Mojica v. City of New York

2025 NY Slip Op 31962(U)
CourtNew York Supreme Court, New York County
DecidedJune 3, 2025
DocketIndex No. 450803/2018
StatusUnpublished

This text of 2025 NY Slip Op 31962(U) (Mojica v. City of New York) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New York Supreme Court, New York County primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mojica v. City of New York, 2025 NY Slip Op 31962(U) (N.Y. Super. Ct. 2025).

Opinion

Mojica v City of New York 2025 NY Slip Op 31962(U) June 3, 2025 Supreme Court, New York County Docket Number: Index No. 450803/2018 Judge: Hasa A. Kingo Cases posted with a "30000" identifier, i.e., 2013 NY Slip Op 30001(U), are republished from various New York State and local government sources, including the New York State Unified Court System's eCourts Service. This opinion is uncorrected and not selected for official publication. FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 06/03/2025 04:08 PM INDEX NO. 450803/2018 NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 06/03/2025

SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK NEW YORK COUNTY PRESENT: HON. HASA A. KINGO PART 05M Justice ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------X INDEX NO. 450803/2018 LISA MOJICA, MOTION DATE N/A Plaintiff, MOTION SEQ. NO. 002 -v- THE CITY OF NEW YORK, NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION, CORRECTION DECISION + ORDER ON OFFICER MARIO CARRILLO MOTION Defendant. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------X

The following e-filed documents, listed by NYSCEF document number (Motion 002) 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82 were read on this motion for SUMMARY JUDGMENT .

With the instant motion, the City of New York and the New York City Department of Correction(“DOC”)(collectively, “the City”) seek a judgment as a matter of law dismissing all causes of action asserted against them by Plaintiff Lisa Mojica (“Plaintiff”), as well as any cross- claims filed by co-defendant Correction Officer Mario Carrillo (“Carrillo”), pursuant to CPLR § 3212. In essence, the City argues that it bears no liability because Carrillo’s off-duty, personal conduct in accidentally discharging his Glock 19 handgun at Mamasita Bar & Grill cannot properly be imputed to the City, and because the City lacked any actual or constructive knowledge of Carrillo’s purportedly dangerous propensity to mishandle firearms. Plaintiff and Carrillo oppose, raising ostensible factual disputes concerning Carrillo’s training, the circumstances of the shooting, and whether Carrillo might be considered to have been, at least in part, furthering DOC interests when he met with Plaintiff.

BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

On the evening of May 23, 2017, Plaintiff, a prospective DOC recruit, went to Mamasita Bar & Grill in Manhattan with a mutual friend, purportedly believing she might meet an officer and learn more about life within DOC. Carrillo, off duty and in civilian attire, arrived to speak with Plaintiff supposedly because she was interested in joining DOC. After some initial conversation, Carrillo reached for his personally owned, department-authorized Glock 19 and either began to show Plaintiff how it operated or else the weapon slipped from his waistband. In either event, Carrillo’s finger met the trigger, the pistol discharged, and the bullet struck Plaintiff in her right foot. In the process, Carrillo shot himself in the right ring finger.

Following the shooting, both Plaintiff and Carrillo were transported to Bellevue Hospital. The New York City Police Department (“NYPD”) investigated, and Carrillo was criminally

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charged with Assault in the Third Degree under Penal Law § 120.00(3) (criminal negligence), to which he pleaded guilty. He received a sentence of three years’ probation. Simultaneously, DOC conducted an administrative investigation wherein Carrillo, who had no prior disciplinary history related to firearm misuse or neglect, accepted forfeiture of forty-six days of accumulated leave and served a fourteen-day suspension. Notwithstanding DOC’s concern, Carrillo ultimately returned to full duty in 2018 and continued in DOC service until his retirement in November 2020. At no point before May 2017 was Carrillo accused of mishandling a firearm or engaging in violent or negligent conduct. Indeed, from his initial DOC employment in 2012 through the calendar year 2016, Carrillo underwent annual requalification on his Glock 19, during which his weapon was physically inspected for defects (Instructor Quinn EBT, p. 45–46; Employee Qualification and Shooting History, Ex. E), and he never failed to demonstrate both accuracy and safe handling.

On March 13, 2018, Plaintiff sued the City, DOC, and Carrillo, asserting claims of negligence in hiring, retention, training, supervision, and entrustment, as well as asserted vicarious liability under respondeat superior. The City answered, asserting that Carrillo was off duty and acting outside the scope of his employment at the time of the shooting, and that it had no actual or constructive notice of any dangerous propensity that would render it liable. Carrillo likewise answered, interposing cross-claims against the City for alleged negligent training. After completion of full discovery—including depositions of Carrillo and DOC firearms instructor James Quinn—DOC moved for summary judgment on November 21, 2024, bringing that issue before this court.

ARGUMENTS

The City contends that Carrillo’s actions on May 23, 2017, took place entirely outside the scope of his employment and that, as a matter of law, it cannot be held vicariously liable for an off-duty accident. Carrillo was dressed in civilian clothes, off the clock, at a restaurant unrelated to his official duties, and was not performing any assignment for DOC. The City relies on decades of precedent holding that an officer’s off-duty misadventures—absent any demonstration that the officer was furthering the employer’s business—lie beyond respondeat superior (see Perez v. City of New York, 79 AD3d 835, 836–837 [2d Dept 2010]; Cardona v. Cruz, 271 AD2d 221, 222 [1st Dept 2000]; Claudio v. Sawyer, 126 AD3d 616 [1st Dept 2015]).

Moreover, the City asserts that it had neither actual nor constructive notice of any risk posed by Carrillo. From the date he joined DOC in 2012 until May 2017, Carrillo had an unblemished record with no prior accidental or intentional discharges. He completed annual requalification for both his duty weapon and his off-duty Glock 19 (Ex. E), during which firearms instructors physically inspected the weapon for safety, and Carrillo passed each year without remediation (Instructor Quinn EBT, p. 45–46; Ex. J). Carrillo himself acknowledged in writing that he “understood that possession of a firearm is a serious and personal responsibility” and that he was “familiar with the basic safety rules, principles of handling and safeguarding a firearm” (Request for a Personal Handgun, Ex. J). The City emphasizes that DOC’s Firearms Policy and Procedures (Ex. G) clearly states that off-duty firearm carriage is optional and that each officer must exercise “the highest degree of care and handling…. when carrying a firearm off-duty.” Those policies were fully disclosed to Carrillo, and no evidence suggests any deviation from proper

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protocol prior to May 23, 2017. Accordingly, the City maintains that no reasonable inference of negligent training, hiring, or supervision can be drawn.

Plaintiff argues that there is a triable issue of fact on whether Carrillo was acting, at least in part, within the scope of his employment because he was discussing DOC employment with her, a prospective candidate, thereby furthering DOC’s interests.

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Bluebook (online)
2025 NY Slip Op 31962(U), Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mojica-v-city-of-new-york-nysupctnewyork-2025.