Morris v. Ley

331 F. App'x 417
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedJune 24, 2009
DocketNo. 08-2549
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 331 F. App'x 417 (Morris v. Ley) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Morris v. Ley, 331 F. App'x 417 (7th Cir. 2009).

Opinion

ORDER

Wisconsin inmate Pharoah Morris ■brought this action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, claiming among other things that prison officials violated his Eighth Amendment rights by failing to protect him from attack by another prisoner and by placing him in a feces-encrusted cell. The court granted summary judgment for the defendants, and Morris appealed. We affirm in part and vacate in part.

We recount the facts in a light most favorable to Morris. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). While he was imprisoned at Waupun Correctional Institution, Morris learned that he was to be transferred to the same eellblock as another inmate who had attacked him two and a half years earlier (when both were housed at a different institution) and who now threatened to kill him. Morris expressed his fears to the prison psychologist, Letitia Ley, but Morris did not know the inmate’s name (he knew only the nickname, Cooney). Ley contacted other staff members, but none knew of any inmate called Cooney. Without the inmate’s name, Ley declined to fill out a request for security to evaluate whether the two men should be separated. Morris was eventually transferred, and afterwards he repeatedly relayed his concerns about his safety to two security officers, Thomas Core and Douglas Knapp, whom he asked for help in locating the conduct report from the earlier fight in order to learn the other inmate’s name. Core and Knapp ignored his pleas.

Morris tried to steer clear of danger by remaining in his cell whenever possible, but about a month after the transfer, he was assaulted in the shower by his former attacker, whose name he learned was Larry Wilson. Wilson beat Morris on the head, knocked him to the ground, and then kicked him in the mouth, chest, and face. Morris suffered a “busted and swollen” mouth and a swollen eye, and later experienced headaches.

After the attack, Morris was transferred to Columbia Correctional Institution, another Wisconsin facility, where he was housed for ten days in a cell that was covered with human feces. Neither side disputes that a prior occupant had smeared feces in the cell and that the cell was powerwashed after his departure. Morris asserted, however, that the cleaning was inadequate, that his cell reeked of human waste, and that excrement was smeared on the light fixture and cell door — including the trap door through which he received his meals. Despite his complaints to members of the prison staff, the only relief he received was some cleaning agent that an officer had sprayed on some toilet paper. A grievance he filed about the feces was rejected for procedural reasons and went unanswered.

After returning to Waupun, Morris sued several Waupun prison officials, including Ley, her supervisor, Core, and Knapp — all of whom, he believes, failed to protect him from the attack. He also sued Mark Is-sacson, Timothy Douma, Timothy Higbee, Curtis Delong, Janel Nickel, and Andrea Nelson, prison officials at Columbia who, he said, ignored his complaints about the horrid conditions in his cell.

[419]*419The district court granted summary judgment for the defendants on all claims. Regarding the failure-to-protect claim, the court concluded that Morris failed to show that the defendants knew he was at substantial risk of serious harm. Although Morris pointed to the earlier conduct report concerning the fight with Wilson, the court found the report inconclusive because it (1) did not specify who started the fight and (2) noted that Morris had to be restrained. The court also found the record bereft of evidence that Morris was particularly vulnerable, that Wilson had a predatory nature, or that the injuries Morris sustained in the fight were objectively serious. The court went on to conclude that Ley could not have acted with deliberate indifference to Morris’s safety because she responded reasonably to Morris’s concerns. Finally, the court found that Ley’s supervisor never had contact with Morris and could not be liable under the doctrine of respondeat superior.

As for the conditions-of-conñnement claim, the court concluded that Morris failed to produce sufficient evidence confirming the presence of human feces in his cell. The court noted that Morris’s own evidence established that the cell was pow-erwashed before his arrival and that Morris did not complain of feces in any of the three grievances he filed while at Columbia. And even if feces were smeared in the cell, the court added, there was no Eighth Amendment violation because Morris had cleaning supplies — a face cloth, toilet paper, running water from a sink, and at one point some cleaning agent.

On appeal, Morris raises a litany of arguments, but his essential challenges focus on the court’s rejection of his failure-to-protect and his eonditions-of-confinement claims. As to the failure-to-protect claim, he basically takes issue with the court’s conclusion that the defendants were not aware of a sufficiently serious threat. He contends that his affidavit — stating that he told Ley and the security officers that another inmate threatened to kill him — is sufficient to call into question whether they knew of a substantial risk to his safety.

To prevail on his failure-to-protect claim, Morris would have to show that being housed in the same cellbloek as Wilson posed an excessive risk to his safety and that the defendants were deliberately indifferent to the risk. See Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 837, 114 S.Ct. 1970, 128 L.Ed.2d 811 (1994); Dale v. Poston, 548 F.3d 563, 569 (7th Cir.2008). However, a general risk of violence is not enough, for prisons are inherently dangerous places. See Brown v. Budz, 398 F.3d 904, 909 (7th Cir.2005). Instead, Morris must show a tangible threat to his safety or well-being. See Grieveson v. Anderson, 538 F.3d 763, 777 (7th Cir.2008). Additionally, to prove deliberate indifference, Morris must show that the defendants were subjectively aware of the risk, yet failed to take reasonable measures to prevent it. See Farmer, 511 U.S. at 844, 114 S.Ct. 1970; Borello v. Allison, 446 F.3d 742, 747 (7th Cir.2006). “A prisoner normally proves actual knowledge of impending harm by showing that he complained to officials about a specific threat to his safety.” McGill v. Duckworth, 944 F.2d 344, 349 (7th Cir.1991).

Here, Morris has set forth evidence showing a tangible threat to his safety— namely his affidavit stating that Wilson threatened to kill him. In addition, Morris can point to Ley’s notes from her counseling session with him in which he expressed his fears of harm, as well as the conduct report from the earlier fight that confirms the bad blood between the two men. Morris put forth evidence that he was about to be transferred to the same cellbloek as his former attacker, and thus showed that contact with Wilson was likely.

[420]

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Temple v. Thompson
S.D. Illinois, 2024
BOWYER v. JOHNSON
S.D. Indiana, 2021
Sisk v. Abernathy
C.D. Illinois, 2020
FORD v. YELLY
S.D. Indiana, 2020
Ebrahime v. Dart
899 F. Supp. 2d 777 (N.D. Illinois, 2012)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
331 F. App'x 417, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/morris-v-ley-ca7-2009.