THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF UTAH
EDWARD MURDOCK and SHERYL REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION MURDOCK,
Plaintiffs, Case No. 2:23-cv-00866-JNP-JCB v.
MAVERICK TURTLE CREEK APARTMENTS; and NATIONAL CREDIT SYSTEMS, INC., District Judge Jill N. Parrish
Defendants. Magistrate Judge Jared C. Bennett
This case is referred to Magistrate Judge Jared C. Bennett under 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B).1 Based upon the analysis set forth below, the court recommends that Defendant Maverick Turtle Creek Apartments (“MTCA”) be dismissed without prejudice from this case for lack of prosecution. BACKGROUND Pro se Plaintiffs Edward Murdock and Sheryl Murdock (collectively, “Plaintiffs”) filed their original complaint on November 29, 2023.2 Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on April 2, 2024, which removed two of the four Defendants named in Plaintiffs’ original complaint, leaving MTCA and National Credit Systems, Inc. (“NCS”) as the only remaining Defendants.3
1 ECF No. 4. 2 ECF No. 1. 3 ECF No. 7. On April 22, 2024, the court issued an Order requiring Plaintiffs to show cause why this case should not be dismissed for lack of prosecution because they had not provided the court with the requisite proof of service under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(l) to demonstrate that a summons and the complaint had been served on MTCA and NCS within 90 days after Plaintiffs’ original complaint was filed, as required by Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m).4 Plaintiffs were ordered to file a response to the Order to Show Cause on or before May 6, 2024. Two days after that deadline, Plaintiffs filed an executed summons indicating that MTCA was served through its “Office Manager” in Sherman, Texas, on April 29, 2024.5 Plaintiffs also filed a document stating that the executed summons “should show cause why [their] suit should not be dismissed since one party has been served.”6 Additionally, on May 22, 2024, Plaintiffs
filed a document entitled, “Judgment by Default,” which appears to be a proposed default
4 ECF No. 9. In that Order to Show Cause, the court noted that Plaintiffs’ filing of their amended complaint did not restart the time limit for service under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) for MTCA and NCS because those two Defendants were named in Plaintiffs’ original complaint. Constien v. United States, 628 F.3d 1207, 1216 (10th Cir. 2010) (providing that the time period under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) “runs from the filing of the initial complaint” and that “later amendments to the complaint do not change the time limit except for newly added parties”); Bolden v. City of Topeka, Kan., 441 F.3d 1129, 1148 (10th Cir. 2006) (providing that the time limit under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) “is not restarted by the filing of an amended complaint except as to those defendants newly added in the amended complaint”). Therefore, the court explained, Plaintiffs were required to serve MTCA and NCS within 90 days after the filing date of Plaintiffs’ original complaint. 5 ECF No. 10. 6 ECF No. 10-1. judgment against MTCA under Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(1).7 Notably, Plaintiffs did not move for an
extension of the deadline for serving MTCA or provide any proof of service for NCS.8 Based upon those facts, the court issued a second Order to Show Cause on August 29, 2024, requiring Plaintiffs to again show cause why MTCA should not be dismissed from this case.9 The court based the second Order to Show Cause on two grounds. First, Plaintiffs’ purported service on MTCA on April 29, 2024, was well past the 90-day deadline for service, and Plaintiffs did not seek an extension of that deadline or make any attempt to show good cause for their failure to serve MTCA in a timely manner.10 Second, even if the court excused Plaintiffs’ tardy service, the executed summons they filed did not demonstrate proper service on MTCA under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(h). Accordingly, the court ordered Plaintiffs to file a response to
the second Order to Show Cause on or before September 12, 2024, showing cause why MTCA should not be dismissed from this case under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) and for lack of prosecution.11
7 ECF No. 11. The court notes that a default certificate has not been entered against MTCA under Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a). 8 Despite Plaintiffs’ failure to file proof of service for NCS, NCS appeared in this case by filing an answer to Plaintiffs’ amended complaint on May 31, 2024, ECF No. 13, and a motion to dismiss or, alternatively, to transfer venue on June 6, 2024. ECF No. 18. The court resolved NCS’s motion on October 21, 2024. ECF No. 24. 9 ECF No. 22. 10 Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) (“If a defendant is not served within 90 days after the complaint is filed, the court—on motion or on its own after notice to the plaintiff—must dismiss the action without prejudice against that defendant or order that service be made within a specified time. But if the plaintiff shows good cause for the failure, the court must extend the time for service for an appropriate period.”). 