O'Neel v. USAA Insurance

2002 NMCA 028, 41 P.3d 356, 131 N.M. 630
CourtNew Mexico Court of Appeals
DecidedJanuary 16, 2002
DocketNo. 21,611
StatusPublished
Cited by33 cases

This text of 2002 NMCA 028 (O'Neel v. USAA Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
O'Neel v. USAA Insurance, 2002 NMCA 028, 41 P.3d 356, 131 N.M. 630 (N.M. Ct. App. 2002).

Opinion

OPINION

CASTILLO, Judge.

{1} Defendant (USAA) appeals the judgment entered in favor of Plaintiff (O’Neel) awarding damages and attorney fees for bad faith failure to pay a first party claim, breach of an insurance contract, and unfair insurance practices. USAA raises five issues on appeal. One issue challenges the jury’s verdict as inconsistent. One issue questions the validity of the district court’s award of attorney fees. Two issues object to the form of the special verdict and related jury instructions, and one issue seeks to assert a comparative fault defense to O’Neel’s bad faith claim. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

{2} Following the burglary of a house he was building near Tome, New Mexico, O’Neel submitted a claim under his USAA renter’s insurance policy. Under the terms of the policy, O’Neel was entitled to the replacement cost for personal property stolen in the burglary. Consequently, O’Neel submitted a claim to USAA requesting reimbursement in the amount $7052. USAA began an extensive investigation into O’Neel’s claim, which included two lengthy examinations of O’Neel under oath by USAA’s attorney. Based on its investigation and evaluation of O’Neel’s claim, USAA concluded that O’Neel overvalued the amount of his claim. Because of these ostensible overvaluations, USAA accused O’Neel of breaching the insurance contract by misrepresenting and concealing material facts and by failing to cooperate with the investigation. As a result, USAA denied O’Neel’s claim in its entirety.

{3} Upon receiving notice that USAA denied his claim, O’Neel instituted this action to recover damages for bad faith breach of an insurance contract and unfair insurance claims practices. The district court referred the action to court-annexed arbitration, and the arbitrator’s award in favor of USAA was ultimately appealed de novo to district court. A jury trial was held at which both sides presented evidence concerning the extent to which Plaintiff did or did not overvalue his claim and cooperate with USAA’s investigation. Both sides also presented evidence from experts in the field of insurance claims practices to give their opinions on the reasonableness of USAA’s claims handling practices. Although O’Neel valued his claim at over $7000, the jury awarded O’Neel only $2500 in compensatory damages. However, the jury also found that USAA breached the insurance contract in bad faith and engaged in unfair insurance practices. The jury, therefore, awarded O’Neel an additional $20,000 in punitive damages. In addition, the district court subsequently awarded O’Neel over $64,000 in attorney fees. USAA now appeals.

DISCUSSION

{4} As indicated above, USAA raises five issues on appeal, which challenge the consistency of the jury’s verdict, the propriety of the court’s attorney fees award, and the extent to which the district court’s jury instructions and special verdict form inadequately dealt with USAA’s defenses. We address each of USAA’s arguments in turn.

I. Inconsistent Verdict

{5} USAA argues that the district court erred by refusing to rectify what USAA perceives as an inconsistent jury verdict. O’Neel contends that USAA waived review of this issue on appeal because it failed to alert the district court to the alleged inconsistency before the jury was discharged. See G & G Serv., Inc. v. Agora Syndicate, Inc., 2000-NMCA-003, ¶¶ 41-42, 128 N.M. 434, 993 P.2d 751. In response, USAA maintains that it did not waive review of this issue because it did not have a fair opportunity to object before the jury was discharged. See Rule 12-216(A) NMRA 2001 (excusing absence of objection if party has no opportunity to object). In support of its position, USAA emphasizes that only three minutes elapsed from the time that the jury returned to the courtroom with its verdict until proceedings were concluded. However, during that time, the court read the special verdict in its entirety in a way that USAA should have realized the alleged inconsistency. The judge then polled the jurors and told them that their service was concluded, but asked them to wait in the jury room until he could talk to them. The court then instructed counsel on the preparation of the judgment and asked counsel if there was anything else, to which counsel for USAA answered in the negative. At this point, the jury was still available and USAA could have raised its issue and sought a cure for the inconsistency. Under the authority of G & G Services, Inc., USAA waived this issue. Even if we were to assume that USAA did raise a proper objection, for the reasons that follow we find no reversible error.

{6} USAA argues that it was inconsistent for the jury to find that USAA breached the insurance contract in bad faith and engaged in unfair claims practices while at the same time awarding O’Neel less in compensatory damages than he originally claimed. USAA notes that even though O’Neel submitted a theft claim to USAA for over $7000, the jury awarded O’Neel only $2500 in compensatory damages. USAA contends that the jury’s compensatory damages award implicitly acknowledged that O’Neel overvalued his claim. Thus, USAA reasons that it was inconsistent for the jury to find that USAA acted in bad faith in denying O’Neel’s claim. USAA, therefore, believes that the jury’s award of $20,000 in punitive damages to O’Neel must be vacated to cure the purported inconsistency in the jury’s verdict. See McLelland v. United Wis. Life Ins. Co., 1999-NMCA-055, ¶ 31, 127 N.M. 303, 980 P.2d 86; see also Paiz v. State Farm Fire & Cas. Co., 118 N.M. 203, 210-11, 880 P.2d 300, 307-08 (1994).

{7} In support of its argument, USAA cites to a number of out-of-state cases for the proposition that a claim of bad faith must fail as a matter of law when the insured engages in material misrepresentations during the claims process. However, USAA’s reliance on those cases is misplaced. Unlike the cases cited by USAA, there is a view of the evidence presented in this case from which the jury could reasonably and properly conclude that O’Neel did not engage in intentional misrepresentations but was entitled to less than the full amount of the claim he submitted to USAA and that USAA. nevertheless acted in bad faith during its handling of O’Neel’s claim for reasons other than its refusal to pay O’Neel’s claim in full. See Norwest Bank N.M. v. Chrysler Corp., 1999-NMCA-070, ¶ 22, 127 N.M. 397, 981 P.2d 1215 (recognizing that appellate standard of review requires appellate court to view evidence in light most favorable to support jury verdict rather than speculate on a theory of the evidence under which the jury may have been confused and reached its conclusions for the wrong reason).

{8} Although the jury awarded O’Neel less than what he originally claimed from USAA, the record reveals that the jury could have concluded that O’Neel’s overvaluation of the claim was the product of mistake and inadvertence, not intentional misrepresentations. See Eldin v. Farmers Alliance Mut. Ins. Co., 119 N.M. 370, 374, 890 P.2d 823, 827 (Ct.App. 1994) (recognizing that whether insured’s misstatements to insurer were product of fraud, or mistake and confusion, is question of fact for jury to resolve). For example, USAA places great weight on the fact that O’Neel claimed $1500 to replace a stolen stove that originally cost $185. However, O’Neel’s testimony suggested that he may have been confused about the meaning of his replacement cost policy.

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2002 NMCA 028, 41 P.3d 356, 131 N.M. 630, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/oneel-v-usaa-insurance-nmctapp-2002.