National Labor Relations Board v. Orange County Publications

27 F. App'x 64
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit
DecidedNovember 20, 2001
DocketDocket No. 01-4040
StatusPublished

This text of 27 F. App'x 64 (National Labor Relations Board v. Orange County Publications) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
National Labor Relations Board v. Orange County Publications, 27 F. App'x 64 (2d Cir. 2001).

Opinion

SUMMARY ORDER

AFTER ARGUMENT AND UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that the petition for enforcement is GRANTED.

Pursuant to 29 U.S.C. § 160(e), Petitioner National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB” or “Board”) applies for enforcement of its decision and order finding that Respondent Orange County Publications (“OCP”) violated sections 8(a)(1) and (5) of the National Labor Relations Act (“NLRA” or “Act”), 29 U.S.C. §§ 158(a)(1) and (5), by refusing to bargain with Local 1120, Communications Workers of America, AFL-CIO (the “Union”). OCP admits its refusal to bargain with the Union, but argues that its failure to do so does not violate the Act because the Union was improperly certified by the NLRB as the result of an underlying representation case [66]*66(Board Case No. 34-RC-1539). We grant the petition.

BACKGROUND:

OCP publishes and circulates The Times-Herald Record, a daily community newspaper, in Middletown, New York. In the fall of 1997, the newspaper employed 61 full-time and regular part-time bulk newspaper delivery drivers, none of whom belonged to a union. The union sought to change this and began an organizational drive which culminated in the filing of a representation petition on February 2, 1998, seeking NLRB certification as the drivers’ exclusive bargaining agent. In a subsequent mail ballot election, the Union was defeated: the final tally had 14 drivers for unionization and 45 against, with 2 voided ballots.

The Union immediately contested the results, filing ten objections (two of which were soon withdrawn) with the NLRB. The Union based its objections in part upon a pre-election group meeting held by James Moss, the newspaper’s publisher, and attended by 22 of the drivers. Specifically, the Union charged that some of Moss’s comments at the meeting contained threats of reprisal in violation of section 8(a)(1) of the Act.

The hearing officer appointed to adjudicate the case found that several statements attributed to Moss had compromised the election’s integrity, and sustained the first two of the Union’s eight remaining objections. In upholding the first objection, the Hearing Officer found that Moss had made an “implied threat to job security;” in upholding the second, she found an “objectionable statement about the futility of bargaining.” Both these findings were based in large part on a Union supporter’s surreptitious audiotaping of the speech and a transcript of that tape prepared by a stenographer the Union hired.

The OCP responded by filing exceptions with the Board charging that 1) the Hearing Officer had abused her discretion in allowing the tape and transcript to be entered into evidence, and 2) that even if the tape and transcript were properly considered, her conclusions about the significance of Moss’s statements were erroneous because those statements constituted legitimate commentary regarding the likely consequences of unionization under the rule of NLRB v. Gissel Packing Co., 395 U.S. 575, 618-19, 89 S.Ct. 1918, 23 L.Ed.2d 547 (1969). In a 2-1 decision, the Board upheld the hearing officer’s findings and recommendations and ordered that the election results be set aside and a second election be conducted. The Board certified the Union as the drivers’ exclusive collective bargaining representative on November 18, 1998, eight days after the Union won the second election.

Because that decision ordering the second election was not appealable prior to the election, OCP refused to bargain with the Union in order to perfect the issue for appeal. In response, the Union filed an unfair labor practice charge alleging that OCP had violated sections 8(a)(1) and (5) of the NLRA by refusing to bargain with the Union and refusing to provide the Union with reasonable access to its facility following the Union’s certification. The Board’s General Counsel then issued a complaint based on the Union’s allegations on February 9, 1999, and filed a motion for summary judgment, OCP filed its response, the Board granted the motion and this appeal followed after OCP refused to adhere to the Board’s order.

DISCUSSION

A. Standard of Review

As the unfair labor practice order at issue is predicated in large part on findings made in the underlying representa[67]*67tion case discussed above we review the merits of that decision pursuant to 29 U.S.C. § 159(d). See Boire v. Greyhound Corp., 376 U.S. 473, 477-79, 84 S.Ct. 894, 11 L.Ed.2d 849 (1964).

We have traditionally applied a tripartite standard of review when considering issues arising under the NLRA. Questions of fact must be supported by “substantial evidence” in light of the record as a whole. See NLRA §§ 10(e) & (f), 29 U.S.C. §§ 160(e) & (f); Elec. Contractors v. NLRB, 245 F.3d 109, 116 (2d Cir. 2001). Under this standard, “reversal based on a factual question will only be warranted if, after looking at the record as a whole, we are left with the impression that no rational trier of fact could reach the conclusion drawn by the Board.” NLRB v. Katz’s Delicatessen, 80 F.3d 755, 763 (1996) (internal quotation marks omitted). Similarly, the Board’s legal conclusions must only have a “reasonable basis in law.” AT&T v. NLRB, 67 F.3d 446, 451 (2d Cir.1995). Mixed questions of law and fact are reviewed de novo, though we “defer to the Board’s decision when there appears to be more than one reasonable resolution and the Board has adopted one of these.” Sheridan Manor Nursing Home, Inc. v. NLRB, 225 F.3d 248, 252 (2d Cir.2000), citing Beverly Enters., Inc. v. NLRB, 139 F.3d 135, 140 (2d Cir.1998).

While all three of these standards entail a significant degree of deference, Board decisions regarding the conduct of representation elections are typically reviewed in a particularly relaxed manner. See NLRB v. Olson Bodies, Inc., 420 F.2d 1187, 1189 (2d Cir. 1970); see also Contech Div., SPX Corp. v. NLRB, 164 F.3d 297, 305 (6th Cir. 1998). The Board, unlike the judicial branch, possesses substantial expertise in the supervision of elections, and is thus accorded “broad discretion to determine whether the circumstances of an election come sufficiently close to laboratory conditions so that employees can exercise free choice in deciding whether to select the Union as their representative.” Amalgamated Servs. v. NLRB, 815 F.2d 225, 227 (2d Cir.1987). Finally, a divided Board’s decision may often be accorded slightly less deference by this court. See Nat’l Mar. Union of Am. v. NLRB, 867 F.2d 767, 772 (2d Cir.1989).

B.

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27 F. App'x 64, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/national-labor-relations-board-v-orange-county-publications-ca2-2001.