Ohio Casualty Insurance v. Weaver

15 Pa. D. & C.4th 100, 1992 Pa. Dist. & Cnty. Dec. LEXIS 219
CourtPennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, York County
DecidedJune 26, 1992
Docketno. 90-SU-05453-08
StatusPublished

This text of 15 Pa. D. & C.4th 100 (Ohio Casualty Insurance v. Weaver) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, York County primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ohio Casualty Insurance v. Weaver, 15 Pa. D. & C.4th 100, 1992 Pa. Dist. & Cnty. Dec. LEXIS 219 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1992).

Opinion

HORN, J.,

This matter is before the court on the plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment. For the reasons stated in this opinion, plaintiff’s motion is refused.

On April 16, 1988, the defendant was a passenger in an uninsured vehicle that was involved in a one-car accident. On June 14, 1990, defendant filed a claim with plaintiff, his insurance carrier, for uninsured motorist benefits. The plaintiff’s right of subrogation had already been lost because the two-year tort statute of limitations had expired.

Defendant claims that he did not file a claim sooner because he felt that the driver was judgment proof and because defendant did not know that he could recover from his own insurance carrier. Plaintiff denied defendant’s claim on August 15, 1990.

On November 28, 1990, plaintiff instituted a declaratory judgment action, seeking a determination that the policy issued to the defendant no longer provides uninsured motorists coverage for the loss that occurred on April 16, 1988, because plaintiff’s subrogation rights against the driver of the uninsured vehicle were barred. Plaintiff has filed a motion for summary judgment.

A motion for summary judgment should be granted where the whole record shows that there is no genuine [102]*102issue of material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Pa.R.C.P. 1035(b). The function of the court is not to decide issues of fact but to discern if such issues exist. Taylor v. Tukanowicz, 290 Pa. Super. 581, 586, 435 A.2d 181, 183 (1981). The moving party has the burden of proving that no genuine issue of material fact exists, and all doubts are to be resolved against the granting of summary judgment. Penn Center House Inc. v. Hoffman, 520 Pa. 171, 176, 553 A.2d 900, 903 (1989).

The issues are whether the defendant has materially breached the insurance contract, resulting in prejudice to the plaintiff, by: (1) failing to protect plaintiff’s subrogation rights when defendant did not notify plaintiff of the loss until more than two months after the two-year tort statute of limitations had run, and/or (2) failing to “promptly” notify plaintiff of the loss as required by the contract.

As to the first issue, both parties cite Boyle v. State Farm Auto. Insurance Co., 310 Pa. Super. 10, 456 A.2d 156 (1983), in which the court held that a claim for uninsured motorist benefits is governed by the six-year contract statute of limitations rather than the two-year tort statute of limitations. Boyle, supra, at 22, 456 A.2d at 162. In its discussion of the case, the court reasoned that in balancing the equities, the insurer’s interest in subrogation is not sufficient to mandate that the insured bring its uninsured motorist claim within the two-year tort statute of limitations. Id. at 17, 456 A.2d at 160. Following this line of reasoning, the insured may bring its uninsured motorist claim up to four years after the insurer’s right of subrogation has expired.

The plaintiff argues that an insured’s failure to protect an insurer’s subrogation rights is justifiable grounds for an insurer to deny uninsured motorist coverage to its in[103]*103sured. In support, plaintiff cites three cases, two of which are inapplicable because they involve third-party coverage rather than uninsured coverage. The third case cited by plaintiff is MacCurdy v. Erie Insurance Exchange, 138 Pitts. Leg. J. 285 (1990).

In MacCurdy, supra, the insurer denied the insured’s claim for uninsured motorist benefits and the court upheld the award of arbitrators in favor of the insurer. Before the two-year statute of limitations had run, the insurer notified the insured of the desirability of filing an action against the uninsured driver, but the insured never filed an action against the uninsured driver. The court found that the insured had failed to protect the insurer’s subrogation rights and reasoned as follows:

“Though Boyle clearly holds that the applicable statue of limitations in an action by the insured against his insurer is the six-year period associated with contracts, Boyle does not hold that an insurer may not require that its subrogation rights be protected throughout that six-year period.” 138 Pitts. Leg. J. at 286.

The defendant argues that plaintiff’s obligation to pay is contractual and that pursuant to Boyle, he is entitled to seek uninsured motorist benefits any time within the six-year contractual statute of limitations period, even if the insurer’s subrogation rights are prejudiced. The defendant factually distinguishes MacCurdy, supra, wherein the insurer specifically requested its insured to institute action against the uninsured motorist and the insured knowingly failed to do so.

We conclude, pursuant to Boyle, that the insured may make a claim for uninsured benefits after the two-year tort statute of limitations has passed, even though the insurer’s subrogation rights have been lost, unless the [104]*104insured knowingly prejudices the insurer’s subrogation rights such as in MacCurdy, supra.

In the present case, there is a factual question as to whether the defendant knowingly failed to protect plaintiff’s subrogation rights. Defendant avers that he did not know that he could recover from his own insurance carrier, and our experience indicates that many people do not really know of their right to collect uninsured motorist benefits from their own insurer. Defendant’s explanation is plausible and summary judgment is precluded.

With respect to the second issue, the insurance company must prove that the notice provision was breached because he failed to promptly notify the insurer of a claim and that the breach resulted in prejudice to the insurer’s position. Brakeman v. Potomac Insurance Co., 472 Pa. 66, 76-77, 371 A.2d 193, 198 (1977). Plaintiff argues that as a matter of law it has been prejudiced by defendant’s delayed notification of the claim.

In support of its position, plaintiff cites Metal Bank of America v. Insurance Co. of North America, 360 Pa. Super. 350, 520 A.2d 493 (1987), wherein the insured was notified in 1972 of the responsibility for an oil spill and negotiated with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency until 1980. The EPA brought suit in 1980 and the insured defended the suit for two years before finally notifying its insurer of the incident. The insured brought a declaratory judgment action against insurers seeking indemnification for costs, attorney fees, etc. arising from its defense of the action brought by the EPA. In granting summary judgment to insurers, the court held, as a matter of law, that there had been untimely notice and prejudice to the insurer. Metal Bank at 359, 520 A.2d at 498.

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Related

Taylor v. Tukanowicz
435 A.2d 181 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1981)
Metal Bank of America, Inc. v. Insurance Co. of North America
520 A.2d 493 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1987)
Boyle v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance
456 A.2d 156 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1983)
Penn Center House, Inc. v. Hoffman
553 A.2d 900 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1989)
Brakeman v. Potomac Insurance Co.
371 A.2d 193 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1977)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
15 Pa. D. & C.4th 100, 1992 Pa. Dist. & Cnty. Dec. LEXIS 219, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ohio-casualty-insurance-v-weaver-pactcomplyork-1992.