Monterrosa v. City of Vallejo

Opinion

1 JOHN L. BURRIS, ESQ., SBN 69888 BENJAMIN NISENBAUM, ESQ. SBN 222173 2 JAMES COOK, ESQ., SBN 300212 3 LAW OFFICES OF JOHN L. BURRIS Airport Corporate Center 4 7677 Oakport St., Suite 1120 Oakland, CA 94621 5 Telephone: (510) 839-5200 6 Facsimile: (510) 839-3882 Email: John.Burris@johnburrislaw.com 7 Email: Ben.Nisenbaum@johnburrislaw.com Email: James.Cook@johnburrislaw.com 8 Attorneys for Plaintiffs 9 VERONICA A.F. NEBB 10 City Attorney, SBN 140001 BY: MEERA BHATT 11 Assistant City Attorney, SBN 259203 12 KATELYN M. KNIGHT Assistant City Attorney, SBN 264573 13 FARRAH HUSSEIN Deputy City Attorney, SBN 305726 14 CITY OF VALLEJO, City Hall 15 555 Santa Clara Street, 3rd Floor Vallejo, CA 94590 16 Tel: (707) 648-4545 17 Fax: (707) 648-4687 Email: Meera.Bhatt@cityofvallejo.net 18 Katelyn.Knight@cityofvallejo.net Farrah.Hussein@cityofvallejo.net 19 20 Attorneys for Defendants CITY OF VALLEJO and JARRETT TONN

21 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 22

23 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

24 NEFTALI MONTERROSA, individually and No. 2:20-cv-01563-TLN-DB as co-successor-in-interest to Decedent SEAN 25 MONTERROSA; NORA MONTERROSA, STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER 26 individually and as co-successor-in-interest to PURSUANT TO CIVIL LOCAL RULE Decedent SEAN MONTERROSA; 141.1 27 MICHELLE MONTERROSA, individually; ASHLEY MONTERROSA, individually, 28 1 Plaintiffs,

2 vs. 3 CITY OF VALLEJO, a municipal 4 corporation; JARRETT TONN, individually, and, Vallejo police officers DOES 1-25, 5 inclusive, 6 Defendants. 7

