Paulk v. Paulk

217 So. 3d 899, 2016 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 199
Court of Civil Appeals of Alabama·Decided August 12, 2016·No. 2150236·Published·Cited by 2 cases

Opinion

MOORE, Judge.

Melanie B. Paulk (“the mother”) appeals from a judgment entered by the Mobile Circuit Court (“the trial court”) in a post-divorce action to the extent that it held her in contempt of court for failing to pay educational expenses for the parties’ children, J.E.P., C.G.P., and J.G.P., and to the extent that it offset the amounts that Robert A. Paulk (“the father”) owed for child support and the children’s medical expenses against the amounts that she owed for the children’s educational expenses. We reverse the trial court’s judgment.

Procedural History

On April 14, 2004, the parties were divorced by a judgment entered by the trial court; that judgment incorporated an agreement entered between the parties. Among other things, the divorce judgment awarded the mother, in effect, sole physical custody of the children and ordered the father to pay child support and one-half of the children’s noncovered medical and dental expenses. The divorce judgment also included a provision stating: “THAT the [father] shall be responsible for the payment of tuition for the three minor children to attend [UMS-Wright Preparatory] School, and the [mother] shall be responsible for activity fees, books and uniforms. The [father] shall not be responsible for payment of the three minor children to attend any other private school unless agreed upon by the parties.”

On June 12, 2012, the father filed a petition seeking to modify custody of C.G.P. The mother subsequently answered that petition and counterclaimed, requesting that the father be held in contempt for, among other things, failing to pay child support and certain medical expenses incurred by the children. On October 18, 2013, the father filed a reply to the counterclaim; he also counterclaimed for a rule nisi, alleging that the mother had failed to pay for “activity fees, books, uniforms and meals” related to UMS-Wright Preparato[901] ry School. He alternatively argued that the provision in the divorce judgment relating to the payment of the children’s tuition and expenses at UMS-Wright Preparatory School had been rendered void when the mother had not enrolled the children at that school for the 2008-09 school year. On December 13, 2013, the father filed a motion to modify his visitation with J.G.P.

On July 21, 2015, the trial court entered a judgment resolving all the issues raised by the parties.1 Specifically, with respect to the issues relevant to this appeal, the trial court found the father in contempt for failing to pay child support and his portion of the children’s medical expenses and found the mother in contempt for failing to pay the children’s educational expenses; the trial court applied “an offset for the benefit of each party for what the other owes[, finding] that neither party owes the other any monies ... as a result of their contemptuous behavior.” On August 19, 2015, the mother filed a postjudgment motion. The mother filed an amendment to her postjudgment motion on October 14, 2015. On November 6, 2015, the mother’s postjudgment motion, as amended, was denied by the trial court. The mother filed her notice of appeal on December 7, 2015.

Discussion

I. Contempt

On appeal, the mother argues that the trial erred in holding her in contempt because, she says, she did not believe that she was required to pay the expenses for UMS-Wright Preparatory School after she had declined to enroll the children in that school for one year and had then re-enrolled them the following year and because the father had agreed to pay those expenses upon the children’s re-enrollment. She contends that her failure to pay was not willful.

“It has long been held in this state that if the parties to a divorce proceeding have entered into an agreement in anticipation thereof and request that its provisions in full or in part be included in the decree of the court, such agreement, if incorporated, loses its contractual nature insofar as the right to modify it is concerned. Hutton v. Hutton, 284 Ala. 91, 222 So.2d 348 (1969). This court has said that if there is an agreement between the parties and it is not merged or superseded by the decree of the court, it remains a contract between the parties and may be enforced as any other contract. However, any part of the agreement which is merged in the decree is subject to the equity power of the court and is no longer of a contractual nature. East v. East, 395 So.2d 78 (Ala.Civ.App.1980), cert. denied, 395 So.2d 82 (Ala.1981).”

Oliver v. Oliver, 431 So.2d 1271, 1275 (Ala.Civ.App.1983). See also McCreless v. McCreless, 673 So.2d 438, 440 (Ala.Civ.App.1995). Accordingly, because, in the present case, the parties’ agreement concerning the payment of tuition and expenses associated with the children’s attendance at UMS-Wright Preparatory School had been incorporated into the divorce judgment, the parties were not permitted to modify the agreement without approval of the trial court. Therefore, the mother’s obligation under the divorce judgment may still be enforced against her.

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Paulk v. Paulk, 217 So. 3d 899, 2016 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 199 (Ala. Ct. App. 2016).

217 So. 3d 899 (Paulk v. Paulk) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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