Morraz Diaz v. Garland

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit
DecidedJune 12, 2023
Docket20-4105
StatusUnpublished

This text of Morraz Diaz v. Garland (Morraz Diaz v. Garland) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Morraz Diaz v. Garland, (2d Cir. 2023).

Opinion

20-4105 Morraz Diaz v. Garland BIA Conroy, IJ A216 207 299 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals 2 for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall 3 United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of 4 New York, on the 12th day of June, two thousand twenty- 5 three. 6 7 PRESENT: 8 JOSÉ A. CABRANES, 9 SUSAN L. CARNEY, 10 RICHARD J. SULLIVAN, 11 Circuit Judges. 12 _____________________________________ 13 14 RUBEN ALFONSO MORRAZ DIAZ, 15 Petitioner, 16 17 v. 20-4105 18 NAC 19 MERRICK B. GARLAND, UNITED 20 STATES ATTORNEY GENERAL, 21 Respondent. 22 _____________________________________ 23 24 FOR PETITIONER: Bruno Joseph Bembi, 25 Hempstead, NY. 26 27 FOR RESPONDENT: Brian Boynton, Acting Assistant 28 Attorney General; Holly M. Smith , 1 Assistant Director; Aric A. 2 Anderson, Trial Attorney, Office 3 of Immigration Litigation, United 4 States Department of Justice, 5 Washington, DC.

6 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION of this petition for review of a

7 Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) decision, it is hereby

8 ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the petition for review

9 is GRANTED.

10 Petitioner Ruben Alfonso Morraz Diaz, a native and

11 citizen of Nicaragua, seeks review of a decision of the BIA

12 affirming a decision of an Immigration Judge (“IJ”) denying

13 his motion to rescind his removal order and reopen his removal

14 proceedings. In re Ruben Alfonso Morraz Diaz, No. A 216 207

15 299 (B.I.A. Nov. 16, 2020), aff’g No. A 216 207 299 (Immig.

16 Ct. N.Y.C. Feb. 24, 2020). We assume the parties’

17 familiarity with the underlying facts and procedural history.

18 We have reviewed the decision of the IJ as supplemented

19 by the BIA. See Yan Chen v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 268, 271 (2d

20 Cir. 2005). We review the agency’s denial of a motion to

21 rescind a removal order entered in absentia for abuse of

22 discretion. Alrefae v. Chertoff, 471 F.3d 353, 357 (2d Cir.

23 2006). An abuse of discretion “may be found if the decision

24 provides no rational explanation, inexplicably departs from 2 1 established policies, is devoid of any reasoning, or contains

2 only summary or conclusory statements,” id. (internal

3 quotation marks omitted), or if the agency “has misunderstood

4 or misapplied the governing law,” Abu Hasirah v. DHS, 478

5 F.3d 474, 477 (2d Cir. 2007). We review de novo the agency’s

6 “underlying conclusions of law.” Mardones v. McElroy, 197

7 F.3d 619, 624 (2d Cir. 1999).

8 Here, we find an abuse of discretion. A noncitizen may

9 be ordered removed in absentia if, “after written notice . . .

10 has been provided to the alien or the alien’s counsel of

11 record, [he] does not attend a proceeding.” 8 U.S.C.

12 § 1229a(b)(5)(A). The agency may rescind an in absentia

13 removal order “if the alien demonstrates that the failure to

14 appear was because of exceptional circumstances.” Id.

15 § 1229a(b)(5)(C)(i); 8 C.F.R. § 1003.23(b)(4)(ii). However,

16 “a brief, innocent lateness does not constitute a failure to

17 appear” and thus does not require demonstration of

18 exceptional circumstances, and the agency abuses its

19 discretion when it issues an in absentia order based on such

20 tardiness. Abu Hasirah, 478 F.3d at 477–78.

21 Morraz Diaz was 35 minutes late to his 8:30 a.m. hearing

3 1 due to transit delays on New York City’s subway system. His

2 attorney was present, he had attended previous hearings, and

3 he had pending applications for relief from removal. He

4 submitted a detailed affidavit describing when he arrived at

5 the train station and the trains he took. Given the absence

6 of any evidence of intentional or lengthy delay, the agency

7 erred in concluding that he had failed to appear. See id.

8 We have jurisdiction to consider Morraz Diaz’s argument on

9 this point because issue exhaustion is not jurisdictional.

10 See Lin Zhong v. U.S. Dep’t of Just., 480 F.3d 104, 121–22

11 (2d Cir. 2007); see also generally Santos-Zacaria v. Garland,

12 143 S. Ct. 1103, 1111–16 (2023). Moreover, his specific

13 legal argument is not barred by court-mandated principles of

14 issue exhaustion given its relation to the arguments he raised

15 below. See Gill v. INS, 420 F.3d 82, 86 (2d Cir. 2005) (“[W]e

16 have never held that a petitioner is limited to the exact

17 contours of his argument below.”).

18 For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is

19 GRANTED, the BIA’s decision is VACATED, and the case is

20 REMANDED for further proceedings consistent with this

21 order.

4 1 All pending motions and applications are DENIED and stays

2 VACATED.

3 FOR THE COURT: 4 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, 5 Clerk of Court 6

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Related

United States v. Marion Bryant
5 F.3d 474 (Tenth Circuit, 1993)
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417 F.3d 268 (Second Circuit, 2005)
Alrefae v. Chertoff
471 F.3d 353 (Second Circuit, 2006)

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