Montgomery v. State

828 So. 2d 816, 2002 Miss. App. LEXIS 33, 2002 WL 49799
CourtCourt of Appeals of Mississippi
DecidedJanuary 15, 2002
DocketNo. 2000-KA-00563-COA
StatusPublished

This text of 828 So. 2d 816 (Montgomery v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Mississippi primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Montgomery v. State, 828 So. 2d 816, 2002 Miss. App. LEXIS 33, 2002 WL 49799 (Mich. Ct. App. 2002).

Opinion

IRVING, J.,

For The Court.

¶ 1. Willie L. Montgomery was convicted by a jury in the Circuit Court of Union County of possession of more than two, but less than ten, grams of cocaine. Aggrieved by the verdict and subsequent judgment of the trial court, Montgomery appeals and raises three issues which we quote verbatim:

1. The evidence was insufficient to support the verdict of possession of cocaine because the State failed to show the Defendant was either in actual or constructive possession of the contraband and the circuit court erred by not directing a verdict of not guilty.
2. The circuit court erred by not giving the jury a circumstantial evidence instruction.
3. The Defendant was denied a fair trial by being brought to court directly from jail by law enforcement officers for his trial and displayed in front of the jury dressed in dirty work clothes and in a dirty and un-kept [sic] appearance.

FACTS

¶ 2. On July 19, 1998, Officer Lisa Dawe, a policeman with the New Albany Police Department, while on routine patrol, no[818]*818ticed a van with excessively loud music emanating from it. Officer Dawe activated the blue lights in the patrol car and followed the van in an attempt to stop the driver and to ask that the volume be turned down. The van did not stop immediately, and Officer Dawe pursued it. The van stopped at three different stop signs in the interim before finally obeying the signal of the blue lights to stop. While following the van, Officer Dawe saw two bags thrown from the passenger side window. Officer Dawe testified that she made a mental note of where the bags landed in order to remember where to go back and retrieve them. After driving a short distance, the driver stopped the van, and Officer Dawe approached the vehicle to check the motorist’s driver’s license. The driver was Montgomery, and Leroy Jones, a juvenile, was a passenger in the front seat of the van. A check of Montgomery’s license revealed that his license was suspended. At that point, Officer Dawe arrested Montgomery and placed him in the back of the patrol car.

¶ 8. During the pursuit, Officer Dawe called for back-up, and Sergeant Dowty responded to the call. When Sergeant Dowty arrived at the place where Officer Dawe was located, Officer Dawe told Sergeant Dowty where to search for the bags. Sergeant Dowty testified that he found two plastic bags about forty feet from where the van was stopped; the bags contained what appeared to be crack cocaine. Officers Dawe and Dowty called for the K 9 unit to search the van. The K 9 search revealed some indication that drugs might have once been in the glove compartment of the van. At the trial, Officer Dawe testified that she did not have any evidence of who had possession of the drugs or who threw the drugs out of the van.

¶ 4. Montgomery did not testify at trial. However, his passenger, Hubert Leroy Jones did testify. Jones testified that trash under the brake pedal of the van prevented the van from stopping immediately. He testified that he got down into the floorboard of the van to remove the trash and as soon as he was able to remove the trash, Montgomery stopped the van. He further explained that he and Montgomery were not sure initially as to Officer Dawe’s intentions, that is, they were not sure whether she wanted to go around them or whether she was attempting to stop them. Jones denied that they stopped at three stop signs in the interim before obeying the officer’s blue light signal to stop. Jones testified that he did not have crack cocaine in his possession, that he did not have any knowledge that crack cocaine was in the van and that he did not see Montgomery throw anything out of the van because he was on the floor attempting to remove trash from underneath the brake pedal.

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF THE ISSUES

1. Sufficiency of the Evidence

¶ 5. The standard of review of a claim that the evidence is insufficient to support the verdict requires the reviewing court to accept all evidence tending to support the verdict, including the inferences derived therefrom, as true. All evidence favoring the defendant must be disregarded. Bridges v. State, 716 So.2d 614(¶ 5) (Miss.1998). “We may reverse only where with respect to one or more of the elements of the offense charged, the evidence so considered is such that reasonable and fairminded jurors could only find the accused not guilty.” Harveston v. State, 493 So.2d 365, 370 (Miss.1986).

¶ 6. Montgomery argues that the crack cocaine was not found in the van driven by him, but some forty yards away [819]*819on the side of the street. Montgomery also points out that even if the drugs were thrown from the van, they were thrown from the passenger side window where Leroy Jones was sitting. Furthermore, Montgomery argues that the arresting officer, Dawe, could not testify that he possessed the crack cocaine, nor was the police able to discover who owned the van. In support of his argument, Montgomery points this Court to Buggs v. State, 738 So.2d 1253, 1258, (¶ 22) (Miss.1999), wherein the Mississippi Supreme Court commented upon the rule regarding constructive possession:

The correct rule in this jurisdiction is that one in possession of premises upon which contraband is found is presumed to be in constructive possession of the articles, but the presumption is rebuttable. Powell v. State, 355 So.2d 1378, 1379 (Miss.1978). “We have held that where contraband is found upon premises not in the exclusive control and possession of the accused, additional incriminating facts, must connect the accused with the contraband.” Id. (emphasis added). [W]hen contraband is found on premises, there must be evidence, in addition to physical proximity, showing the defendant consciously exercised control over the contraband, and, absent this evidence, a finding of constructive possession cannot be sustained.

Montgomery continues his argument with the assertion that he was not in the exclusive control and possession of the van and that there is no evidence which shows that he consciously exercised control over the contraband.

¶ 7. The State argues that evidence presented against Montgomery, although circumstantial, was sufficient to convict Montgomery because the evidence is considered in a light most favorable to the State. Winters v. State, 473 So.2d 452, 459. (Miss.1985). The States agrees with Montgomery in that the evidence did not show actual possession; however, the State contends that if the cocaine was in the van at any point, Montgomery would have to have been in close proximity to the drugs. The State also maintains that since Montgomery was the driver of the van, he was at least a constructive and joint possessor of the cocaine and that a reasonable inference of guilt may be drawn from the fact Montgomery, as the driver of the van, refused to stop the van until the cocaine was thrown from it. When Jones’s testimony is added to the fact mixture, according to the State, an even stronger case of Montgomery’s guilt is made. Finally, the State, citing Anderson v. State, 397 So.2d 81 (Miss.1981), points out that even if Montgomery did not possess the drugs, he is at least an aider and abettor and that, as an aider and abettor, he is equally guilty of the crime committed by the principal offender.

¶ 8. We wholeheartedly agree with the contentions made by the State.

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Related

Winters v. State
473 So. 2d 452 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1985)
Bridges v. State
716 So. 2d 614 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1998)
Henderson v. State
453 So. 2d 708 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1984)
Harveston v. State
493 So. 2d 365 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1986)
Anderson v. State
397 So. 2d 81 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1981)
Crenshaw v. State
520 So. 2d 131 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1988)
Richmond v. State
751 So. 2d 1038 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1999)
Powell v. State
355 So. 2d 1378 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1978)
Gray v. State
549 So. 2d 1316 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1989)
Manning v. State
735 So. 2d 323 (Mississippi Supreme Court, 1999)
Buggs v. State
738 So. 2d 1253 (Court of Appeals of Mississippi, 1999)

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Bluebook (online)
828 So. 2d 816, 2002 Miss. App. LEXIS 33, 2002 WL 49799, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/montgomery-v-state-missctapp-2002.