IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
ALLEN I. PATTON,1 § § No. 356, 2014 Respondent Below, § Appellant, § § Court Below: Family Court v. § of the State of Delaware § in and for Kent County, JAMES PATTON, § § File No. CK-09-02973 Petitioner Below, § Petition No. 13-32745 & 13-37433 Appellee. §
Submitted: November 21, 2014 Decided: January 14, 2015
Before STRINE, Chief Justice, HOLLAND, and VALIHURA, Justices.
ORDER
This 14th day of January 2015, upon consideration of the parties’ briefs and
the record below, it appears to the Court that:
(1) The appellant, Allen Patton (“the Father”), filed this pro se appeal
from a Family Court order finding him in contempt of earlier Family Court orders
regarding visitation between the Father’s minor children and the appellee, James
1 The Court previously assigned pseudonyms to the parties under Supreme Court Rule 7(d). Patton (“the Grandfather”).2 The Court concludes there is no merit to the Father’s
appeal. Accordingly, we affirm the Family Court’s judgment.
(2) On May 26, 2010, the Family Court granted the Grandfather monthly
Sunday visits with his grandchildren. In the fall of 2010, the Grandfather filed a
Petition for Rule to Show Cause alleging that the Father had prevented a visit and a
Petition to Modify Visitation. The Father answered the petition and stated that the
visit was delayed due to a miscommunication. A hearing was held on April 12,
2011. The Grandfather attended the hearing, but the Father and Mother failed to
appear for the hearing. The Family Court entered an order modifying the May 26,
2010 visitation order to change the time of the monthly Sunday visits and to
provide that the visit pick up and drop off would be at the home of the natural
parent, unless the Grandfather agreed otherwise.
(3) On November 28, 2011, the Grandfather filed a Petition for Rule to
Show Cause, alleging that the Father and the Mother had a scheduled a trip for his
grandchildren the weekend he was supposed to have visitation and that the
grandchildren were out of the state the following weekend. The Father answered
the petition and stated that a rescheduled visit was offered to the Grandfather and
that the Grandfather was difficult and should not have visitation. On February 15,
2 The Family Court also found the mother of the parties’ minor children (“the Mother”) in contempt of the earlier order regarding visitation with the Grandfather, but Mother has not appealed.
2 2012, the Grandfather filed another Petition for Rule to Show Cause, alleging that
the Father had not made one of his grandchildren available for a visit, refused to
schedule a make-up visit, and did not permit the Grandfather to take one of his
grandchildren to dinner on his birthday as he had done in previous years.
(4) A hearing was held on July 19, 2012. The Grandfather attended the
hearing, but the Father and the Mother failed to appear for the hearing. The Family
Court found that the Father and the Mother were in contempt for failing to allow
visitation in November 2011 and January 2012. The Family Court ordered that the
Grandfather would have an extra visit in September 2012 and October 2012 and
that the Grandfather would have the opportunity to visit his grandchildren on their
birthdays. The Family Court also imposed a fine on the Father and the Mother of
$1,000 for each missed visit for a total of $2,000 and suspended the fine as long as
there were no further violations of the Family Court’s visitation orders by the
Father and the Mother. Finally, the Family Court warned the Father and the
Mother that any further violations of its orders or failure to appear for future
hearings could result more serious sanctions, including incarceration.
(5) On October 10, 2013, the Grandfather filed a Petition for a Rule to
Show Cause, alleging a missed visit on October 6, 2013. The Grandfather claimed
that he asked to change the October visit from October 5, 2013 to October 6, 2013,
but the Father told him the grandchildren would be with the Mother. The Mother
3 then indicated that she would probably have to work. After the Grandfather made
other plans for October 5, 2013, the Father told him on September 27, 2013 that he
could visit with the grandchildren on October 5, 2013 and that the grandchildren
would be with the Father on October 6, 2013. The Grandfather insisted on
visitation occurring on October 6, 2013, but when he called that day to determine if
the boys were home, there was no answer. In his answer to the petition, the Father
claimed that he offered to reschedule the October 6, 2013 visit, but that the
Grandfather was unwilling to do so, was abusive to him, had previously violated
the visitation orders by bringing the grandchildren back early, and should not have
visitation.