8 1. PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS 9 Disclosure and discovery activity in this action are likely to involve production of 10 confidential, proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public 11 disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation may be warranted. 12 Particularly as this matter arises from an incident that is still under criminal investigation. 13 Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the court to enter the following 14 Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this Order does not confer blanket 15 protections on all disclosures or responses to discovery and that the protection it affords from 16 public disclosure and use extends only to the limited information or items that are entitled to 17 confidential treatment under the applicable legal principles. The parties further acknowledge, as 18 set forth in Section 12.3, below, that this Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them to file 19 confidential information under seal; Civil Local Rule 141 sets forth the procedures that must be 20 followed and the standards that will be applied when a party seeks permission from the court to 21 file material under seal. 22 2. DEFINITIONS 23 2.1 Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation of 24 information or items under this Order. 25 2.2 “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of how it is 26 generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for protection under Federal Rule 27 of Civil Procedure 26(c), and for which public disclosure is likely to result in particularized harm 28 and violate privacy interests recognized by law. This information may include: 1 2 a. files related to the criminal investigation of the incident while the criminal 3 investigation and review and any consequent criminal proceedings are 4 pending; 5 b. personnel file records of any peace officer; 6 c. medical records; 7 d. social security numbers and similar sensitive identifying information 8 (unless redacted by order or by agreement of all parties). 9 This information shall not include records and information subject to disclosure pursuant to Cal. 10 Penal Code § 832.7(b) that have been publicly disclosed. 11 2.3 Counsel (without qualifier): Outside counsel of record where applicable and in- 12 house counsel (as well as their support staff). 13 2.4 Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or items that 14 it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as “CONFIDENTIAL.” 15 2.5 Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless of the 16 medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including, among other things, 17 testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or generated in disclosures or 18 responses to discovery in this matter. 19 2.6 Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter pertinent 20 to the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as an expert witness or as 21 a consultant in this action. 22 2.7 In-House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this action. In- 23 house counsel does not include outside counsel of record or any other outside counsel. 24 2.8 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or other 25 legal entity not named as a Party to this action. 26 2.9 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party to this 27 action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this action and have appeared in this 28 action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm which has appeared on behalf of 1 that party. 2 2.10 Party: any party to this action, including all of its officers, directors, employees, 3 consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their support staffs). 4 2.11 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or Discovery 5 Material in this action. 6 2.12 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support services 7 (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or demonstrations, and 8 organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium) and their employees and 9 subcontractors. 10 2.13 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is designated as 11 “CONFIDENTIAL.” 12 2.14 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material from a 13 Producing Party. 14 3. SCOPE 15 The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only Protected Material 16 (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied from Protected Material; (2) all copies, 17 excerpts, summaries, or compilations of Protected Material that reveal the source of the 18 Protected Material or that reveal specific information entitled to confidentiality as a matter of 19 law; and (3) any testimony, conversations, or presentations by Parties or their Counsel that might 20 reveal Protected Material. However, the protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order do 21 not cover the following information: (a) any information that is in the public domain at the time 22 of disclosure to a Receiving Party or becomes part of the public domain after its disclosure to a 23 Receiving Party as a result of publication not involving a violation of this Order, including 24 becoming part of the public record through trial or otherwise; and (b) any information known to 25 the Receiving Party prior to the disclosure or obtained by the Receiving Party after the disclosure 26 from a source who obtained the information lawfully and under no obligation of confidentiality 27 to the Designating Party. ; (c) any information mentioned or referenced in a deposition or in 28 other pretrial or trial proceedings, unless such portions of testimony have been designated as 1 confidential pursuant to section 5.2 (b) of this order. Any use of Protected Material at trial shall 2 be governed by a separate agreement or order. 3 4. DURATION 4 Even after final disposition of this litigation, the confidentiality obligations imposed by 5 this Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees otherwise in writing or a court 6 order otherwise directs. For records subject to Penal Code § 832.7(b), the confidentiality 7 obligations imposed by this Order shall cease with respect to any portions of records disclosed to 8 the public at the time that such information and materials are disclosed. The confidentiality 9 obligations imposed by this Order shall remain in full force and effect with respect to records and 10 portions of records redacted or otherwise withheld from public disclosure. 11 Final disposition shall be deemed to be the later of (1) dismissal of all claims and 12 defenses in this action, with or without prejudice; and (2) final judgment herein after the 13 completion and exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings, remands, trials, or reviews of this action, 14 including the time limits for filing any motions or applications for extension of time pursuant to 15 applicable law. 16 5. DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL 17 5.1 Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection. Each Party 18 or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection under this Order must take care 19 to limit any such designation to specific material that qualifies under the appropriate standards. 20 The Designating Party must designate for protection only those parts of material, documents, 21 items, or oral or written communications that qualify – so that other portions of the material, 22 documents, items, or communications for which protection is not warranted are not swept 23 unjustifiably within the ambit of this Order. 24 Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations that are 25 shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper purpose (e.g., to 26 unnecessarily encumber or retard the case development process or to impose unnecessary 27 expenses and burdens on other parties) expose the Designating Party to sanctions. 