11 DUCivR 41-2 (“At any time, the court may issue an order to show cause requiring a party seeking affirmative relief to explain why the case should not be dismissed for lack of prosecution. If the party does not show good cause, a district judge or a magistrate judge presiding by consent may enter an order of dismissal. The dismissal may be with or without prejudice, as the court deems proper.”). On September 9, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a response to the second Order to Show Cause, in which they indicate only that they have “been awaiting action by the court” on their proposed default judgment against MTCA.12 Importantly, Plaintiffs fail to address either their tardy service on MTCA or their failure to properly serve MTCA. ANALYSIS MTCA should be dismissed without prejudice from this case for lack of prosecution under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and the court’s inherent authority. Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) “has long been interpreted to permit courts to dismiss actions sua sponte for a plaintiff’s failure to prosecute or comply with the rules of civil procedure or court’s orders.”13 Additionally, courts have the authority, “acting on their own initiative, to clear their calendars of cases that have remained dormant because of the inaction or dilatoriness of the parties seeking relief.”14 A court’s authority
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THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF UTAH
EDWARD MURDOCK and SHERYL REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION MURDOCK,
Plaintiffs, Case No. 2:23-cv-00866-JNP-JCB v.
MAVERICK TURTLE CREEK APARTMENTS; and NATIONAL CREDIT SYSTEMS, INC., District Judge Jill N. Parrish
Defendants. Magistrate Judge Jared C. Bennett
This case is referred to Magistrate Judge Jared C. Bennett under 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B).1 Based upon the analysis set forth below, the court recommends that Defendant Maverick Turtle Creek Apartments (“MTCA”) be dismissed without prejudice from this case for lack of prosecution. BACKGROUND Pro se Plaintiffs Edward Murdock and Sheryl Murdock (collectively, “Plaintiffs”) filed their original complaint on November 29, 2023.2 Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on April 2, 2024, which removed two of the four Defendants named in Plaintiffs’ original complaint, leaving MTCA and National Credit Systems, Inc. (“NCS”) as the only remaining Defendants.3
1 ECF No. 4. 2 ECF No. 1. 3 ECF No. 7. On April 22, 2024, the court issued an Order requiring Plaintiffs to show cause why this case should not be dismissed for lack of prosecution because they had not provided the court with the requisite proof of service under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(l) to demonstrate that a summons and the complaint had been served on MTCA and NCS within 90 days after Plaintiffs’ original complaint was filed, as required by Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m).4 Plaintiffs were ordered to file a response to the Order to Show Cause on or before May 6, 2024. Two days after that deadline, Plaintiffs filed an executed summons indicating that MTCA was served through its “Office Manager” in Sherman, Texas, on April 29, 2024.5 Plaintiffs also filed a document stating that the executed summons “should show cause why [their] suit should not be dismissed since one party has been served.”6 Additionally, on May 22, 2024, Plaintiffs
filed a document entitled, “Judgment by Default,” which appears to be a proposed default
4 ECF No. 9. In that Order to Show Cause, the court noted that Plaintiffs’ filing of their amended complaint did not restart the time limit for service under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) for MTCA and NCS because those two Defendants were named in Plaintiffs’ original complaint. Constien v. United States, 628 F.3d 1207, 1216 (10th Cir. 2010) (providing that the time period under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) “runs from the filing of the initial complaint” and that “later amendments to the complaint do not change the time limit except for newly added parties”); Bolden v. City of Topeka, Kan., 441 F.3d 1129, 1148 (10th Cir. 2006) (providing that the time limit under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) “is not restarted by the filing of an amended complaint except as to those defendants newly added in the amended complaint”). Therefore, the court explained, Plaintiffs were required to serve MTCA and NCS within 90 days after the filing date of Plaintiffs’ original complaint. 5 ECF No. 10. 6 ECF No. 10-1. judgment against MTCA under Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(1).7 Notably, Plaintiffs did not move for an
extension of the deadline for serving MTCA or provide any proof of service for NCS.8 Based upon those facts, the court issued a second Order to Show Cause on August 29, 2024, requiring Plaintiffs to again show cause why MTCA should not be dismissed from this case.9 The court based the second Order to Show Cause on two grounds. First, Plaintiffs’ purported service on MTCA on April 29, 2024, was well past the 90-day deadline for service, and Plaintiffs did not seek an extension of that deadline or make any attempt to show good cause for their failure to serve MTCA in a timely manner.10 Second, even if the court excused Plaintiffs’ tardy service, the executed summons they filed did not demonstrate proper service on MTCA under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(h). Accordingly, the court ordered Plaintiffs to file a response to
