New Jersey Division of Youth & Family Services v. E.B.

623 A.2d 1379, 264 N.J. Super. 1, 1993 N.J. Super. LEXIS 117
CourtNew Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division
DecidedApril 1, 1993
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 623 A.2d 1379 (New Jersey Division of Youth & Family Services v. E.B.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
New Jersey Division of Youth & Family Services v. E.B., 623 A.2d 1379, 264 N.J. Super. 1, 1993 N.J. Super. LEXIS 117 (N.J. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

The opinion of the court was delivered by

MICHELS, P.J.A.D.

Somerset-Sussex Legal Services (Legal Services) appeals from an order of the Chancery Division, Family Part, that directed it to pay the balance of the court appointed expert’s fee incurred in representing defendant E.B. in this custody action instituted by the Division of Youth and Family Services (Division).

The Division sought temporary custody of E.B.’s minor son, R.J.B., because of E.B.’s history of mental illness and suicide attempts. The action was instituted under the provisions of N.J.S.A. 9:6-8.21 to 8.73, N.J.S.A. 30:4C-12 and R. 5:12-1 to 5. The trial court ordered E.B. to show cause why custody of R.J.B. should not be given to the Division and directed E.B. to undergo a psychological examination. Subsequently, D.W., E.B.’s boyfriend, was named as a defendant. E.B. sought legal representation from Legal Services, who determined that E.B. was financially eligible for representation and accepted her as a client. D.W., who was also financially eligible for legal representation from Legal Services, chose to appear pro se.

Legal Services apparently objected to Dr. Philip Witt’s psychological examination of E.B. because of Dr. Witt’s affiliation with Psychological Associates, an organization with which the Division maintains a contract. Legal Services argued that E.B. had a right to an independent expert. Although the record is not entirely clear as to whether Legal Services suggested an alternative expert or suggested someone who was unacceptable to the Division, the parties could not agree on who should perform the evaluations. [4]*4As a result, and apparently at the behest of Legal Services, the trial court appointed Dr. Valerie Adams to evaluate both E.B. and D.W. The total cost of Dr. Adams’ evaluations was $1,500—more than twice that ordinarily paid by the Division or the Public Advocate, Office of the Public Defender (Public Defender).1 The Division was ordered and agreed to pay $350 for each evaluation in accordance with its usual practice. Legal Services was required to pay the balance. The trial court, however, reserved to Legal Services the right to request that the Division pay the full cost of both evaluations.

Subsequently, the trial court transferred custody of R.J.B. from the Division back to E.B., subject to the Division’s supervision and directed that the matter be reviewed within two months. Legal Services then moved to compel either the Division or the Public Defender, who represented the infant R.J.B. as Law Guardian, to pay the balance of Dr. Adams’ fee. The Division argued that its funds were limited and, therefore, it should not bear the entire cost of the expert’s fee. The Public Defender argued that it was not obligated to pay for expert fees unless it represented the party requiring the expert’s services. Legal Services admitted that it was responsible for the litigation expenses of its client, E.B. However, it argued that such litigation expenses are limited to ordinary expenses such as subpoena attendance and subpoena service fees or judgment searches, and that the $800 balance of Dr. Adams’ expert fee was not an ordinary litigation expense. Legal Services also argued that it would be unreasonable to expect it to spend over one-third of its $2,220 1991 budget on a single client. In sum, Legal Services argued that holding it responsible for the entire $800 balance of the expert’s fee would “severely restrict a client’s right to counsel.”

[5]*5The trial court held that Legal Services was responsible to pay the balance of Dr. Adams’ fee for the court-ordered psychological evaluations of E.B. and D.W. and directed the Public Defender to contribute $350 toward the fee, reasoning in part, as follows:

The issue presented in this ease is: If the defendant requests the services of an expert and the defendant is indigent, who bears the burden of paying the fees for said experts?
The Court has reviewed the parties’ briefs and finds that the Legal Services Corporation must pay the remaining portion of the expert’s services provided to the defendant.
It is the understanding of this Court that Legal Services Corporation may have a limited budget but finds it is the defendant’s obligation to pay said fee.
Further, it is also this Court’s understanding that the Office of the Public Defender shall contribute a portion of said fee. This Court notes that the defendants are entitled to have experts testify in their own accord or to be evaluated by experts. The defendant’s obligation to pay said fee stems from the fact that the Office of the Public Defender is not obligated to pay said fee as the defendants are represented by a Legal Services program which has funds, albeit limited funds, to pay said fee, and, most importantly, the defendants are not represented by the Office of the Public Defender.
Further, the defendants were able to, quote, retain, unquote, competent counsel through Legal Services. Said Legal Services are equipped to provide all of the necessary expenses of representation. See New Jersey Statutes 2A:158A-14A and H.
Therefore, this Court directs the Office of the Public Defender to contribute $350 towards the total cost of the expert fees with the Legal Services Corporation contributing tor the remaining expenses.

Although the trial court’s oral opinion directed the Public Defender to pay $350 of the remaining balance of Dr. Adams’ fee, the order entered by the trial court required Legal Services to pay the entire balance of $800.2 Legal Services appealed.

Legal Services contends that the Public Defender is solely responsible for paying expert fees for indigent parents, such as its client, E.B., in the custody proceeding brought under N.J.S.A. 9:6-8.21 to 8.73 and N.J.S.A. 30:40-12. It specifically disclaims [6]*6the Division’s responsibility for any additional costs relating to Dr. Adams’ evaluations of E.B. and D.W.

It is fundamental that “indigent parents who are subjected to proceedings which may result in either temporary loss of custody or permanent loss of parental rights have a constitutional right to appointed counsel.” In re Guardianship of Dotson, 72 N.J. 112, 123, 367 A.2d 1160 (1976); Crist v. New Jersey Div. of Youth & Family Servs., 135 N.J.Super. 573, 575, 343 A.2d 815 (App.Div.1975). “Simple justice demands nothing less in light of the magnitude of the consequences involved.” Crist v. New Jersey Div. of Youth & Family Servs., supra, 135 N.J.Super. at 575, 343 A.2d 815. Accord Division of Youth & Family Servs. v. D.C., 118 N.J. 388, 395, 571 A.2d 1295 (1990).

Recognizing this important fundamental right to counsel, our Legislature determined that indigent parents' or guardians have a right to representation in abuse and neglect proceedings through the Department of the Public Advocate. N.J.S.A

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Related

New Jersey Division of Child Protection and Permanency
149 A.3d 816 (New Jersey Superior Court App Division, 2016)
New Jersey Division of Youth & Family v. E.B. & D.W.
644 A.2d 1093 (Supreme Court of New Jersey, 1994)
Wolfson v. Bonello
637 A.2d 173 (New Jersey Superior Court App Division, 1994)

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Bluebook (online)
623 A.2d 1379, 264 N.J. Super. 1, 1993 N.J. Super. LEXIS 117, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/new-jersey-division-of-youth-family-services-v-eb-njsuperctappdiv-1993.