28 If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it designated for 1 protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must promptly notify all other 2 Parties that it is withdrawing the mistaken designation. 3 5.2 Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in this Order 4 (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise stipulated or ordered, 5 Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection under this Order must be clearly so 6 designated before the material is disclosed or produced. 7 Designation in conformity with this Order requires: 8 (a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic documents, but 9 excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial proceedings), that the Producing 10 Party affix the legend “CONFIDENTIAL” to each page that contains protected material. If only 11 a portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also 12 must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the 13 margins). 14 A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents or materials available for inspection 15 need not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has indicated which 16 material it would like copied and produced. During the inspection and before the designation, all 17 of the material made available for inspection shall be deemed “CONFIDENTIAL.” After the 18 inspecting Party has identified the documents it wants copied and produced, the Producing Party 19 must determine which documents, or portions thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. 20 Then, before producing the specified documents, the Producing Party must affix the 21 “CONFIDENTIAL” legend to each page that contains Protected Material. If only a portion or 22 portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly 23 identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the margins). 24 (b) for testimony given in deposition or in other pretrial or trial proceedings, that the 25 Designating Party identify on the record, before the close of the deposition, hearing, or other 26 proceeding, all protected testimony. Alternatively, the Designating Party may designate portions 27 of testimony within 15 days after receipt of the transcript by providing notice to all parties in 28 writing. 1 (c) for information produced in some form other than documentary and for any other 2 tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on the exterior of the 3 container or containers in which the information or item is stored the legend 4 “CONFIDENTIAL.” If only a portion or portions of the information or item warrant protection, 5 the Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the protected portion(s). 6 5.3 Inadvertent Failures to Designate. An inadvertent failure to designate qualified 7 information or items does not, standing alone, waive the Designating Party’s right to secure 8 protection under this Order for such material. Upon timely correction of a designation, the 9 Receiving Party must make reasonable efforts to assure that the material is treated in accordance 10 with the provisions of this Order. 11 6. CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS 12 6.1 Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a designation of 13 confidentiality at any time. Unless a prompt challenge to a Designating Party’s confidentiality 14 designation is necessary to avoid foreseeable, substantial unfairness, unnecessary economic 15 burdens, or a significant disruption or delay of the litigation, a Party does not waive its right to 16 challenge a confidentiality designation by electing not to mount a challenge promptly after the 17 original designation is disclosed. 18 6.2 Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute resolution 19 process by providing written notice of each designation it is challenging and describing the basis 20 for each challenge. To avoid ambiguity as to whether a challenge has been made, the written 21 notice must recite that the challenge to confidentiality is being made in accordance with the 22 Protective Order. The parties shall attempt to resolve each challenge in good faith and must 23 begin the process by conferring directly (in voice to voice dialogue; other forms of 24 communication are not sufficient) within 30 days of the date of service of notice. In conferring, 25 the Challenging Party must explain the basis for its belief that the confidentiality designation was 26 not proper and must give the Designating Party an opportunity to review the designated material, 27 to reconsider the circumstances, and, if no change in designation is offered, to explain the basis 28 for the chosen designation. A Challenging Party may proceed to the next stage of the challenge 1 process only if it has engaged in this meet and confer process first or establishes that the 2 Designating Party is unwilling to participate in the meet and confer process in a timely manner. 3 6.3 Judicial Intervention. If the Parties cannot resolve a challenge without court 4 intervention, the parties shall meet and confer regarding resolution by informal discovery 5 conference. If both parties do not agree to submit the dispute to the Court via informal discovery 6 conference, the Receiving Party shall file and serve a motion to de-designate under Civil Local 7 Rule 251 (and in compliance with Civil Local Rule 141, if applicable) within 21 days of the 8 parties agreeing that the meet and confer process will not resolve their dispute. Each such motion 9 must be accompanied by a competent declaration affirming that the movant has complied with 10 the meet and confer requirements imposed in the preceding paragraph. 11 The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be on the Designating 12 Party. 13 7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL 14 7.1 Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is disclosed 15 or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this case only for 16 prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this litigation. Such Protected Material may be 17 disclosed by any party only to the categories of persons and under the conditions described in 18 this Order. When the litigation has been terminated, a Receiving Party must comply with the 19 provisions of section 13 below (FINAL DISPOSITION). Protected Material must be stored and 20 maintained by all parties at a location and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited 21 to the persons authorized under this Order. 22 7.2 Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items. Unless otherwise 23 ordered by the court or permitted in writing by agreement of both Designating Party and 24 Receiving Party, all parties may disclose any information or item designated 25 “CONFIDENTIAL” only to: 26 a) Counsel for any party to the action. 27 b) Paralegal, stenographic, clerical and secretarial personnel regularly employed by 28 counsel; 1 c) Court personnel including stenographic reporters engaged in such proceedings as 2 are necessarily incidental to preparation for the trial of this action; 3 d) Any outside expert or consultant retained in connection with this action and not 4 otherwise employed by either party; 5 e) Any "in house" expert designated by defendants to testify at trial in this matter; 6 f) Witnesses, other than the plaintiff herein, who may have the documents disclosed 7 to them during deposition proceedings; the witnesses may not leave the 8 depositions with copies of the documents, and shall be bound by the provisions of 9 this order; 10 g) Any Neutral Evaluator or other designated ADR provider; 11 h) Parties to the action; and 12 i) The jury, should the matter go to trial. 