Najia Rahmani v. Capital One Bank

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
• Decided: March 31, 2025
• Docket: 24-2190
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

USCA4 Appeal: 24-2190 Doc: 14 Filed: 03/31/2025 Pg: 1 of 2

UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

No. 24-2190

NAJIA RAHMANI,

Plaintiff - Appellant,

v.

CAPITAL ONE BANK, Headquarters,

Defendant - Appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria. Rossie David Alston, Jr., District Judge. (1:24-cv-02050-RDA-IDD)

Submitted: March 27, 2025 Decided: March 31, 2025

Before THACKER and BERNER, Circuit Judges, and KEENAN, Senior Circuit Judge.

Dismissed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

Najia Rahmani, Appellant Pro Se. Jonathan Matthew DeMars, Jonathan S. Hubbard, TROUTMAN PEPPER LOCKE LLP, Richmond, Virginia, for Appellee.

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. USCA4 Appeal: 24-2190 Doc: 14 Filed: 03/31/2025 Pg: 2 of 2

PER CURIAM:

Najia Rahmani seeks to appeal the district court’s order dismissing her civil

complaint without prejudice. The court’s order afforded Rahmani leave to correct the

deficiencies it identified and file an amended complaint.

This court may exercise jurisdiction only over final orders, 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and

certain interlocutory and collateral orders, 28 U.S.C. § 1292; Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b); Cohen

v. Beneficial Indus. Loan Corp., 337 U.S. 541, 545-47 (1949). “[A]n order that dismisses

a complaint with leave to amend is not a final decision because it means that the district

court is not finished with the case.” Britt v. DeJoy, 45 F.4th 790, 793 (4th Cir. 2022) (en

banc) (citing Jung v. K. & D. Min. Co., 356 U.S. 335, 336-37 (1958)). If Rahmani wishes

to appeal from this order, she must first “waive her right to amend the complaint by

requesting that the district court take further action to finalize its decision,” Britt, 45 F.4th

at 796 (citing Jung, 356 U.S. at 337), and she “must obtain an additional, final decision

from the district court finalizing its judgment,” id. at 797. Because Rahmani has not done

so, the order she seeks to appeal is neither a final order nor an appealable interlocutory or

collateral order.

Accordingly, we deny Rahmani’s motions for default judgment and dismiss this

appeal for lack of jurisdiction. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal

contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this court and argument would

not aid the decisional process.

DISMISSED