Morvant v. US Fidelity & Guar. Co.

538 So. 2d 1107, 1989 WL 14520
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedFebruary 15, 1989
Docket88-CA-677
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 538 So. 2d 1107 (Morvant v. US Fidelity & Guar. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Morvant v. US Fidelity & Guar. Co., 538 So. 2d 1107, 1989 WL 14520 (La. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

538 So.2d 1107 (1989)

Elery MORVANT
v.
UNITED STATES FIDELITY & GUARANTY COMPANY, et al.

No. 88-CA-677.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth Circuit.

February 15, 1989.
Writ Denied April 14, 1989.

George M. Papale, Stumpf, Dugas, Le Blanc, Papale & Ripp, Gretna, for plaintiff-appellant.

James C. Murphy, Jr., Appeal Counsel, Linda S. Harang, Cornelius, Sartin & Murphy, New Orleans, for defendant-appellee, U.S. Fidelity & Guar. Co.

Before BOWES, DUFRESNE and GOTHARD, JJ.

BOWES, Judge.

Plaintiff-appellant, Elery Morvant (hereinafter Morvant), appeals a judgment of the district court in favor of defendant, United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company (hereinafter USF & G), granting the motion for partial summary judgment filed by USF & G. We reverse and remand the case for trial.

Morvant was injured in a vehicular collision with Joseph V. Smith on June 12, 1985. Morvant was driving a company vehicle owned by his employer, Rental Ease, Inc., and insured by USF & G. The USF & G policy included uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage. Smith was killed in the collision. Suit was filed against the Estate of Joseph V. Smith and USF & G, alleging Smith's negligence as the cause of the accident, as well as Smith's uninsured status.

In a second supplemental and amending petition filed nearly two years later, Morvant alleged that Smith was intoxicated at the time of the accident and asked for exemplary damages in the amount of $150,000.00. USF & G filed a motion for partial *1108 summary judgment, asserting that plaintiff was not entitled to recover exemplary damages under LSA-C.C. art. 2315.4 from USF & G. After argument, the trial court granted judgment in favor of USF & G, dismissing the portion of the demand against USF & G as it related to exemplary damages. Morvant appeals.

The policy endorsement providing for UM coverage contained the following language:

"B WE WILL PAY

1 We will pay all sums the insured is legally entitled to recover as damages from the owner or driver of an uninsured motor vehicle. The damages must result from bodily injuries sustained by the insured caused by an accident. The owner's or driver's liability for these damages must result from the ownership, maintenance or use of the uninsured motor vehicle." [Emphasis supplied]

In his oral, but recorded, reasons for judgment, the trial judge found that the UM statute was to be strictly construed. The trial judge stated (in pertinent part):

"Interestingly enough it has been the theory, at least in our State as I appreciate it, punitive, or exemplary damages likewise have always been strictly construed.... The concept [of exemplary damages] as I appreciate the legislature's intent, was to punish those people who drive while intoxicated. You drive while intoxicated, and cause injury to another, you are further hit with a penalty in addition to the normal amount of damages that you have to pay. So, these are layered on top of, and the original concept was, I am sure, to punish the drunk driver."

In interpreting the policy language, the court found:

"The damages that they will pay, `all sums—will pay all sums the insured is legally entitled to recover as damages.' And it goes on to explain damages: `Damages must result from bodily injuries.' The damages, I think the exemplary damages result from the fault, if you will, the driving while intoxicated by the motorist. Those are not damages owed to the insured that result from bodily injury, but damages owed to him because the man was drinking and driving, and as a consequence can be tagged with extra penalties, layered on top penalties because of what he did in contravention of the law; namely, driving while intoxicated."

The court found that exemplary damages were not contemplated by the UM laws; further, the court construed the policy language itself to mean that the insurer intended to limit damages payable under the UM provisions to damages resulting from bodily injury, and not exemplary damages.

Morvant has alleged, on appeal, that it was error for the trial court to find that provisions of the UM statute, LSA-R.S. 22:1406(D) and C.C. art. 2315.4 were to be strictly construed, and error for the court to conclude that exemplary damages do not result from bodily injury, as well as its finding that the policy language providing for bodily damages was too narrow to include exemplary damages.

Both Morvant and USF & G have cited cases from other jurisdictions in support of their respective positions. While we find these various opinions interesting and helpful in a sense of pointing toward the direction we should follow (depending on which argument we favor), they do not, of course, dispose of the case before us. LSA-R.S. 22:1406 states in pertinent part:

D. The following provisions shall govern the issuance of uninsured motorist coverage in this state:
(1)(a)(i) No automobile liability insurance covering liability arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of any motor vehicle shall be delivered or issued for delivery in this state with respect to any motor vehicle registered or principally garaged in this state or as provided in this Subparagraph unless coverage is provided therein or supplemental thereto, in not less than the limits of bodily injury liability provided by the policy, under provisions filed with and approved by the commissioner of insurance, for the protection of persons insured thereunder *1109 who are legally entitled to recover damages from owners or operators of uninsured or underinsured motor vehicles because of bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death, resulting therefrom; provided, however, that the coverage required under this Subsection shall not be applicable where any insured named in the policy shall reject in writing, as provided herein, the coverage or selects lower limits. Such coverage need not be provided in or supplemental to a renewal or substitute policy where the named insured has rejected the coverage or selected lower limits in connection with a policy previously issued to him by the same insurer.

LSA-C.C. art. 2315.4 states:

Art. 2315.4 Additional damages; intoxicated defendant

In addition to general and special damages, exemplary damages may be awarded upon proof that the injuries on which the action is based were caused by a wanton or reckless disregard for the rights and safety of others by a defendant whose intoxication while operating a motor vehicle was a cause in fact of the resulting injuries.

Several circuit courts have expressly stated that liability policies (as distinguished from UM coverage) cover awards for exemplary damages granted under LSA-C.C. 2315.4 unless expressly excluded. See Creech v. Aetna Cas. & Sur. Co., 516 So.2d 1168 (La.App. 2 Cir.1987); Louviere v. Byers, 526 So.2d 1253 (La.App. 3 Cir. 1988); Falgout v. Wilson, 531 So.2d 492 (La.App. 1 Cir.1988). (The question was not directly addressed by this Court in Levet v. Calais & Sons, Inc., 514 So.2d 153 [La.App. 5 Cir.1987], now lodged in the Louisiana Supreme Court on writs).

Recently, the First Circuit expanded on this jurisprudence and answered affirmatively the question that is directly before us now—i.e., that liability for exemplary or punitive damages is included under the provisions of UM coverage in the insurance contract. See Bauer v. White, 532 So.2d 506 (La.App. 1 Cir.1988).

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Bluebook (online)
538 So. 2d 1107, 1989 WL 14520, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/morvant-v-us-fidelity-guar-co-lactapp-1989.