P. v. Sharif CA4/1

California Court of Appeal·Decided April 26, 2013·No. D061508·Unpublished

Opinion

Filed 4/26/13 P. v. Sharif CA4/1 NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

COURT OF APPEAL, FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT DIVISION ONE

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

THE PEOPLE, D061508 Plaintiff and Respondent, v. (Super. Ct. No. SCD232282)

ABDULAZIZ AHMED SHARIF, Defendant and Appellant.

APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of San Diego County, Leo Valentine, Jr., Judge. Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded with directions.

Following a mistrial due to a deadlocked jury, a second jury found Abdulaziz Ahmed Sharif guilty of unlawfully taking or driving a vehicle. At the sentencing hearing on March 5, 2012, the court placed Sharif on three years of formal probation and suspended imposition of sentence for that period of time, but committed him to the custody of the San Diego County Sheriff's Department for 365 days. The court imposed a total of $1,264 in fines, fees, and assessments, including a restitution fine imposed under section Penal Code section 1202.4, subdivision (b) (hereafter § 1202.4(b);

undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code) in the amount of $240. The court also determined that Sharif, who was arrested on February 4, 2011, was entitled to a total of 594 days of credit for time served in local presentence custody, consisting of 396 days of credit for time actually served, plus 198 days of conduct credit under the former version of section 4019 in effect when Sharif committed his offense the day before he was arrested, and which allowed him to earn one day of conduct credit for every two days he actually served in local presentence custody.

Sharif appeals, contending (1) the court miscalculated his presentence custody credits and should have awarded him an additional 78 days of conduct credit (for a total of 672 days of presentence custody credit) because it erroneously failed to use a "hybrid" calculation method he claims the court was required to use following the October 1, 2011 operative date of an amendment to section 4019 that resulted in a more favorable conduct credit accrual rate; (2) the court erred when it failed to apply to his fines and fees, on a proportional basis and at the statutory rate of not less than $30 per day of credit, the monetary credit (discussed, post) resulting from the excess of his total presentence custody credits over his 365-day jail term, as required by section 2900.5, subdivision (a) (hereafter § 2900.5(a)); (3) the $240 restitution fine imposed under section 1202.4(b) violates the ex post facto clauses of the federal and state Constitutions because he committed the current offense before January 1, 2012, the date when the amount of the fine increased from $200 to $240; and (4) the court erred in imposing alcohol-related conditions of probation because they are not reasonably related to his offense or future criminality.

The Attorney General concedes the court erroneously failed to apply to the fines the monetary credit resulting from Sharif's excess presentence custody credits, as required by section 2900.5(a).

We reverse the judgment to the extent that the amounts of the base fines, penalty assessments, and restitution fines the court imposed at sentencing have not been reduced on a proportional basis by the monetary credit resulting from the excess of Sharif's total presentence actual and good conduct custody credits over his 365-day jail term, in accordance with the provisions of section 2900.5(a) and the methodology set forth in People v. McGarry (2002) 96 Cal.App.4th 644 (McGarry). We affirm the judgment in all other respects and remand the matter to the superior court with directions.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND1

Early in the evening on February 3, 2011, Sharif got into a Cadillac at a Budget Rent-A-Car and drove away in it without permission. The car was tracked by On Star and recovered. A witness and surveillance tapes identified Sharif, who was arrested the next day, February 4, after he returned to the same rental car office. At the time of his arrest, Sharif made a spontaneous statement indicating he did not have the car key because the car had an automatic start.

1 The following factual background is derived from the probation report because the facts underlying Sharif's offense crime are not relevant to the issues he raises in this appeal.

DISCUSSION

I. PRESENTENCE CUSTODY CREDITS Sharif first contends the court miscalculated his presentence custody credits and should have awarded him an additional 78 days of conduct credit (for a total of 672 days, not 594 days, of presentence custody credit) because it erroneously failed to use a hybrid calculation method he claims the court was required to use to calculate his credits for the presentence custody time he served on and after October 1, 2011, the operative date of an amendment to section 4019 that increased the conduct credit accrual rate from one day of conduct credit for every two days actually served─which the parties agree was the accrual rate that applied to the presentence custody time he served from the time of his arrest on February 4, 2011, to October 1, 2011, the operative date of the statutory amendment─to one day of conduct credit for every one day actually served. Specifically, Sharif contends the court erroneously failed to apply this more favorable one-for-one conduct credit accrual rate to the presentence custody time he served between October 1, 2011, and the date of his sentencing in this matter, March 5, 2012. We reject these contentions and conclude the court properly calculated Sharif's presentence custody credits.

A. General Legal Principles and History of Amendments to Section 4019 1. Accrual of presentence custody credit A defendant is entitled to actual custody credit for "all days of custody" in county jail and residential treatment facilities. (§ 2900.5, subd. (a); People v. Buckhalter (2001) 26 Cal.4th 20, 30 (Buckhalter) ["Everyone sentenced to prison for criminal conduct is entitled to credit against his [or her] term for all actual days of [presentence] confinement

solely attributable to the same conduct."].) Calculation of custody credit begins on the day of arrest and continues through the day of sentencing. (People v. Bravo (1990) 219 Cal.App.3d 729, 735.)

Under section 4019, a defendant may also earn "conduct credit" (also known as "good behavior" credits) against his or her sentence for good behavior (i.e., compliance with rules and regulations) and satisfactory performance of any labor assigned to him or her during presentence custody. (§ 4019, subds. (b), (c); People v. Dieck (2009) 46 Cal.4th 934, 939, fn. 3; Buckhalter, supra, 26 Cal.4th at p. 30.)

The California Supreme Court has explained that when a trial court imposes a sentence, it "has responsibility to calculate the exact number of days the defendant has been in custody 'prior to sentencing,' add applicable good behavior credits earned pursuant to section 4019, and reflect the total in the abstract of judgment." (Buckhalter, supra, 26 Cal.4th at p. 30.)

Amendments to Section 4019 Section 4019 has been amended in recent years, increasing or decreasing the rate at which defendants can earn conduct credits while in presentence custody. The convoluted history of these amendments, as pertinent here, was recently discussed in People v. Rajanayagam (2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 42 (Rajanayagam):

"Before January 25, 2010, under section 4019, defendants were entitled to one-for-

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