Tompkins, Judge,
delivered the opinion of the court.
McCullough filed his bill in chancery against the appellants, Moore and Porter, and a decree being made in that court against them, they moved the court to set aside the decree, and grant them a new trial. The court overruled their motion, and they appealed to this court.
The bill states, that Moore and Porter, the appellants, agreed to sell to McCullough, the complainant, a lot of ground, in the town of Boonville, for the price of three hundred and forty dollars; that the said Moore and ~ ter executed to him a bond for the con.veyan same, and that he executed to them his bet payment of the purchase money, on or befo’ day of May, in the year 1837; at which tim their bond, undertook also to convey the lot ther stated in the bill, that before the first da^ in the year 1837, when his bond for the purch became due, the complainant paid and satisfied _ said Moore and Porter his bond for the purchase mone and that they refused to convey the lot.
The defendants, (appellants here,) by their answer, admit the contract for the sale of the lot, but deny that the appellee had paid and satisfied to them the purchase money.
The appellants, in their answer, proceed then to state that they had employed one Pluston lo build them a house., and that the appellee had assisted Huston, and on that account claimed to pay the purchase money of the lot with a part .of the money which Kuston claimed for building the house., whereas they say that they have paid Huston for the house.
The testimony preserved in the bill of exceptions is very obscure, it shows that the appellants did contract with Huston to build them a house, and that he did admit McCullough as a partner in the job, but there is no evidence that the appellants made any contract with him. a.bout the building of the house. Huston was examined as a witness; he testified that there was a settlement between him and the appellants, after the house was completed, and that they executed to him their note for one -half of the amount of the building, and that they execu[144]*144ted to the appellee, McCullough, their note for the balance1 of the cost oí the building, first deducting, three hundred and forty dollars therefrom, which is the purchase money of the lot; yet, still the bond of McCullough for the purchase money was suffered to remain- in their hands; and other testimony was given calculated to raise a-doubt whether the appellants did agree to pay, for building the house, the full amount ol Huston’s bill. The view here taken of this caséis such, that it becomes unnecessaiy to examine the testimony strictly.
In chancery. Complainant prayed for the conveyance of i lot of ground,. conveyance defendants had given him their bond — alleging .hat he had paid and satisfied his bond fendants ^'and for whicn convey- , , the^urchase1 0r money. The Sefef danta had employed 3one H. to erect a build-com^L inant’ had emeredTnto Co-partnership with H. in the execu-—that in the tlement between H. and defs. they their^note's to H. and to complainant for what was to complainant, the amount of the For the^o^aforesaid. Held by the court, that this couTd8not0be admitted to sustain the allegations of lil°i, to liavo^et in auch proof, should have averred an accord and satia-jkction,Md^thai £een made ^pas-to the bill,
[144]*144In the first place, admitting that after the appellants-had executed the two notes spoken of by Huston, the sum of three hundred and forty dollars, which is the-exact amount of the purchase money, was still due to-Huston on account of this building, and that they had agreed, at Huston’s request, to consider that sum of money as yielded to them in satisfaction of the purchase-money of the lot for which they had McCullough’s bond,yet, still this is no payment of the purchase money for the lot* Had McCullough wished to avail himself of this arrangement of the business, he should have stated it specially in his bill of complaint, for it could be used only as an accord and satisfaction of the bond for the Purc^ase money- Particular cave should be taken to Put ’n' issue in the bill, whatever is intended to be proved-by the complainant in the cause, otherwise- he will not Perm’tte<^ to giye I evidence, for the court pronounces the decree secundum allegata et probata,-the reason of which is, that the adverse party may be apprised agamst what suggestions he is to prepare his defence — Cooper's Equity, page 7. . , ,
. , , Had Moore and Porter brought an action at law for the purchase money of this lot,-McCullough could not, un-dRr P'ea °f payment, have given this arrangement with Huston on the one side, and Moore and Porter on the other, in evidence* He, then, having stated in-his bill had paid the consideration money, ought not to be allowed to prove under that allegation this accord an¿ satisfaction of which evidence was given. Had the appellants- contented themselves with denying the payment of the purchase money for the lot, there would have been less obscurity about the case. But proceed-*ng to set out their answer what they expected the complainant would attempt to prove, a confusion of jjeas was produced, and-the case has been argued as if the kill had contained the allegations necessary to let in such evidence..
