Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. New York City Department of Sanitation

214 A.D.2d 41, 631 N.Y.S.2d 10, 1995 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8741
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedAugust 17, 1995
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 214 A.D.2d 41 (Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. New York City Department of Sanitation) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. New York City Department of Sanitation, 214 A.D.2d 41, 631 N.Y.S.2d 10, 1995 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8741 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

Nardelli, J.

Petitioners originally brought this proceeding to compel respondents’ compliance with the provisions of Local Laws, 1989, No. 19 of the City of New York, the New York City Recycling Law (Administrative Code of City of NY § 16-301 et seq.), which generally required the Department of Sanitation to establish a comprehensive recycling program for the City of New York and authorizes the promulgation of regulations to implement such a program. We affirmed the prior judgment of the Supreme Court granting petitioners’ application (188 AD2d 415) and ordering respondents to comply with certain provisions of Local Law No. 19, and, thereafter, the Court of Appeals modified this Court’s order only to the extent of remitting the matter to the Supreme Court for further proceedings, "to reset the timetables, at least some of which have lapsed during the pendency of this litigation” (83 NY2d 215, 220).

The petitioners and respondents conferred with the Supreme Court regarding the development of a revised judgment that would contain new timetables for the City’s compliance. The parties also discussed issues with respect to the City’s compliance with some of the provisions, and thereafter, the court issued a revised judgment resetting timetables and retaining provisions of the original judgment but also adapting and adding provisions to that judgment.

We modify the revised judgment to delete those portions which exceed the scope of the remittitur of the Court of Appeals and which were not agreed to by both parties.

It has been held, "the remittitur is the mandate of the Court of Appeals which must be strictly followed” (Eikenberry [43]*43v Adirondack Spring Water Co., 148 AD2d 664, 665, lv dismissed 74 NY2d 842, 76 NY2d 935). If the respondents herein (or petitioners) "were uncertain as to the effect to be given the language employed by the Court of Appeals, the remedy was an application to that court” (supra, at 665).

Eikenberry was, however, a case at law, and in equity cases, such as the case herein, the Court of Appeals has held adapting relief to "the exigencies of new conditions” does not constitute nullification of a remittitur (Rudiger v Coleman, 228 NY 225, 233). "It is also well settled that, while upon the remission the Special Term is powerless to change the remittitur, nevertheless, in order to avoid an obviously unjust result it may mold its procedure and adapt its relief to the exigencies of any new facts or conditions which were not before the Court of Appeals when it made its original determination and entered its remittitur.” (Matter of Altimari v Meisser, 23 AD2d 672, 675.) The court in equity matters, therefore, has discretion to adapt relief on remittitur to effectively enforce the mandate of an appellate court in light of changed circumstances.

As to the matters upon which both petitioners and respondents herein were in agreement, the court should have revised its original judgment, to "adapt its relief to the exigencies” of the "new facts or conditions which were not before the Court of Appeals” (supra, at 675), and we find that not to do so was an abuse of discretion. The compromises reached by the parties inter se recognized that, since the inception of the proceeding, there had been significant changes which included the completed performance by the City of some of the provisions in the original judgment. Accordingly, the IAS Court in the revised judgment should have incorporated these mutually agreed-upon changes in the judgment. "The parties to a lawsuit are free to chart their own course at the trial (Stevenson v. News Syndicate Co., 302 N.Y. 81) and may fashion the basis upon which a particular controversy will be resolved” (Cullen v Naples, 31 NY2d 818, 820).

In contrast to these proper changes, other additions and changes to the original judgment, which were concerned with issues contested by the parties on the remittitur, were, in view of the circumstances surrounding the "hearings”, improper. Neither the petitioners nor respondents made a motion requesting supplemental relief, unlike the parties in Rudiger v Coleman (supra). In addition, the court at the first "hearing” stated: "This is a conference” and later noted "this is not [44]*44advocacy or adverse, we are trying to narrow the issues as much as possible during this conference. That’s the only purpose. We are not here to receive adverse arguments, we want to assist you in fulfilling your obligations by narrowing the issues”. Thereafter, at another session, the court noted "this is not a formal judicial proceeding. This is a conference that was granted by this Court upon the request [of counsel for petitioners] * * * This was done with the complete approval of the Respondent City and The Department of Sanitation. I have conducted a very informal proceeding”. Clearly, therefore, upon these facts, the court should not have amended the original judgment except to the extent agreed to by the parties themselves.

Pursuant to section 16-311 (b), the Recycling Law requires the City’s Commissioner of the Department of Sanitation to "establish or ensure that there exists at least one buy-back center in each borough”. Moreover, the statute provides that "[f]or economic development purposes, these buy-back centers shall be sited so that they are accessible to all residents, including residents of low income neighborhoods”.

The original judgment contains a paragraph which includes a requirement that the City issue requests for proposals or bids for the establishment or support of buy-back centers and award contracts for those facilities. In the supplemental proceedings, petitioners conceded that the City had issued a list of numerous facilities in all boroughs, which buy and accept recyclable materials from the public and which are accessible to low income neighborhoods. Consequently, both the petitioners and the respondents agreed that the court should delete this paragraph from the revised judgment, but the court refused. Accordingly, the provision in the revised judgment which retains the requirement that the City issue and award contracts based on requests for proposals or bids for buy-back centers is stricken. Further, the court added a sentence which was not in the original judgment that respondents "shall submit to the petitioners, Mayor’s Office and City Council documentation that existing public and private recycling centers have the combined capacity to process all the material required to be recycled pursuant to Section 16-305”. This tracked the language of the statute which permits utilization by the Commissioner of less than the required 10 centers "if the recycling centers have the combined capacity to process all the material required to be recycled pursuant to section 16-305 of this chapter” (Administrative Code § 16-311 [a]). While, [45]*45as noted, the sentence is an extension of the statute and does not appear to affect substantial rights of either party, it was not agreed upon by the parties and was not in the original judgment, and, therefore, is also stricken.

Section 16-311 (a) requires that the Commissioner of Sanitation "within eighteen months of the effective date of this chapter, develop and establish or support the development and establishment of not less than ten recycling centers”, which shall be "of sufficient size and number to provide for the recycling of all recyclable materials” that Sanitation must collect and recycle under section 16-305.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
214 A.D.2d 41, 631 N.Y.S.2d 10, 1995 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8741, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/natural-resources-defense-council-inc-v-new-york-city-department-of-nyappdiv-1995.