Ladd, J.
1. Evidence: introduction of letters. On February 24, 1906, the German Savings Bank of Davenport, Iowa, convéyed the land in controversy to Frederick A. and Justin Ringler in consideration of $4,451.10. At that time it was worth $30 or $35 per acre. Though the petition alleges how the bank acquired the land, this was put in issue by the answer, and no evidence bearing thereon, -was introduced. The theory of the plaintiffs is that the consideration was advanced by the grantees for the benefit of and as a loan to their brother Peter Ringler, and that, though the legal title is in the grantees, Peter Ringler is the equitable owner of the land. The conveyance was in pursuance of a letter by Frederick A. and Justin Ringler to the bank in words following: ’ “ In reply to yours of the 11th inst., v7e hereby request you to make out all papers you hold- in connection with brother Peter Ringler, Dickinson county, Iowa, to Frederick A. Ringler and Justin Ringler, of New York. On receipt of said papers we will pay your claim.” Subsequently F. A. Ringler wrote to the bank for a detailed statement. One Robertson, cashier of the Lake Park Bank, of Dickinson county, Iowa, addressed a letter to the grantees, inquiring regarding this land and the price, and on the 10th day of August, 1903, received an answer saying: “In reply to yours of the 7th inst., 1 -wish to say that the farm that my brother Peter is living on is owned by him. We have, however, a mortgage against the farm which amounts (with interest to elate) to $4,832.62. [184] We have written brother Peter that, in case he will sell, that we are willing to take first mortgage for the amount of our claim, interest at 5 per cent., payable yearly.” This was signed by F. A. Eingler. The appellant insists that no proper foundation was laid for the introduction of this letter. It was in response to one addressed to the Einglers. Eobertson had been in correspondence with them before, and identified the signature by comparison with the letters previously received. It was admissible. Lyon v. Railway Co., 46 Iowa, 631; Davis v. Robinson, 67 Iowa, 355.
2. Same The appellant further contends that there is nothing to indicate that the above letter referred to the land in controversy. After Eobertson had testified that he was acquainted with this quarter section, he was asked whether he had written the letter to grantees concerning “'the tract of land just described and the price they held it at,” etc. “ Did you write such a letter ? ” and answered, “ Yes, sir; I wrote a letter something like that.” The witness, in characterizing what he wrote, evidently referred to the matter of price and the like, and not to the land. In the absence of anything to the contrary, we think that this evidence, in connection with the letter, sufficiently identified the property.
3. Evidence of ownership admissions. It is next urged that there was no evidence that Peter Eingler was the owner of the land, since it did not appear that he had paid anything for it, and no contract between him and the holders of the title was proven. . . .... ihe letter quoted contains an admission that he was the owner, and that his brothers merely held a mortgage, on which the amount mentioned was due. This, in the absence of any dispute, obviated the necessity of other proof. But appellants say that these were loose and unguarded admissions. We think them definite and certain, and -entitled to credit.
[185] 4. Same. [184] Again, it is said that there was no consideration as between Peter and his brothers, and that, as the contract [185] was not shown to have been written, it was within the statute of frauds. The details of the arrangement between Peter and his brothers do not appear; but the letter distinctly states the ultimate facts, and, if the arrangement was not such as to support the statements made in the letter, the knowledge of that fact was peculiarly in possession of the defendants, and, not having taken the trouble to explain, the court was not required to imagine circumstances which might obviate the effect of the plain admission of the party. The case of Dunn v. Zwilling, 94 Iowa, 233, is not in point.
5 Creditor's suit: pleadings: proof. It is urged that, as the deed was not from Peter Eingler, it could not be regarded as a mortgage. The terms of the contract existing between them were not proven, and, in view of the admission in this letter, it may be inferred that such an arrangement existed , between them as to constitute a mortgage. 11 the petition was demurrable, as contended, it is enough that no demurrer was filed, nor any motion in arrest of judgment; so it is too late to raise that question. See Linden v. Green, 81 Iowa, 365. However, the petition alleged that the brothers of Peter Eingler held this land as security for an indebtedness, the amount of which was unknown, and that he was the equitable owner of the property. This was sufficient, and, though much else was stated in the petition, only enough need have been proven to justify the relief granted.