(6) On December 11, 2013, the Grandfather filed another Petition for
Rule to Show Cause, alleging a missed visit on December 8, 2013. The
Grandfather claimed that visitation was scheduled for December 8, 2013, the
Father and grandchildren were not home when the Grandfather went to pick up the
grandchildren, the Grandfather and the Father exchanged texts in which the Father
stated that the grandchildren were with the Mother, the Mother did not respond to
the Father’s messages, and the Father refused to schedule a make-up visit. The
Father and the Mother failed to appear for the hearing.
(7) A hearing was held on June 10, 2014. The Grandfather attended the
hearing, but the Father and the Mother failed to appear for the hearing. The Family
4 Court found that the Father and the Mother were in contempt for failing to comply
with the Family Court’s orders.
(8) The Family Court ordered that the suspended fine of $2,000 was lifted
and re-imposed. The Family Court also ordered that the Grandfather would have
three additional visits between June 1, 2014 and Labor Day. The Family Court
warned the Father and the Mother that court orders, including the place of pick up
and drop off for visitation, were to be followed strictly. Finally, the Family Court
ordered that upon the relocation of the grandchildren from Delaware, the parties
should attempt to agree to a modified visitation schedule and if they could not
agree, then the moving party must file a petition for modification of the visitation
schedule. This appeal followed.
(9) This Court’s review of a Family Court decision includes a review of
both the law and the facts.3 Conclusions of law are reviewed de novo.4 Factual
findings will not be disturbed on appeal unless they are clearly erroneous.5
(10) In his opening brief, the Father argues that: (i) he and the Mother
intended to attend the June 10, 2014 hearing, but he had to work on a time critical
job (as reflected in a memorandum from his employer) and the Mother could not
3 Mundy v. Devon, 906 A.2d 750, 752 (Del. 2006). 4 Id. 5 Id.
5 leave her house because she had to sign papers and handle moving preparations (as
reflected in a letter from the Mother); and (ii) he and the Mother are experiencing
great financial hardship, including a mortgage foreclosure, and would have
difficulty paying the $2,000 fine. The Father’s explanations for why he and the
Mother failed to attend the June 10, 2014 hearing were not presented to the Family
Court in the first instance.
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
ALLEN I. PATTON,1 § § No. 356, 2014 Respondent Below, § Appellant, § § Court Below: Family Court v. § of the State of Delaware § in and for Kent County, JAMES PATTON, § § File No. CK-09-02973 Petitioner Below, § Petition No. 13-32745 & 13-37433 Appellee. §
Submitted: November 21, 2014 Decided: January 14, 2015
Before STRINE, Chief Justice, HOLLAND, and VALIHURA, Justices.
ORDER
This 14th day of January 2015, upon consideration of the parties’ briefs and
the record below, it appears to the Court that:
(1) The appellant, Allen Patton (“the Father”), filed this pro se appeal
from a Family Court order finding him in contempt of earlier Family Court orders
regarding visitation between the Father’s minor children and the appellee, James
1 The Court previously assigned pseudonyms to the parties under Supreme Court Rule 7(d). Patton (“the Grandfather”).2 The Court concludes there is no merit to the Father’s
appeal. Accordingly, we affirm the Family Court’s judgment.
(2) On May 26, 2010, the Family Court granted the Grandfather monthly
Sunday visits with his grandchildren. In the fall of 2010, the Grandfather filed a
Petition for Rule to Show Cause alleging that the Father had prevented a visit and a
Petition to Modify Visitation. The Father answered the petition and stated that the
visit was delayed due to a miscommunication. A hearing was held on April 12,
2011. The Grandfather attended the hearing, but the Father and Mother failed to
appear for the hearing. The Family Court entered an order modifying the May 26,
2010 visitation order to change the time of the monthly Sunday visits and to
provide that the visit pick up and drop off would be at the home of the natural
parent, unless the Grandfather agreed otherwise.
