Mt. Vernon Fire Ins. Co. v. New Moon Management, Inc.

239 So. 3d 183

• Court: District Court of Appeal of Florida
• Decided: February 14, 2018
• Docket: 16-2243
• Status: Published

Opinion

Third District Court of Appeal State of Florida

Opinion filed February 14, 2018. Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.

________________

No. 3D16-2243 Lower Tribunal No. 13-886-K ________________

Mount Vernon Fire Insurance Company, Appellant,

vs.

New Moon Management, Inc., a/k/a New Moon Management Company, Appellee.

An Appeal from the Circuit Court for Monroe County, Mark H. Jones, Judge.

Fowler White Burnett, P.A., and Esther E. Galicia, for appellant.

Garcia Law Firm, Trial Attorneys, and Nathalia A. Mellies, for appellee.

Before ROTHENBERG, C.J., and EMAS and LUCK, JJ.

ROTHENBERG, C.J.

The defendant below, Mount Vernon Fire Insurance Company (“Mount Vernon”), appeals the denial of its amended motion for entitlement to attorney’s

fees and costs (“amended motion for entitlement”) filed pursuant to section 768.79,

Florida Statutes (2015), and Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.442, which was

based on the trial court’s finding that Mount Vernon’s nominal proposal for

settlement to its insured, New Moon Management, Inc., etc. (“New Moon”), was

not made in good faith. Because we conclude that the trial court abused its

discretion by finding that Mount Vernon’s proposal for settlement was not made in

good faith, see State Farm Fla. Ins. Co. v. Laughlin-Alfonso, 118 So. 3d 314, 315

(Fla. 3d DCA 2013) (“The abuse of discretion standard of review governs this

Court’s review of a trial court’s determination that a proposal for settlement was

not made in good faith.”), we reverse the order under review and remand for the

entry of an order granting Mount Vernon’s amended motion for entitlement.

Mount Vernon issued a commercial property and general liability policy to

New Moon. Following heavy rains in August 2008, New Moon filed a claim

under the policy for water damage. Later that year, after obtaining a roof damage

report from a structural engineer, Mount Vernon denied the claim based on

exclusions and limitations in the insurance policy.

In August 2013, New Moon filed a complaint against Mount Vernon,

asserting claims for breach of the insurance contract and bad faith. After nearly

two years of extensive discovery, on July 2, 2015, Mount Vernon served a nominal

2 proposal for settlement ($1,000) on New Moon pursuant to rule 1.442 and section

768.79.

Within a week of serving its proposal for settlement, Mount Vernon filed a

motion for final summary judgment, asserting that the damage was not covered

under the terms of the policy. Following a hearing, the trial court granted Mount

Vernon’s motion for summary judgment. Thereafter, the trial court entered final

summary judgment in favor of Mount Vernon and denied New Moon’s motion for

rehearing and motion for relief from judgment.1

Pursuant to rule 1.442 and section 768.79, Mount Vernon filed its amended

motion for entitlement based on New Moon’s failure to accept Mount Vernon’s

proposal for settlement. In response, New Moon argued that the nominal proposal

for settlement was not made in good faith because Mount Vernon did not have a

reasonable basis to offer the nominal amount.

At the hearing on the amended motion for entitlement, Mount Vernon

argued that it submitted its proposal for settlement following extensive discovery

and the taking of several depositions and, at the time it submitted its proposal for

settlement, the record reflected that there were no issues of material fact and that

Mount Vernon had a reasonable basis to conclude that it had “no exposure, let

1 New Moon appealed these orders, and this Court affirmed. See New Moon Mgmt., Inc. v. Mount Vernon Fire Ins. Co., 3D16-2242 (Fla. 3d DCA Dec. 27, 2017).

3 alone nominal exposure.” The trial court reserved ruling. Thereafter, the trial

court entered an order denying Mount Vernon’s amended motion for entitlement,

finding that Mount Vernon’s nominal proposal for settlement was not made in

good faith. See § 768.79(7)(a), Fla. Stat. (2015) (“If a party is entitled to costs and

fees pursuant to the provisions of this section, the court may, in its discretion,

determine that an offer was not made in good faith. In such case, the court may

disallow an award of costs and attorney’s fees.”). Mount Vernon’s appeal

followed.

Mount Vernon contends that the trial court abused its discretion by

determining that the nominal proposal for settlement was not made in good faith.

We agree.

In addressing whether the trial court abused its discretion by finding that

Mount Vernon’s nominal proposal for settlement was not was made in good faith,

we must consider whether Mount Vernon “had a reasonable basis at the time of the

offer to conclude that [its] exposure was nominal.” Fox v. McCaw Cellular

Commc’ns of Fla., Inc., 745 So. 2d 330, 333 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); see also Dep’t

of Highway Safety & Motor Vehicles, Fla. Highway Patrol v. Weinstein, 747 So.

2d 1019, 1021 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999) (reversing the trial court’s denial of attorney’s

fees, which were sought under section 768.79, where the record conclusively

demonstrates that, at the time the nominal proposal for settlement was made, the

4 offeror had a reasonable basis to conclude that its exposure was nominal). Further,

we recognize that good faith is “determined by the subjective motivations and

beliefs of the pertinent actor.” Weinstein, 747 So. 2d at 1021.

In the instant case, the record reflects that Mount Vernon made its proposal

for settlement following almost two years of litigation and extensive discovery.

Further, less than a week after making its proposal for settlement, Mount Vernon

moved for summary judgment, and in doing so, relied heavily on the investigation

report issued by its claim administrator in October 2008, the roof damage report

issued by structural engineers in November 2008, and the exclusions and

limitations contained in the policy. Thus, the record conclusively demonstrates

that Mount Vernon “had a reasonable basis at the time of the offer to conclude that

[its] exposure was nominal.” Fox, 745 So. 2d at 333. Accordingly, we conclude

that the trial court abused its discretion by denying Mount Vernon’s amended

motion for entitlement based on the determination that the nominal proposal for

settlement was not made in good faith. We, therefore, reverse the order under

review and remand for the entry of an order granting Mount Vernon’s amended

motion for entitlement.2

2 In its answer brief, New Moon also argued that the trial court’s order denying Mount Vernon’s amended motion for entitlement should be affirmed because there was an ambiguity in the proposal for settlement, thereby defeating its enforcement. As New Moon did not raise this argument in the lower tribunal, the argument was not properly preserved for appellate review. We have, therefore, not addressed this argument on appeal.

5 Reversed and remanded.