It is next asserted that, as an admission will not operate to pass title, the proof was inadequate. It is not the admissipn, but the facts admitted, that is relied on to authorize the relief demanded. If Peter Eingler was owner, and defendants merely mortgagees, as stated in the letter, the land should be subjected to the payment of Peter’s debts. Counsel suggest that F. A. Eingler may have intended to-take title for the purpose of permitting Peter to buy the .land of him. Possibly; but there is no proof of this: [186] They further suggest that he may have intended to allow him the advantage of any sale that might have been made, lie might have had many schemes in mind, but unfortunately there is no proof of their existence. Enough is admitted, in connection with the circumstances proven, to justify the relief granted.
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Ladd, J.
1. Evidence: introduction of letters. On February 24, 1906, the German Savings Bank of Davenport, Iowa, convéyed the land in controversy to Frederick A. and Justin Ringler in consideration of $4,451.10. At that time it was worth $30 or $35 per acre. Though the petition alleges how the bank acquired the land, this was put in issue by the answer, and no evidence bearing thereon, -was introduced. The theory of the plaintiffs is that the consideration was advanced by the grantees for the benefit of and as a loan to their brother Peter Ringler, and that, though the legal title is in the grantees, Peter Ringler is the equitable owner of the land. The conveyance was in pursuance of a letter by Frederick A. and Justin Ringler to the bank in words following: ’ “ In reply to yours of the 11th inst., v7e hereby request you to make out all papers you hold- in connection with brother Peter Ringler, Dickinson county, Iowa, to Frederick A. Ringler and Justin Ringler, of New York. On receipt of said papers we will pay your claim.” Subsequently F. A. Ringler wrote to the bank for a detailed statement. One Robertson, cashier of the Lake Park Bank, of Dickinson county, Iowa, addressed a letter to the grantees, inquiring regarding this land and the price, and on the 10th day of August, 1903, received an answer saying: “In reply to yours of the 7th inst., 1 -wish to say that the farm that my brother Peter is living on is owned by him. We have, however, a mortgage against the farm which amounts (with interest to elate) to $4,832.62. [184] We have written brother Peter that, in case he will sell, that we are willing to take first mortgage for the amount of our claim, interest at 5 per cent., payable yearly.” This was signed by F. A. Eingler. The appellant insists that no proper foundation was laid for the introduction of this letter. It was in response to one addressed to the Einglers. Eobertson had been in correspondence with them before, and identified the signature by comparison with the letters previously received. It was admissible. Lyon v. Railway Co., 46 Iowa, 631; Davis v. Robinson, 67 Iowa, 355.
2. Same The appellant further contends that there is nothing to indicate that the above letter referred to the land in controversy. After Eobertson had testified that he was acquainted with this quarter section, he was asked whether he had written the letter to grantees concerning “'the tract of land just described and the price they held it at,” etc. “ Did you write such a letter ? ” and answered, “ Yes, sir; I wrote a letter something like that.” The witness, in characterizing what he wrote, evidently referred to the matter of price and the like, and not to the land. In the absence of anything to the contrary, we think that this evidence, in connection with the letter, sufficiently identified the property.
3. Evidence of ownership admissions. It is next urged that there was no evidence that Peter Eingler was the owner of the land, since it did not appear that he had paid anything for it, and no contract between him and the holders of the title was proven. . . .... ihe letter quoted contains an admission that he was the owner, and that his brothers merely held a mortgage, on which the amount mentioned was due. This, in the absence of any dispute, obviated the necessity of other proof. But appellants say that these were loose and unguarded admissions. We think them definite and certain, and -entitled to credit.