(3) On November 28, 2011, the Grandfather filed a Petition for Rule to
Show Cause, alleging that the Father and the Mother had a scheduled a trip for his
grandchildren the weekend he was supposed to have visitation and that the
grandchildren were out of the state the following weekend. The Father answered
the petition and stated that a rescheduled visit was offered to the Grandfather and
that the Grandfather was difficult and should not have visitation. On February 15,
2 The Family Court also found the mother of the parties’ minor children (“the Mother”) in contempt of the earlier order regarding visitation with the Grandfather, but Mother has not appealed.
2 2012, the Grandfather filed another Petition for Rule to Show Cause, alleging that
the Father had not made one of his grandchildren available for a visit, refused to
schedule a make-up visit, and did not permit the Grandfather to take one of his
grandchildren to dinner on his birthday as he had done in previous years.
(4) A hearing was held on July 19, 2012. The Grandfather attended the
hearing, but the Father and the Mother failed to appear for the hearing. The Family
Court found that the Father and the Mother were in contempt for failing to allow
visitation in November 2011 and January 2012. The Family Court ordered that the
Grandfather would have an extra visit in September 2012 and October 2012 and
that the Grandfather would have the opportunity to visit his grandchildren on their
birthdays. The Family Court also imposed a fine on the Father and the Mother of
$1,000 for each missed visit for a total of $2,000 and suspended the fine as long as
there were no further violations of the Family Court’s visitation orders by the
Father and the Mother. Finally, the Family Court warned the Father and the
Mother that any further violations of its orders or failure to appear for future
hearings could result more serious sanctions, including incarceration.
(5) On October 10, 2013, the Grandfather filed a Petition for a Rule to
Show Cause, alleging a missed visit on October 6, 2013. The Grandfather claimed
that he asked to change the October visit from October 5, 2013 to October 6, 2013,
but the Father told him the grandchildren would be with the Mother. The Mother
3 then indicated that she would probably have to work. After the Grandfather made
other plans for October 5, 2013, the Father told him on September 27, 2013 that he
could visit with the grandchildren on October 5, 2013 and that the grandchildren
would be with the Father on October 6, 2013. The Grandfather insisted on
visitation occurring on October 6, 2013, but when he called that day to determine if
the boys were home, there was no answer. In his answer to the petition, the Father
claimed that he offered to reschedule the October 6, 2013 visit, but that the
Grandfather was unwilling to do so, was abusive to him, had previously violated
the visitation orders by bringing the grandchildren back early, and should not have
visitation.
(6) On December 11, 2013, the Grandfather filed another Petition for
Rule to Show Cause, alleging a missed visit on December 8, 2013. The
Grandfather claimed that visitation was scheduled for December 8, 2013, the
Father and grandchildren were not home when the Grandfather went to pick up the
grandchildren, the Grandfather and the Father exchanged texts in which the Father
stated that the grandchildren were with the Mother, the Mother did not respond to
the Father’s messages, and the Father refused to schedule a make-up visit. The
Father and the Mother failed to appear for the hearing.
(7) A hearing was held on June 10, 2014. The Grandfather attended the
hearing, but the Father and the Mother failed to appear for the hearing. The Family
4 Court found that the Father and the Mother were in contempt for failing to comply
with the Family Court’s orders.
(8) The Family Court ordered that the suspended fine of $2,000 was lifted
and re-imposed. The Family Court also ordered that the Grandfather would have
three additional visits between June 1, 2014 and Labor Day. The Family Court
warned the Father and the Mother that court orders, including the place of pick up
and drop off for visitation, were to be followed strictly. Finally, the Family Court
ordered that upon the relocation of the grandchildren from Delaware, the parties
should attempt to agree to a modified visitation schedule and if they could not
agree, then the moving party must file a petition for modification of the visitation
schedule. This appeal followed.
