Nedder v. Knapp Shoes, Inc.

590 N.E.2d 713, 32 Mass. App. Ct. 462, 1992 Mass. App. LEXIS 415
CourtMassachusetts Appeals Court
DecidedApril 28, 1992
DocketNo. 90-P-848
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 590 N.E.2d 713 (Nedder v. Knapp Shoes, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Appeals Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Nedder v. Knapp Shoes, Inc., 590 N.E.2d 713, 32 Mass. App. Ct. 462, 1992 Mass. App. LEXIS 415 (Mass. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

Fine, J.

When the plaintiff, J. Richard Nedder, was sixty years of age, with a successful career in the shoe business behind him, he entered upon employment with the defendant, Knapp Shoes, Inc. (Knapp), a major shoe retailer, distributor, and manufacturer. In the course of negotiations for that employment, he expressed an interest in buying stock in Knapp, a closely held corporation. Nedder and Knapp signed [463]*463an agreement on July 25, 1986, for Nedder to be employed for a five-year period as senior vice president in charge of sales and marketing at an annual salary of $145,000. The agreement provided as follows with respect to the purchase of stock:

“Stock: The Employee agrees that, simultaneous with the execution of this Agreement, he will purchase 120,000 shares of the Corporation’s common stock at a purchase price of One and 10/100 ($1.10) Dollar per share and the Corporation agrees to sell such shares to Employee. The Employee agrees that these shares are subject to the Voting Trust Agreement dated as of April 24, 1985. . . .
“Upon the Employee’s death or termination of employment, he, or his estate, shall sell the Employee’s shares to the Corporation pursuant to the terms of the Management Ownership Agreement ....
“The Corporation shall, in the event of a sale of the Employee’s shares to the Corporation during the term of this Agreement as a result of the Employee’s death or the Employee’s written request on or before July 1, 1991 that the Corporation purchase such shares on July 31, 199i, purchase the shares from the Employee or his estate for a sum equal to the greater of a) $1.10, $1.23, $1.38, $1.55, $1.73, $1.94 per share for the 12 months ending 7/31/86 through 7/31/91 respectively multiplied by the number of shares sold or b) the book value per share multiplied by the number of shares sold. The minimum purchase price shall terminate upon the expiration of the Agreement.”

The “Voting Trust Agreement,” referred to in Nedder’s employment contract, restricted shareholders’ voting rights. The “Management Ownership Agreement” (MOA), also referred to, restricted the right of shareholders to alienate their stock, and it set forth a procedure for the corporation in the first instance, and then the other shareholders, to exercise an option to purchase shares at book value upon the death or ter[464]*464mination of employment of a shareholder. The MOA provided, further, that “[a]ny purchase of stock by the Corporation hereunder shall be solely out of legally available surplus.”

Knapp’s directors approved Nedder’s employment contract and the sale to him of 120,000 shares of Knapp stock for $132,000. Nedder thereupon purchased the stock and undertook his employment responsibilities. On August 18, 1987, Nedder was promoted to the position of president and chief operating officer. The employment agreement was amended to reflect his new duties and an increase in his salary to $165,000. In November of 1987, he purchased an additional 12,621 shares for which he paid $19,436.34. Between April and May of 1989, the chairman of Knapp’s board and its major stockholder sought Nedder’s retirement. Thereafter, Nedder was prevented from performing the duties of his office. The present suit for breach of contract was brought on June 21, 1989. Nedder sought damages based upon lost salary and benefits for the remainder of the five-year term and for Knapp’s refusal, presumably blamed on Knapp’s financial condition, to repurchase his stock. As an alternative to recovering damages for the refusal to repurchase his stock, he sought specific performance of the stock repurchase provision.

After a jury-waived trial in December of 1989, the judge found that there had been a breach of the employment contract. He ordered that the defendant continue to pay Nedder’s salary and benefits through July of 1991 in accordance with the contract,1 but he denied Nedder any relief based upon the stock purchase agreement. With respect to the stock, the judge reasoned: first, that, even if Nedder had the right to have Knapp repurchase his stock at the prices stated in the agreement, that right would exist only if Nedder made a written request of the corporation to that effect on July 31, 1991, and Nedder had not done so; second, that the obliga[465]*465tion to repurchase the stock would exist only on July 31, 1991, and not at the time of trial in December of 1989; and third, that, according to the MOA, any purchase of stock by the corporation had to be out of “legally available surplus,” and it was unlikely that Knapp would have any such surplus on July 31, 1991.

Nedder’s appeal focuses on the stock repurchase agreement in relation to the 120,000 shares originally purchased. His claim for damages for lost salary and benefits is now moot. As to the subsequent stock purchase he made in November of 1987, the judge found that it was not subject to the employment agreement, and Nedder does not argue on appeal that that conclusion was erroneous.

Nedder contends that his employment contract entitled him to have Knapp repurchase the 120,000 shares on July 31, 1991, at the price set forth in the agreement. Thus, as a remedy for the breach of the employment contract, he claims he was entitled to recover damages based either upon the value of that repurchase right, determined as of the date of the breach, or his expenditures for the stock in reliance on the contract. Knapp, on the other hand, argues that Nedder’s rights are defined in the MOA under which Knapp, first, and then its shareholders, would have an option, but not an obligation, to purchase the stock, and to do so at no more than book value. Further, under the MOA, Knapp contends, any purchase of stock would have to be out of “legally available surplus,” and the judge, without defining the phrase, found there was none. The phrase, “legally available surplus,” is susceptible of several possible interpretations, but on appeal the plaintiff neither offers a discussion of its meaning, nor argues that the judge’s finding that there was no such surplus is clearly erroneous. Thus, unless a sale by Nedder under the minimum price clause of his employment contract would not have been a sale pursuant to the MOA, we would affirm the decision denying him damages.

We reject Knapp’s argument that the MOA precludes Nedder’s right to damages. It is true that the employment contract, drafted by Nedder’s attorney, refers to the MOA. [466]*466The two documents must be read together in a sensible way, however, to give effect to the intention of the parties. See Chelsea Indus., Inc. v. Florence, 358 Mass. 50, 55 (1970); Gilmore v. Century Bank & Trust Co., 20 Mass. App. Ct. 49, 56 (1985); Chase Commercial Corp. v. Owen, ante 248, 250-251 (1992).

The employment agreement bound Nedder generally to sell the stock upon his death or termination “pursuant to the terms of the [MOA].” A separate clause in the employment contract, however, sets forth his right, in two limited situations, to sell his stock to the corporation at certain stated minimum prices even if the prices should happen to exceed book value. One situation is his death during the term of the contract. The other is by requesting in writing no later than July 1, 1991, that Knapp repurchase his shares, on July 31, 1991.

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Bluebook (online)
590 N.E.2d 713, 32 Mass. App. Ct. 462, 1992 Mass. App. LEXIS 415, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/nedder-v-knapp-shoes-inc-massappct-1992.