the second Order to Show Cause on or before September 12, 2024, showing cause why MTCA should not be dismissed from this case under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) and for lack of prosecution.11
7 ECF No. 11. The court notes that a default certificate has not been entered against MTCA under Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a). 8 Despite Plaintiffs’ failure to file proof of service for NCS, NCS appeared in this case by filing an answer to Plaintiffs’ amended complaint on May 31, 2024, ECF No. 13, and a motion to dismiss or, alternatively, to transfer venue on June 6, 2024. ECF No. 18. The court resolved NCS’s motion on October 21, 2024. ECF No. 24. 9 ECF No. 22. 10 Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m) (“If a defendant is not served within 90 days after the complaint is filed, the court—on motion or on its own after notice to the plaintiff—must dismiss the action without prejudice against that defendant or order that service be made within a specified time. But if the plaintiff shows good cause for the failure, the court must extend the time for service for an appropriate period.”). 11 DUCivR 41-2 (“At any time, the court may issue an order to show cause requiring a party seeking affirmative relief to explain why the case should not be dismissed for lack of prosecution. If the party does not show good cause, a district judge or a magistrate judge presiding by consent may enter an order of dismissal. The dismissal may be with or without prejudice, as the court deems proper.”). On September 9, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a response to the second Order to Show Cause, in which they indicate only that they have “been awaiting action by the court” on their proposed default judgment against MTCA.12 Importantly, Plaintiffs fail to address either their tardy service on MTCA or their failure to properly serve MTCA. ANALYSIS MTCA should be dismissed without prejudice from this case for lack of prosecution under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and the court’s inherent authority. Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) “has long been interpreted to permit courts to dismiss actions sua sponte for a plaintiff’s failure to prosecute or comply with the rules of civil procedure or court’s orders.”13 Additionally, courts have the authority, “acting on their own initiative, to clear their calendars of cases that have remained dormant because of the inaction or dilatoriness of the parties seeking relief.”14 A court’s authority
“to dismiss sua sponte for lack of prosecution has generally been considered an ‘inherent power,’ governed not by rule or statute but by the control necessarily vested in courts to manage their own affairs so as to achieve the orderly and expeditious disposition of cases.”15 As explained in detail in the second Order to Show Cause, Plaintiffs have failed to timely or properly serve MTCA. Additionally, when provided with the chance to show cause why MTCA should not be dismissed from this case based upon those failures, Plaintiffs did not provide any explanation for those failures. Therefore, MTCA should be dismissed without
12 ECF No. 23. 13 Olsen v. Mapes, 333 F.3d 1199, 1204 n.3 (10th Cir. 2003). 14 Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 630 (1962). 15 Id. at 630-31. prejudice from this case for lack of prosecution under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and the court’s inherent authority.'© RECOMMENDATION For the reasons stated above, the court HEREBY RECOMMENDS that MTCA be dismissed without prejudice from this case for lack of prosecution under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and the court’s inherent authority. NOTICE TO PARTIES Copies of this Report and Recommendation are being sent to all parties, who are hereby notified of their right to object.'’ The parties must file any objections to this Report and Recommendation within 14 days after being served with a copy of it.'* Failure to object may constitute waiver of objections upon subsequent review. DATED this 25th day of October 2024. BY THE COURT:
JARED C. BENNETT United States Magistrate Judge
The court acknowledges that Plaintiffs are proceeding pro se, but that does not excuse their obligation to follow all rules that apply to other litigants, including the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Ogden v. San Juan Cnty., 32 F.3d 452, 455 (10th Cir. 1994) (“[P]ro se status does not excuse the obligation of any litigant to comply with the fundamental requirements of the Federal Rules of Civil and Appellate Procedure.”); Nielsen v. Price, 17 F.3d 1276, 1277 (10th Cir. 1994) (“This court has repeatedly insisted that pro se parties ‘follow the same rules of procedure that govern other litigants.’” (quoting Green v. Dorrell, 969 F.2d 915, 917 (10th Cir. 1992))). 17 98 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1); Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b)(2). 18 98 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1); Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b)(2).