Parojinog v. State

371 A.2d 695, 35 Md. App. 586, 1977 Md. App. LEXIS 505
CourtCourt of Special Appeals of Maryland
DecidedApril 12, 1977
DocketNo. 745
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 371 A.2d 695 (Parojinog v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Special Appeals of Maryland primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Parojinog v. State, 371 A.2d 695, 35 Md. App. 586, 1977 Md. App. LEXIS 505 (Md. Ct. App. 1977).

Opinion

Melvin, J.,

delivered the opinion of the Court.

On 23 May 1975 seven juvenile petitions were filed against the appellant Richard Wayne Parojinog in the District Court in Montgomery County sitting as a juvenile court. At that time appellant was 18 years old, having been born 20 September 1956. The petitions alleged the appellant to be “a delinquent child ... in that he did commit” various acts described in separate counts in each of the petitions. In all, the petitions set forth 18 separate delinquent acts 1 allegedly committed by the appellant between 26 April 1974 and 19 September 1974, at times when he was 17 years old.

On the same date the petitions were filed, 23 May 1975, the State filed a “Petition for Waiver” asking the court to waive its exclusive juvenile jurisdiction over the appellant with respect to each of the alleged delinquent acts. On 24 March 1976, after at least three hearings, the juvenile judge signed an order waiving jurisdiction.

On 13 May 1976 a twenty-eight count indictment against the appellant was filed in the Circuit Court for Montgomery County charging the appellant with committing various crimes when he was 17 years old. It appears that many of the counts in the indictment coincide with counts in the juvenile petitions.2

On 23 June 1976, appellant filed a “Motion to Dismiss Indictment” on the grounds of double jeopardy and collateral estoppel. On 12 July 1976, after hearing, the motion was denied by Judge Ralph G. Shure. It is from the denial of the motion to dismiss the indictment that appellant [588]*588has taken this appeal. He argues here, as he did before Judge Shure, that although the proceedings in the juvenile court were labeled waiver hearings they “amounted to an adjudicatory hearing” and that he “has, in effect, been tried, convicted and punished in the Juvenile Court” for the “same crimes” for which he now stands indicted.

Appellant bases his argument on the holding of the Supreme Court in Breed v. Jones, 421 U. S. 519, 95 S. Ct. 1779 (1975). In that case, the Court held that the prosecution of a juvenile in a criminal court after an adjudicatory proceeding in a juvenile court violated the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution.

“We believe it is simply too late in the day to conclude . . . that a juvenile is not put in jeopardy at a proceeding whose object is to determine whether he has committed acts that violate a criminal law and whose potential consequences include both the stigma inherent in such a determination and the deprivation of liberty for many years”. 95 S. Ct. at 1785.
“We hold that the prosecution of respondent in Superior Court, after an adjudicatory proceeding in Juvenile Court, violated the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment, as applied to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment”. 95 S. Ct. at 1791.

The State concedes that had there been an adjudicatory hearing in the juvenile court Breed v. Jones would require a dismissal of the indictment, but argues that the record does not show that an adjudicatory hearing was ever held. We agree with the State’s argument. Breed v. Jones is therefore inapposite and appellant’s reliance thereon is misplaced.

Our independent review of the proceedings before the juvenile court as reflected in the record before us convinces us that no adjudicatory hearing was held on the juvenile petitions; that appellant was not “put in jeopardy” in those [589]*589proceedings because their object was not “to determine whether [appellant] has committed acts that violate a criminal law”, Breed v. Jones, supra, but rather their object was to determine the ultimate issue raised by the State’s “Petition for Waiver”. That ultimate issue was the fitness of the appellant for juvenile rehabilitative measures giving due consideration to the safety of the public. In Re Flowers, 13 Md. App. 414, 283 A. 2d 430 (1971).

Appellant concedes, as we have indicated, that the purpose of the juvenile proceedings was to determine the waiver question. He further concedes that no adjudication of delinquency was made by the juvenile judge. He further concedes that the waiver order is valid on its face and that he “is not attempting to go behind the waiver order of the Juvenile Court but is simply trying to establish that under the unusual circumstances surrounding the Juvenile Court proceedings, that an adjudicatory hearing was held at which he was punished, thereby precluding the State from trying him once again at the Circuit Court level”.

Following the filing of the waiver petition, the waiver hearing in the juvenile court began on 30 July 1975. At that hearing, the judge heard testimony concerning the nature of the alleged delinquent acts charged and the appellant’s involvement. The matter was continued until 10 September 1975 so that the judge could be furnished with a complete report on the appellant from the Department of Juvenile Services as well as an evaluation from the Maryland Children’s Center. The judge made it clear that his purpose at this point was not treatment but to obtain “one package with as much information as possible to determine whether or not the Court waives its jurisdiction”. (Emphasis added). He particularly wanted to know “what if any services are available within the juvenile system” for the appellant.

When the proceedings resumed on 10 September 1975, the judge noted at the outset that the case had been continued until that date for “final determination in waiver”. The judge then noted that he had received the “staffing analysis” and recommendations from the Maryland Children’s Center as well as the reports and recommendations of the [590]*590Department of Juvenile Services. Both the prosecuting attorney and' .counsel for the appellant presented oral arguments on the question of waiver. It is evident that the judge was concerned over the effect of the provisions of Code (1974, 1975 Cum. Supp.), § 3-807 (b) of the Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article. That section of our juvenile law became effective 1 July 1975 and provided:

“The [juvenile] court has exclusive original jurisdiction, but only for purposes of waiving it, over an adult who is alleged to have committed a delinquent act while a child.” 3

Because appellant was an “adult” charged with delinquent acts'allegedly committed while a “child”, the judge felt that if he did not waive jurisdiction the petitions would have to be dismissed.4 On the other hand, if he waived jurisdiction, he would be doing so in the face of recommendations of the Department of Juvenile Services that a treatment program be instituted under that department’s jurisdiction. He resolved the dilemma temporarily by “continuing the proceedings without a determination of waiver” for a period of six months, during which time appellant was “directed .. . to undergo a voluntary program of daily, full-time outpatient psychological and psychiatric therapy at a local hospital under the direction of the Department of Juvenile Services”. He also “directed that the appellant make restitution in the sum of ... $3,562.34 to the various persons who were victims of the crimes with which the appellant was charged in the Juvenile Court”.

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Related

Parojinog v. State
384 A.2d 86 (Court of Appeals of Maryland, 1978)

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Bluebook (online)
371 A.2d 695, 35 Md. App. 586, 1977 Md. App. LEXIS 505, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/parojinog-v-state-mdctspecapp-1977.