[145]*145It may be further observed that the complainant has failed to make the necessary defendants to this bill. Before he can expect a decree that Moore and Porter shall convey the lot of ground, he must either pay orbe ready to pay the consideration, either according to the terms of bond, or in such manner as a court of equity may deem equivalent. Iiuston should have been made co-defendant in this bill, in order that, by the same decree by which the title to the lot passed out of Moore and Porter, the claim of Huston against them for the balance, if any, due him for building the house might extinguished. It is true that if, at the request of Huston, they should surrender to McCullough his bond for the purchase money, and acknowledge satisfaction, this might be at any time given in evidence as so much money paid at his instance and request, and be a good bar to a recovery by Huston against them of the balance alleged to be due him for building the house. But courts of equity, when they decree a conveyance, will take notice that all the parties interested shall be made defendants; and that the party decreed to convey shall be made secure before a decree is made against him—see Cooper’s Equity, page 33; where it is said to be a general rule, that however numerous the persons may be who are interested in the subject of a suit, thejr must, nevertheless, be all made plaintiffs or defendants, so that a complete decree may be made between those parties; it being the constant aim of a com'tof equity to do complete justice by embracing the whole subject; deciding upon and settling the rights of all persons interested in the subject of the suit; to make the performance ol the order of the court perfectly safe to those who are compelled to obey it, and to prevent future litigation. If this be not done, the defendant may either demur to the bill, or when the cause comeson to a hearing, he may object that proper parties are wanting, or the court may refuse to proceed to a decree, or if the court does make a decree, that decree may afterwards be reversed.
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Tompkins, Judge,
delivered the opinion of the court.
McCullough filed his bill in chancery against the appellants, Moore and Porter, and a decree being made in that court against them, they moved the court to set aside the decree, and grant them a new trial. The court overruled their motion, and they appealed to this court.
The bill states, that Moore and Porter, the appellants, agreed to sell to McCullough, the complainant, a lot of ground, in the town of Boonville, for the price of three hundred and forty dollars; that the said Moore and ~ ter executed to him a bond for the con.veyan same, and that he executed to them his bet payment of the purchase money, on or befo’ day of May, in the year 1837; at which tim their bond, undertook also to convey the lot ther stated in the bill, that before the first da^ in the year 1837, when his bond for the purch became due, the complainant paid and satisfied _ said Moore and Porter his bond for the purchase mone and that they refused to convey the lot.
The defendants, (appellants here,) by their answer, admit the contract for the sale of the lot, but deny that the appellee had paid and satisfied to them the purchase money.
The appellants, in their answer, proceed then to state that they had employed one Pluston lo build them a house., and that the appellee had assisted Huston, and on that account claimed to pay the purchase money of the lot with a part .of the money which Kuston claimed for building the house., whereas they say that they have paid Huston for the house.
The testimony preserved in the bill of exceptions is very obscure, it shows that the appellants did contract with Huston to build them a house, and that he did admit McCullough as a partner in the job, but there is no evidence that the appellants made any contract with him. a.bout the building of the house. Huston was examined as a witness; he testified that there was a settlement between him and the appellants, after the house was completed, and that they executed to him their note for one -half of the amount of the building, and that they execu[144]*144ted to the appellee, McCullough, their note for the balance1 of the cost oí the building, first deducting, three hundred and forty dollars therefrom, which is the purchase money of the lot; yet, still the bond of McCullough for the purchase money was suffered to remain- in their hands; and other testimony was given calculated to raise a-doubt whether the appellants did agree to pay, for building the house, the full amount ol Huston’s bill. The view here taken of this caséis such, that it becomes unnecessaiy to examine the testimony strictly.