[185] 4. Same. [184] Again, it is said that there was no consideration as between Peter and his brothers, and that, as the contract [185] was not shown to have been written, it was within the statute of frauds. The details of the arrangement between Peter and his brothers do not appear; but the letter distinctly states the ultimate facts, and, if the arrangement was not such as to support the statements made in the letter, the knowledge of that fact was peculiarly in possession of the defendants, and, not having taken the trouble to explain, the court was not required to imagine circumstances which might obviate the effect of the plain admission of the party. The case of Dunn v. Zwilling, 94 Iowa, 233, is not in point.
5 Creditor's suit: pleadings: proof. It is urged that, as the deed was not from Peter Eingler, it could not be regarded as a mortgage. The terms of the contract existing between them were not proven, and, in view of the admission in this letter, it may be inferred that such an arrangement existed , between them as to constitute a mortgage. 11 the petition was demurrable, as contended, it is enough that no demurrer was filed, nor any motion in arrest of judgment; so it is too late to raise that question. See Linden v. Green, 81 Iowa, 365. However, the petition alleged that the brothers of Peter Eingler held this land as security for an indebtedness, the amount of which was unknown, and that he was the equitable owner of the property. This was sufficient, and, though much else was stated in the petition, only enough need have been proven to justify the relief granted.
It is next asserted that, as an admission will not operate to pass title, the proof was inadequate. It is not the admissipn, but the facts admitted, that is relied on to authorize the relief demanded. If Peter Eingler was owner, and defendants merely mortgagees, as stated in the letter, the land should be subjected to the payment of Peter’s debts. Counsel suggest that F. A. Eingler may have intended to-take title for the purpose of permitting Peter to buy the .land of him. Possibly; but there is no proof of this: [186] They further suggest that he may have intended to allow him the advantage of any sale that might have been made, lie might have had many schemes in mind, but unfortunately there is no proof of their existence. Enough is admitted, in connection with the circumstances proven, to justify the relief granted.
6. Tenants incommon: . liability of one otherCts of the The most serious contention of appellants is that the letter signed by F. A. Ringler would not bind his brother Justin. And it must be held that there is nothing in the record to connect him with the writing of this letter, and, as the conveyance was to # ° and Frederick A. Ringler as tenants in common, the admission of the latter as to the nature of the deed, or of their relations with Peter Ringler, were not binding on Justin. Appellees argue that, as the latter was received without objection, the point cannot be raised. An objection would have been unavailing, as the letter in any event was admissible against F. A. Ringler, and, upon showing of his authority to speak for Justin, might have’ been received against the latter. But no such authority was shown. It is true that F. A. Ringler had written to different persons concerning the land; but no proof of his agency therein for Justin was introduced, nor is the latter connected with any of the transactions, save that both signed the letter requesting the papers when the land was conveyed to them, and both advanced the taxes. It is said that Justin did not pay any part of the consideration, and hence was but a nominal party. The conveyance was made to both in response to the letter first .quoted from both, and upon payment of money both had promised. Thereafter F. A. Ringler asked for the items making up the consideration covered by his check; but this was subsequent to' the delivery of the deed, and what he wrote in regard to the payment was not binding on the other tenant in common. The writing imported a consideration, and, as we discover no evidence against Justin, the decree, in so [187] far as it subjects his undivided one-half of the land to the payment of the judgments, must be reversed.
The decree, while declaring the claims of defendants but a mortgage, required the grantees to account for rents. They were not shown to have been.in possession, or even to have received rents. The nearest to proof was the evidence of a witness who said he began to act as agent for them five or six years previous. If he ever rented the land, or collected any rents for them, the record does not disclose the fact; and as, under our statute, the mortgagor is entitled to possession, the court erred in crediting any amount as for rents and profits received on the indebtedness to defendants. The decree against Justin Ringler in each case is revered, and modified as to the other defendant.— Reversed in part; modified and affirmed in part.