MPTH Associates v. Department of Finance

521 A.2d 757, 308 Md. 674, 1987 Md. LEXIS 194
CourtCourt of Appeals of Maryland
DecidedMarch 5, 1987
DocketNo. 64
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 521 A.2d 757 (MPTH Associates v. Department of Finance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Maryland primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
MPTH Associates v. Department of Finance, 521 A.2d 757, 308 Md. 674, 1987 Md. LEXIS 194 (Md. 1987).

Opinion

ADKINS, Judge.

In MPTH Assoc. v. State Dept. of Assess. (MPTH I), 302 Md. 319, 487 A.2d 1184 (1985), we decided that MPTH was entitled to a refund of an overpayment of real estate taxes. The same appellant is before us again, this time seeking interest on the refund. And this time we shall affirm the Circuit Court for Montgomery County’s denial of the relief sought by MPTH.

The factual background is recounted in MPTH I. The Montgomery County Supervisor of Assessments assessed MPTH’s property at $704,440 for the 1979 tax year. MPTH appealed the assessment to the county Property Tax Assessment Appeal Board, which eventually increased the assessment to $810,440. That action did not occur, however, until after the date of finality for tax year 1980. In fact, the supervisor did not send MPTH any notice undertaking to value the property as of the 1980 date of finality. What was sent MPTH was a 1980 tax bill based on an assessment of $810,440. MPTH paid that bill and then requested a refund, claiming that the 1980 assessment should have been $704,440, because the higher assessment reflected in the bill applied only to tax year 1979.

We agreed with MPTH. Judge Rodowsky explained for the Court that “there was no change in the 1979 assessment as of the 1980 date of finality.” 302 Md. at 322, 487 A.2d at 1186. In the absence of timely notice from the supervisor of a 1980 increase, the Property Tax Assessment Appeal Board’s post-date-of-finality increased assessment applied only to tax year 1979. Id. at 324-26, 487 A.2d at 1187-88. We further held that MPTH was entitled to a refund under §§ 213 and 214 of Art. 81 of the Md.Code. Id. at 327-28, 487 A.2d at 1188-89.

Thus MPTH obtained its refund, but the refund was paid without interest. Aggrieved by that lack, MPTH filed a declaratory judgment action in the Circuit Court for Montgomery County, requesting a declaration that it was entitled to interest. Judge Beard granted summary judgment [677]*677for appellee, the Department of Finance for Montgomery County. He declared that MPTH “is not entitled to interest on a refund of real property taxes under Sections 213 and 214, Article 81____” MPTH appealed to the Court of Special Appeals; we granted certiorari while the case was still pending in that court. 306 Md. 555, 510 A.2d 561 (1986).

Before us MPTH concedes that ordinarily, absent statutory authorization, no interest is payable on a refund of taxes voluntarily overpaid. It insists, however, that its overpayment was involuntary because the levy and collection of real property taxes are not subject to stay or injunction. When taxes are overpaid involuntarily, it contends, a refund carries interest despite the absence of any statutory provision for it. Finally, it points to Art. 81, § 261, which allows interest on a refund ordered after a taxpayer’s successful appeal of an assessment pursuant to §§ 255 and 256. According to MPTH, it was “unlawfully deprived of the opportunity to challenge” the 1980 assessment via the latter sections because it did not receive timely notice of the 1980 assessment. Hence, it should have the benefit of the § 261 refund provision whether it made the overpayment voluntarily or involuntarily.

In light of our analysis of this case we need not consider MPTH’s arguments based on the elusive and perhaps chimerical involuntary payment of taxes theory. Nor can MPTH derive support from § 261. When it responded to the 1980 tax bill, the only route available to it for administrative relief was that provided by §§ 213 and 214. Moreover, as we shall now explain, that those sections are applicable to the claim for interest on the refund is now the law of the case.

I

In MPTH I, MPTH’s claim for refund was filed pursuant to Art. 81, §§ 213 and 214. Before us in that case the appellees argued that those sections were inapplicable. [678]*678MPTH strongly contended for the opposite result. For example, it asserted:

“It can hardly be made more clear that Sections 213 and 214 only preclude resort to their provisions when an assessment is challenged as being erroneous by virtue of an error in valuation or on some other ground that could properly have been raised in the appeal process set forth in sections 255, et seq. Where, as in this case, the assessment of $810,440.00 is being challenged on the ground that it is not the 1980 assessment and that the collecting authority has improperly issued a bill predicated upon the wrong assessment, the claim for refund falls squarely within the express language of [§§ 213 and 214].”

MPTH’s reply brief in MPTH I at 7.

As we have seen, MPTH won this argument. We said: “The taxpayer [MPTH] contends that it is protected as to the overpayment of state taxes by § 213 and as to county taxes by § 214. We agree with the taxpayer.”

MPTH I, 302 Md. at 326, 487 A.2d at 1188. And we held that “[u]nder these facts the overpayment is subject to refund under §§ 213 and 214.” Id. at 328, 487 A.2d at 1189 [footnote omitted].

Thus, it is now the law of this case that §§ 213 and 214 govern. The entitlement to interest that MPTH now asserts must be founded on those sections. “Once this Court has ruled upon a question properly presented on an appeal, ... such a ruling becomes the ‘law of the case’ and is binding on the litigants and courts alike____” Fid-Balto. Bank v. John Hancock, 217 Md. 367, 372, 142 A.2d 796, 798 (1958).

For this reason, it does not matter whether MPTH’s payment of the taxes was voluntary or involuntary. MPTH has persuaded us that its refund was properly obtainable under §§ 213 and 214. Its right to interest must depend on those same sections. It is to them we now turn.

[679]*679II

Before turning to the language of §§ 213 and 214, it is helpful to recall that in Maryland refunds of taxes are generally “matters of grace with the Legislature.” Wasena Housing Corp. v. Levay, 188 Md. 383, 389, 52 A.2d 903, 906 (1947); see also Apostol v. Anne Arundel County, 288 Md. 667, 672, 421 A.2d 582, 585 (1980) (when taxpayer voluntarily pays a tax under mistake of law or allegedly illegal imposition, no common law action lies for recovery of the tax absent a special statutory provision for refund); and Rapley v. Montgomery County, 261 Md. 98, 274 A.2d 124 (1971) . More specifically, “[entitlement to interest on a tax refund is a matter of grace which can only be authorized by legislative enactment.” Comptroller v. Fairchild Industries, 303 Md. 280, 284, 493 A.2d 341, 342-43 (1985); see Comptroller v. Campanella, 265 Md. 478, 290 A.2d 475 (1972) ; Lady v. Prince George’s County, 43 Md.App. 99, 403 A.2d 1277 (1979).

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Bluebook (online)
521 A.2d 757, 308 Md. 674, 1987 Md. LEXIS 194, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mpth-associates-v-department-of-finance-md-1987.