13 8. PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED IN 14 OTHER LITIGATION 15 If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation that compels 16 disclosure of any information or items designated in this action as “CONFIDENTIAL,” that 17 Party must: 18 a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification shall include a copy 19 of the subpoena or court order; 20 b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order to issue in the 21 other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the subpoena or order is 22 subject to this Protective Order. Such notification shall include a copy of this Stipulated 23 Protective Order; and 24 c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be pursued by the 25 Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected. 26 If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with the 27 subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this action as 28 “CONFIDENTIAL” before a determination by the court from which the subpoena or order 1 issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating Party’s permission. The Designating Party 2 shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in that court of its confidential material – 3 and nothing in these provisions should be construed as authorizing or encouraging a Receiving 4 Party in this action to disobey a lawful directive from another court. 5 9. A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE PRODUCED IN 6 THIS LITIGATION 7 The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a Non-Party in this 8 action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.” Such information produced by Non-Parties in 9 connection with this litigation is protected by the remedies and relief provided by this Order. 10 Nothing in these provisions should be construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from seeking 11 additional protections. 12 In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to produce a Non- 13 Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is subject to an agreement with 14 the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s confidential information, then the Party shall: 15 (1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-Party that some or all of 16 the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement with a Non-Party; 17 (2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated Protective Order in this 18 litigation, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably specific description of the 19 information requested; and 20 (3) make the information requested available for inspection by the Non-Party. 21 If the Non-Party fails to object or seek a protective order from this court within 14 days 22 of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party may produce the 23 Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery request. If the Non-Party 24 timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving Party shall not produce any information in its 25 possession or control that is subject to the confidentiality agreement with the Non-Party before a 26 determination by the court. Absent a court order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall bear the 27 burden and expense of seeking protection in this court of its Protected Material. 28 10. UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL 1 If a Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed Protected Material to 2 any person or in any circumstance not authorized under this Stipulated Protective Order, the 3 Party must immediately (a) notify in writing all Parties of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use 4 its best efforts to retrieve all unauthorized copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person 5 or persons to whom unauthorized disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order, and (d) 6 request such person or persons to execute the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” 7 that is attached hereto as Exhibit A. 8 11. INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE 9 PROTECTED MATERIAL 10 When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain inadvertently 11 produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection, the obligations of the 12 Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). This 13 provision is not intended to modify whatever procedure may be established in an e-discovery 14 order that provides for production without prior privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of 15 Evidence 502(d) and (e), insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure of a 16 communication or information covered by the attorney-client privilege or work product 17 protection, the parties may incorporate their agreement in the stipulated protective order 18 submitted to the court. 19 12. MISCELLANEOUS 20 12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any person to 21 seek its modification by the court in the future. 22 12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this Protective 23 Order no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to disclosing or producing any 24 information or item on any ground not addressed in this Stipulated Protective Order. Similarly, 25 no Party waives any right to object on any ground to use in evidence of any of the material 26 covered by this Protective Order. 27 12.3 Filing Protected Material. Without written permission of all parties or a court 28 order secured after appropriate notice to all interested persons, a Party may not file in the public 1 record in this action any Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file under seal any Protected 2 Material must comply with Civil Local Rule 141. Protected Material may only be filed under 3 seal pursuant to a court order authorizing the sealing of the specific Protected Material at issue. 4 Pursuant to Civil Local Rule 141, a sealing order will issue only upon a request establishing that 5 the Protected Material at issue is privileged, protectable as a trade secret, or otherwise entitled to 6 protection under the law. If a Party's request to file Protected Material under seal pursuant to 7 Civil Local Rule 141(b) is denied by the court, then the any Party may file the information in the 8 public record pursuant to Civil Local Rule 141(e)(1) unless otherwise instructed by the court. 9 13. FINAL DISPOSITION 10 Within 60 days after the final disposition of this action, as defined in paragraph 4, upon 11 written notification served by Producing or Designating Party, each Receiving Party must return 12 all Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy such material. As used in this 13 subdivision, “all Protected Material” includes all copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries, and 14 any other format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected Material. Whether the Protected 15 Material is returned or destroyed, the Receiving Party must submit a written certification to the 16 Producing Party (and, if not the same person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60 day 17 deadline that (1) identifies (by category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material that was 18 returned or destroyed and (2) affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained any copies, 19 abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other format reproducing or capturing any of the 20 Protected Material. Notwithstanding this provision, Counsel are entitled to retain an archival 21 copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial, deposition, and hearing transcripts, legal memoranda, 22 correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits, expert reports, attorney work product, and 23 consultant and expert work product, even if such materials contain Protected Material. Any such 24 archival copies that contain or constitute Protected Material remain subject to this Protective 25 Order as set forth in Section 4 (DURATION). 26 27 SO STIPULATED. 28 1 DATED: December 14, 2020 _/s/ Ben Nisenbaum_________________ 2 JOHN BURRIS 3 BEN NISENBAUM JAMES COOK 4 Attorneys for Plaintiffs

