N.J.B. Security Services, Inc. v. National Union Fire Insurance

156 A.D.2d 646, 549 N.Y.S.2d 145, 1989 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 16429
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedDecember 26, 1989
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 156 A.D.2d 646 (N.J.B. Security Services, Inc. v. National Union Fire Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
N.J.B. Security Services, Inc. v. National Union Fire Insurance, 156 A.D.2d 646, 549 N.Y.S.2d 145, 1989 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 16429 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

In an action, inter alia, for a judgment declaring that the defendant National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, Pa., is obligated to defend the plaintiff under a contract of liability insurance, the plaintiff appeals, as limited by its brief, from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Westchester County (Ruskin, J.), entered December 9, 1988, as denied those branches of its motion which were for summary judgment declaring that the defendant National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, Pa., is obligated to defend under the contract, and for damages resulting from that defendant’s failure to defend; and the defendants cross-appealed from so much of the same order as denied their cross motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.

Ordered that the order is modified, on the law, by deleting the provision thereof which denied the plaintiffs motion for summary judgment and substituting therefor a provision granting the motion to the extent that it was for a declaration that the defendant National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, Pa., was obligated to defend under the contract and for an assessment of damages payable by that defendant; as so modified the order is affirmed insofar as appealed and cross-appealed from, with costs to the plaintiff, the action against the remaining defendant is severed, and the matter is remitted to the Supreme Court, Westchester County, for an evidentiary hearing to assess the amount of damages payable to the plaintiff by the defendant National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, Pa., and, thereafter, for entry of an appropriate judgment in accordance herewith.

At all relevant times, the plaintiff N.J.B. Security Services, Inc. (hereinafter N.J.B.), provided security services pursuant to a contract it had entered into with the Sheraton Inn (hereinafter the Sheraton), located near La Guardia Airport in Queens County. In August 1985, a bus was stolen from the [647]*647parking lot of the Sheraton. An action was subsequently commenced by the owner of the bus against the Sheraton in the Federal District Court for the Southern District of New York, in which it was alleged, inter alia, that the Sheraton was negligent in failing to provide adequate security with regard to the bus. On or about March 1, 1988, the Sheraton served a third-party summons and complaint on N.J.B. alleging that it had breached its contract by negligently failing to provide adequate security services. The Sheraton sought contribution and/or indemnification.

Thereafter, N.J.B. promptly notified its insurance broker of the litigation and the defendant National Union Fire Insurance Company was provided with a copy of the third-party complaint. The defendant American International Adjustment Company, Inc. (hereinafter American International), the "duly authorized representative” of National, investigated the claim and obtained extensions of N.J.B.’s time to answer in the underlying action. On or about May 18, 1988, N.J.B. received a letter from American International disclaiming coverage under the policy and refusing to defend the Federal action. The disclaimer referred to the allegations in the third-party complaint that the damages resulted from the theft of a bus and noted that coverage for theft was excluded under a "Security Guard Provision Program” endorsement to the policy. This endorsement provided, in pertinent part, that "no coverage shall be provided for theft, robbery, mysterious disappearance, inventory shortage or inventory shrinkage”.

Although the foregoing provision excludes coverage, inter alia, for "theft”, the policy also included a "Special Coverage Extension Endorsement”, for which N.J.B. paid additional premiums. The special endorsement deleted paragraph "K (3)” of the policy, which excluded coverage for damage to property in the "care, custody and control of the insured” and, in its place, substituted an endorsement entitled, "Errors and Omissions”, affording coverage for bodily injury, personal injury and property damage attributable to "negligent acts, errors or omissions committed or alleged to have been committed by or on behalf of the named insured, its employees or agents while acting solely within the course of [its] duties [as a] security service”. The policy also extended coverage to "all sums which the insured, by reason of contractual liability assumed * * * under any written contract * * * shall become legally obligated to pay as damages because of bodily injury or property damage”.

Following receipt of the disclaimer letter, N.J.B. commenced [648]*648this action. After issue was joined, the plaintiff N.J.B. and the defendants National and American International moved for summary judgment, which motions were denied. This appeal and cross appeal ensued. Subsequently, as set forth in N.J.B.’s brief, the Federal action was settled. N.J.B. has now advised this court, both in its brief and at oral argument, that since it was not required to contribute towards the foregoing settlement, the only question to be resolved on appeal is whether National breached its duty to defend causing it to incur damages. We answer the foregoing question in the affirmative and grant summary judgment to the plaintiff N.J.B. on that issue.

It is well settled that, "[wjhere an insurance policy includes the insurer’s promise to defend the insured against specified claims as well as to indemnify for actual liability, the insurer’s duty to furnish a defense is broader than its obligation to indemnify” (Seaboard Sur. Co. v Gillette Co., 64 NY2d 304, 310; see also, Ruder & Finn v Seaboard Sur. Co., 52 NY2d 663, 669; Sturges Mfg. Co. v Mutual Ins. Co., 37 NY2d 69, 72). Moreover, "[tjhe duty to defend arises whenever the allegations in a complaint against the insured fall within the scope of the risks undertaken by the insurer, regardless of how false or groundless these allegations might be” (Baron v Home Ins. Co., 112 AD2d 391, 392; see also, Seaboard Sur. Co. v Gillette Co., supra, at 310). We have observed that, " 'when the issue is the appropriate construction or interpretation to be placed upon an exclusionary clause in a policy, the carrier must establish that its construction or interpretation of the policy is the only construction that can fairly be placed thereon’ ” (Vinocur’s Inc. v CNA Ins. Cos., 132 AD2d 543, 544, quoting American Home Assur. Co. v Port Auth., 66 AD2d 269, 276; see also, York v Sterling Ins. Co., 114 AD2d 665, affd 67 NY2d 823; Sincoff v Liberty Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 11 NY2d 386).

Further, "[i]t is also well-settled law that if the insurer is to be relieved of a duty to defend, it must demonstrate that the allegations of the underlying complaint place that pleading solely and entirely within exclusions of the policy and that the allegations are subject to no other interpretation” (Baron v Home Ins. Co., supra, at 392; see, Vinocur’s Inc. v CNA Ins. Cos., 132 AD2d 543, supra). The defendant National has failed to discharge this burden.

A review of the third-party complaint in the Federal action discloses allegations by the Sheraton that the plaintiff N.J.B. failed to exercise due care in providing security services to the [649]*649Sheraton and that by so doing, the plaintiff breached a contract pursuant to which these security services were to be supplied. When measured against the foregoing allegations, it cannot be said that the relevant provisions of the policy clearly relieved the defendant of any duty to defend the plaintiff N.J.B. (see, National Cas. Ins. Co.

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Bluebook (online)
156 A.D.2d 646, 549 N.Y.S.2d 145, 1989 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 16429, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/njb-security-services-inc-v-national-union-fire-insurance-nyappdiv-1989.