(9) This Court’s review of a Family Court decision includes a review of
both the law and the facts.3 Conclusions of law are reviewed de novo.4 Factual
findings will not be disturbed on appeal unless they are clearly erroneous.5
(10) In his opening brief, the Father argues that: (i) he and the Mother
intended to attend the June 10, 2014 hearing, but he had to work on a time critical
job (as reflected in a memorandum from his employer) and the Mother could not
3 Mundy v. Devon, 906 A.2d 750, 752 (Del. 2006). 4 Id. 5 Id.
5 leave her house because she had to sign papers and handle moving preparations (as
reflected in a letter from the Mother); and (ii) he and the Mother are experiencing
great financial hardship, including a mortgage foreclosure, and would have
difficulty paying the $2,000 fine. The Father’s explanations for why he and the
Mother failed to attend the June 10, 2014 hearing were not presented to the Family
Court in the first instance. The explanations are therefore outside of the record on
appeal and cannot be considered by this Court.6 For the same reason, we cannot
consider the Father’s contentions of financial hardship, which were not presented
to the Family Court in the first instance.7
(11) Similarly, the Father makes additional arguments in his reply brief,
including explanations for why he and the Mother missed other Family Court
hearings and examples of how the Grandfather has been vulgar and abusive to the
Father, unreasonable regarding visitation or in violation of Family Court orders,
that we decline to address because they were not were not fairly raised in his
6 Supr. Ct. R. 8 (providing that only questions fairly presented to trial court may be presented for review unless review is required in interest of justice); Zappa v. Logan, 2013 WL 4538215, at *1 (Del. Aug. 23, 2013) (finding appellant’s explanation for missing hearing and evidence to refute allegations of abuse were outside record and would not be considered on appeal); Delaware Elec. Coop., Inc. v. Duphily, 703 A.2d 1202, 1206 (Del. 1997) (stating “[i]t is a basic tenet of appellate practice that an appellate court reviews only matters considered in the first instance by a trial court”). 7 See supra n.6.
6 opening brief.8 By declining to address the Father’s arguments that he failed to
present fairly, we do not suggest that they are not important to what visitation
scheduled, if any, is in the best interest of the children under the relevant statutory
scheme. Rather, we simply note that the Father and Mother must present their
arguments to the Family Court in the first instance and show up at scheduled
hearings in the Family Court, so that the Family Court has the benefit of hearing all
of the parties’ arguments and their responses to the other side’s arguments before
ruling on a full record. Parties also cannot save arguments to raise for the first time
in their final brief on appeal.
(12) It is undisputed that there were Family Court orders entitling the
Grandfather to monthly visitation with his grandchildren. It is also undisputed
that, on July 19, 2012, the Family Court imposed a fine on the Father and the
Mother of $1,000 for each missed visit for a total of $2,000 and suspended the fine
as long as there were no further violations of the Family Court’s visitation orders.
Although the Father answered the October 10, 2013 Petition for Rule to Show
Cause, neither he nor the Mother answered the December 11, 2013 Petition for
Rule to Show Cause that alleged a missed visit on December 8, 2013. Both the
Father the Mother failed to appear at the June 10, 2014 hearing. Under these
8 Supr. Ct. 14(c) (“Appellant shall not reserve material for reply brief which should have been included in a full and fair opening brief.”); Lampkins v. State, 2010 WL 4735029, at *1 n.5 (Del. Nov. 22, 2010) (declining to address claim raised for first time in reply brief).
7 circumstances, the Family Court was within its discretion to find the Mother and
the Father in contempt of its previous orders and re-impose the $2,000 fine it had
suspended previously.
(13) Finally, we note that the Grandfather requested in his answering brief
that the Mother be released from the finding of contempt and the fine. The Mother
did not appeal the Family Court’s June 10, 2014 order and the record does not
reflect a basis to treat the Father and the Mother differently.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED that the judgment of the Family
Court is AFFIRMED.
BY THE COURT: /s/ Leo E. Strine, Jr. Chief Justice