6 DATED: December 14, 2020 Respectfully submitted, 7

8 _/s/ Katelyn M. Knight_________________ 9 MEERA BHATT KATELYN M. KNIGHT 10 FARRAH HUSSEIN 11 Attorneys for Defendants CITY OF VALLEJO and JARRETT TONN 12

13 14 ORDER 15 Pursuant to the parties’ stipulation, IT IS SO ORDERED. 16 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED THAT: 17 1. Requests to seal documents shall be made by motion before the same judge who will 18 decide the matter related to that request to seal. 19 2. The designation of documents (including transcripts of testimony) as confidential 20 pursuant to this order does not automatically entitle the parties to file such a document with the 21 court under seal. Parties are advised that any request to seal documents in this district is 22 governed by Local Rule 141. In brief, Local Rule 141 provides that documents may only be 23 sealed by a written order of the court after a specific request to seal has been made. L.R. 141(a). 24 However, a mere request to seal is not enough under the local rules. In particular, Local Rule 25 141(b) requires that “[t]he ‘Request to Seal Documents’ shall set forth the statutory or other 26 authority for sealing, the requested duration, the identity, by name or category, of persons to be 27 permitted access to the document, and all relevant information.” L.R. 141(b). 28 1 3. A request to seal material must normally meet the high threshold of showing that 2 “compelling reasons” support secrecy; however, where the material is, at most, “tangentially 3 related” to the merits of a case, the request to seal may be granted on a showing of “good cause.” 4 Ctr. for Auto Safety v. Chrysler Grp., LLC, 809 F.3d 1092, 1096-1102 (9th Cir. 2016); 5 Kamakana v. City and County of Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172, 1178-80 (9th Cir. 2006). 6 4. Nothing in this order shall limit the testimony of parties or non-parties, or the use of 7 certain documents, at any court hearing or trial – such determinations will only be made by the 8 court at the hearing or trial, or upon an appropriate motion. 9 5. With respect to motions regarding any disputes concerning this protective order which 10 the parties cannot informally resolve, the parties shall follow the procedures outlined in Local 11 Rule 251. Absent a showing of good cause, the court will not hear discovery disputes on an ex 12 parte basis or on shortened time. 13 6. The parties may not modify the terms of this Protective Order without the court’s 14 approval. If the parties agree to a potential modification, they shall submit a stipulation and 15 proposed order for the court’s consideration. 16 7. Pursuant to Local Rule 141.1(f), the court will not retain jurisdiction over enforcement 17 of the terms of this Protective Order after the action is terminated. 18 8. Any provision in the parties’ stipulation that is in conflict with anything in this order is 19 hereby DISAPPROVED. 20 DATED: December 15, 2020 /s/ DEBORAH BARNES 21 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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