Patriot Coal Corp. v. Peabody Holding Co. (In re Patriot Coal Corp.)

493 B.R. 530
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, E.D. Missouri
DecidedMay 29, 2013
DocketBankruptcy No. 12-51502-659; Adversary No. 13-4067-659
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 493 B.R. 530 (Patriot Coal Corp. v. Peabody Holding Co. (In re Patriot Coal Corp.)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, E.D. Missouri primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Patriot Coal Corp. v. Peabody Holding Co. (In re Patriot Coal Corp.), 493 B.R. 530 (Mo. 2013).

Opinion

FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW

KATHY A. SURRATT-STATES, Chief Judge.

The matters before the Court are the Complaint filed by Debtors Patriot Coal Corporation, et al., Notice and Plaintiffs’ Motion for Summary Judgment, Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, Defendants’ Opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion for Summary Judgment and Plaintiffs’ Opposition to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss. A hearing was held on April 29, 2012 at which counsel for Plaintiffs and Defendants appeared and oral argument was presented. The Court also granted leave for brief oral argument to be presented by counsel for the United Mine Workers of America. [532]*532The matter was taken under submission. Upon consideration of the record as a whole, the Court rules as follows.

Debtor Patriot Coal Corporation (hereinafter “Patriot”) is one of the largest coal-producing enterprises in the United States. Debtor Heritage Coal Company, formerly known as Peabody Coal Company, LLC (hereinafter “Heritage”) is a Debtor-subsidiary of Patriot. Debtor Eastern Associated Coal, LLC (hereinafter “Eastern Associated”) is also a Debtor-subsidiary of Patriot. Heritage, Eastern Associated and Patriot are former subsidiaries of Defendant Peabody Energy Corporation (hereinafter “Peabody Energy”). Defendant Peabody Holding Company, LLC, (hereinafter “Peabody Holding”) is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Peabody Energy.

Prior to October 2007, Peabody Energy-had an ownership interest in certain subsidiaries now owned by Patriot, including Heritage and Eastern Associated, which owned numerous mining operations in the Illinois Basin and Appalachia regions. Those mining operations were heavily staffed with miners that were and continue to be represented by the United Mine Workers of America (hereinafter “UMWA”). Many of those miners retired from those Illinois Basin and Appalachia operations, and pursuant to individual employer plans which were created in accordance with UMWA labor agreements, certain former subsidiaries of Peabody Energy — including Heritage and Eastern Associated — were liable for the provision of pension and healthcare benefits to their retirees, as will be further discussed below.

The Bituminous Coal Operators’ Association (hereinafter the “BCOA”) is a mul-tiemployer bargaining association formed by coal mine operators on July 22, 1950. Its sole purpose is to bargain with the UMWA on behalf of its coal industry employer members.

The provision of pension and healthcare benefits has consumed negotiations between coal mine operators and the UMWA for the better part of the 20th century, and not surprisingly, this plight has continued into the 21st century. Following a nationwide strike in 1946, President Truman issued an Executive Order which directed Julius Krug, then Secretary of the Interi- or, to seize virtually all bituminous coal mines in the United States and to negotiate “appropriate changes in the terms and conditions of employment of miners with the UMWA.” 11 Fed.Reg. 5593 (1946). From these negotiations between Secretary Krug and Mr. John L. Lewis, then-president of the UMWA, the Krug-Lewis Agreement was produced.

Pursuant to the Krug-Lewis Agreement, the previously seized coal mines reverted to private control and the National Bituminous Coal Wage Agreement of 1947 (hereinafter “1947 NBCWA”) was created. The 1947 NBCWA set out the terms and conditions of employment for coal miners employed by members of the BCOA and companies that sign “Me Too” agreements with the UMWA. A “Me Too” Agreement is an agreement whereby an employer who is not a member of the BCOA agrees with the UMWA to be bound by the terms of the NBCWA. Every few years, the UMWA and BCOA renegotiate the terms of the NBCWA. Each renegotiated agreement has an expiration date.

The 2011 NBCWA is the most current negotiated agreement which will expire on December 31, 2016. The 2007 NBCWA preceded the 2011 NBCWA. Heritage and Eastern Associated have signed “Me Too” Agreements and incorporated the 2011 NBCWA, particularly Article XX of the 2011 NBCWA, into their Individual Employer Plans. Article XX of the [533]*533NBCWA defines and makes provision for pension, health and other benefits for former employees of the BCOA members that are NBCWA and “Me Too” Agreement signatories. Heritage and Eastern Associated were therefore bound to each maintain an Individual Employer Plan which provided for the provision of pension, health and other benefits to its UMWA-represented retirees. Both Heritage and Eastern Associated have maintained Individual Employer Plans as well as the resulting liabilities. This changed for Heritage around October of 2007.

Prior to October of 2007, it was contemplated that Patriot and certain subsidiaries, including Heritage and Eastern Associated, would be spun-off from Peabody Energy. In an “Acknowledgement and Assent” entered into on or about August 13, 2007 between Peabody Holding, the UMWA and for limited purposes Heritage, Peabody Holding stated its intent to be primarily obligated to pay for benefits of Heritage’s retirees and those retirees’ eligible dependents (hereinafter the “Assumed Retirees”), under the terms of an employee welfare plan maintained by Heritage pursuant to Article XX of the Heritage Individual Employer Plan. Pis.’ Ex. B, § A.2. The Acknowledgement and Assent specifically states that the terms of such assumption will be memorialized in a separate document, the NBCWA Liability Assumption Agreement which will not: i) make Peabody Holding a party to any collective bargaining agreement with the UMWA; ii) create a labor law relationship between Peabody Holding and the UMWA; nor will it iii) create any right of action by the UMWA or its retirees against Peabody Holding for benefits under the Heritage Individual Employer Plan. See Pis.’ Ex. B, § B.2.

On or about October 22, 2007, before the spin-off was complete, an NBCWA Individual Employer Plan Liabilities Assumption Agreement (hereinafter “Assumption Agreement”) was entered between Peabody Holding, Patriot, Peabody Energy and Heritage. The Assumption Agreement is governed by Delaware law. Pis.’ Ex. A., § 19. The following comprises the pertinent contents of the Assumption Agreement:

Recitals
WHEREAS, [Heritage] has an obligation to provide retiree healthcare pursuant to its “me too” labor contract which incorporates by reference Article XX of the NBCWA; and
WHEREAS, the parties desire that [Heritage] continue to provide the retiree healthcare required by Article XX of the NBCWA (or any successor [Heritage] labor contract);
WHEREAS, [Peabody Holding] has agreed to assume the liabilities of [Heritage] for provision of healthcare pursuant to Article XX of the NBCWA (or any successor [Heritage] labor contract) to certain retirees and their eligible dependents to the extent expressly set forth in this Agreement; and
WHEREAS, contemporaneously herewith [Peabody Holding] and Patriot have entered an Administrative Service Agreement pursuant to which Patriot will take certain actions necessary and appropriate for the administration of any NBCWA Individual Employer Plans (as defined below) and delivery of benefits constituting NBCWA Individual Employer Plan Liabilities (as defined below).

Section 1. Defined, Terms.

(b) The term “NBCWA” shall mean the National Bituminous Coal Wage Agree[534]

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