In chancery. Complainant prayed for the conveyance of i lot of ground,. conveyance defendants had given him their bond — alleging .hat he had paid and satisfied his bond fendants ^'and for whicn convey- , , the^urchase1 0r money. The Sefef danta had employed 3one H. to erect a build-com^L inant’ had emeredTnto Co-partnership with H. in the execu-—that in the tlement between H. and defs. they their^note's to H. and to complainant for what was to complainant, the amount of the For the^o^aforesaid. Held by the court, that this couTd8not0be admitted to sustain the allegations of lil°i, to liavo^et in auch proof, should have averred an accord and satia-jkction,Md^thai £een made ^pas-to the bill,
[144]*144In the first place, admitting that after the appellants-had executed the two notes spoken of by Huston, the sum of three hundred and forty dollars, which is the-exact amount of the purchase money, was still due to-Huston on account of this building, and that they had agreed, at Huston’s request, to consider that sum of money as yielded to them in satisfaction of the purchase-money of the lot for which they had McCullough’s bond,yet, still this is no payment of the purchase money for the lot* Had McCullough wished to avail himself of this arrangement of the business, he should have stated it specially in his bill of complaint, for it could be used only as an accord and satisfaction of the bond for the Purc^ase money- Particular cave should be taken to Put ’n' issue in the bill, whatever is intended to be proved-by the complainant in the cause, otherwise- he will not Perm’tte<^ to giye I evidence, for the court pronounces the decree secundum allegata et probata,-the reason of which is, that the adverse party may be apprised agamst what suggestions he is to prepare his defence — Cooper's Equity, page 7. . , ,
. , , Had Moore and Porter brought an action at law for the purchase money of this lot,-McCullough could not, un-dRr P'ea °f payment, have given this arrangement with Huston on the one side, and Moore and Porter on the other, in evidence* He, then, having stated in-his bill had paid the consideration money, ought not to be allowed to prove under that allegation this accord an¿ satisfaction of which evidence was given. Had the appellants- contented themselves with denying the payment of the purchase money for the lot, there would have been less obscurity about the case. But proceed-*ng to set out their answer what they expected the complainant would attempt to prove, a confusion of jjeas was produced, and-the case has been argued as if the kill had contained the allegations necessary to let in such evidence..
[145]*145It may be further observed that the complainant has failed to make the necessary defendants to this bill. Before he can expect a decree that Moore and Porter shall convey the lot of ground, he must either pay orbe ready to pay the consideration, either according to the terms of bond, or in such manner as a court of equity may deem equivalent. Iiuston should have been made co-defendant in this bill, in order that, by the same decree by which the title to the lot passed out of Moore and Porter, the claim of Huston against them for the balance, if any, due him for building the house might extinguished. It is true that if, at the request of Huston, they should surrender to McCullough his bond for the purchase money, and acknowledge satisfaction, this might be at any time given in evidence as so much money paid at his instance and request, and be a good bar to a recovery by Huston against them of the balance alleged to be due him for building the house. But courts of equity, when they decree a conveyance, will take notice that all the parties interested shall be made defendants; and that the party decreed to convey shall be made secure before a decree is made against him—see Cooper’s Equity, page 33; where it is said to be a general rule, that however numerous the persons may be who are interested in the subject of a suit, thejr must, nevertheless, be all made plaintiffs or defendants, so that a complete decree may be made between those parties; it being the constant aim of a com'tof equity to do complete justice by embracing the whole subject; deciding upon and settling the rights of all persons interested in the subject of the suit; to make the performance ol the order of the court perfectly safe to those who are compelled to obey it, and to prevent future litigation. If this be not done, the defendant may either demur to the bill, or when the cause comeson to a hearing, he may object that proper parties are wanting, or the court may refuse to proceed to a decree, or if the court does make a decree, that decree may afterwards be reversed.
It is very true, that if the complainant intended to prove that he had paid the purchase money, there was no necessity to make Huston defendant; but if he intended to satisfy that bond which he had given to secure the payment of the purchase money with the money which he has attempted to prove that the appellants owed to Huston, then he must not only allege this in his bill, buthe must also make Huston a party in the de-fence, in order that the court of equity may make the [146]*146performance of its order perfectly safe to Moore and Porter, and prevent future; litigation between them and Huston.
Being of opinion that the decree of the circuit court ought to be reversed, because the allegations in the -were not such as would justify the admission of the evidence given; and also being of opinion that if those allegations had been sufficient to justify the admission of such evidence, Huston ought to have been made co-defendant, it becomes useless to inquire whether the weight of evidence was such that, under a proper state of the pleadings, the decree of the circuit court ought to be affirmed; suffice to say that the evidence is very obscure. This evil may probably be remedied, in case the cause shall hereafter be proceeded in. Because there was no evidence given to support the allegations in the bill; and, moreover, because Huston should have been a co-defendant had there been any allegations in the bill to justify the admission of the evidence about the building of the house, &c., the decree of the circuit court ought, in my opinion, to be reversed, and such being the opinion oí the rest of the court, it is reverses and remanded.