’s failure to file a notice of change of address after November 9, 2023, weighs in 2 favor of dismissal. Given the Court’s inability to communicate with Plaintiff, there are no other 3 reasonable alternatives available to address Plaintiff’s failure to prosecute this action and his 4 failure to apprise the Court of his current address. Thus, the first and second factors — the 5 expeditious resolution of litigation and the Court’s need to manage its docket —weigh in favor of 6 dismissal. Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41; Henderson v. Duncan, 779 F.2d 1421, 1423 (9th Cir. 7 1986); In re PPA, 460 F.3d at 1227. 8 The third factor, risk of prejudice to defendant, also weighs fairly in favor of dismissal 9 since a presumption of injury arises from the occurrence of unreasonable delay in prosecuting an 10 action. See Anderson v. Air W., 542 F.2d 522, 524 (9th Cir. 1976). Here, while no defendant has 11 appeared in this action, the case has been pending for more than six months and screening of 12 Plaintiff’s complaint occurred nearly three months ago. Thus, the third factor also weighs in favor 13 of dismissal. Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41. 14 The fourth factor usually weighs against dismissal because public policy favors 15 disposition on the merits. Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 639, 643 (9th Cir. 2002). However, 16 “this factor lends little support to a party whose responsibility it is to move a case toward 17 disposition on the merits but whose conduct impedes progress in that direction.” Plaintiff has not 18 moved this case forward toward disposition on the merits. He has instead stopped communicating 19 with the Court altogether. In re PPA, 460 F.3d at 1228. Therefore, the fourth factor also weighs in 20 favor of dismissal. Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41. 21 Finally, the Court’s warning to a party that failure to obey the court’s order will result in 22 dismissal satisfies the “considerations of the alternatives” requirement. Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 23 F.2d 1258, 1262 (9th Cir. 1992); Malone, 833 F.2d 128, 132-33 (9th Cir. 1987); Henderson, 779 24 F.2d at 1424. In this Court’s First Informational Order In Prisoner/Civil Detainee Civil Rights 25 Case, issued July 7, 2023, Plaintiff was warned that a “pro se plaintiff must keep the Court and 26 opposing parties informed of the party’s correct current address,” citing Local Rule 182(f). (See 27 Doc. 4 at 5.) The Order further warned that if “a pro se plaintiff’s address is not updated within 1 failure to prosecute,” citing to Local Rule 183(b). (Id.) Thus, the undersigned finds Plaintiff had 2 adequate warning that dismissal could result from his noncompliance with a Court order and this 3 Court’s local rules. In sum, the fifth factor weighs in favor of dismissal. Ferdick, 963 F.2d at 4 1262; Carey, 856 F.2d at 1440-41. 5 III. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 6 Based on the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court assign a 7 district judge to this action. 8 IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that this action be dismissed, without prejudice, for 9 Plaintiff’s failure to prosecute this action and failure to keep the Court apprised of his current 10 address. 11 These Findings and Recommendations will be submitted to the district judge assigned to 12 this case, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l). Within 14 days of the date of service of these 13 Findings and Recommendations, a party may file written objections with the Court. The 14 document should be captioned, “Objections to Magistrate Judge’s Findings and 15 Recommendations.” Failure to file objections within the specified time may result in waiver of 16 rights on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 839 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. 17 Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)). 18 IT IS SO ORDERED. 19
20 Dated: January 17, 2024 /s/ Sheila K. Oberto . UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 21
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