Mitchell v. State

642 So. 2d 1108, 1994 WL 486571
District Court of Appeal of Florida·Decided September 9, 1994·No. 93-2984·Published·Cited by 4 cases

Opinion

642 So.2d 1108 (1994)

Brian Douglas MITCHELL, Appellant,
v.
STATE of Florida, Appellee.

No. 93-2984.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

September 9, 1994.
Clarification Denied October 19, 1994.

*1109 Patrick C. Rastatter of Glass & Rastatter, P.A., Fort Lauderdale, for appellant.

Robert A. Butterworth, Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, and Michelle A. Konig, Asst. Atty. Gen., West Palm Beach, for appellee.

FARMER, Judge.

We reverse an order finding a violation of community control and consequent sentence because the trial judge erred in denying defendant's motion to disqualify him.

Defendant had previously been sentenced to 2 years of community control followed by 3 years probation, after waiving his right to be treated as a juvenile and pleading guilty to armed robbery and leaving the scene of an accident. A condition of his sentence was that he spend 6 weeks in the custody of the Sheriff during the summer of 1993 and another 6 weeks during the summer of 1994. His community control sentence caused him to lose a scholarship to attend college out of state, because such punishment cannot be transferred out of Florida. As a consequence he applied and was admitted to Broward Community College. After his release from his first 6 weeks with the Sheriff in July 1993, he began to seek employment that would not interfere with college. By the time of his arrest for the alleged violations of community control, he had apparently received an offer of a position at Sears.

His community control officer [CCO] decided in early August to seek a revocation based on 5 alleged violations of community control: 2 counts of not being home when he should have been; 1 count of failing to answer questions posed by another officer; and 2 counts of failing to complete employment search forms correctly. As to all of them, defense counsel vigorously asserted either a complete lack of intent to violate or some mitigating circumstance.[1] Counsel worked out an agreement, however, whereby defendant would plead no contest and the CCO *1110 would recommend continuation of the community control but with the added feature of electronic monitoring.

According to affidavits filed later, however, the CCO told defense counsel that on August 3rd she met alone with Judge Goldstein about revoking defendant's community control and that Judge Goldstein had instructed her to file the necessary papers to "issue a warrant and to have [defendant] picked up and to let him sit in jail for several weeks so that he could `think about it.'" When defense counsel arrived for the September 1st hearing, she saw the CCO conferring in chambers with Judge Goldstein.

When the matter was called several minutes later defense counsel responded, saying that she thought the CCO was in the judge's chambers. Defense counsel then explained that she had worked out an arrangement with the CCO to allow the defendant to surrender on August 31st (the previous day) and to have the disposition hearing on September 1st at which the CCO would recommend electronic monitoring, all so that defendant would not be forced to miss any classes at college. To this the court said: "[s]he [CCO] told me what her recommendation was and that was electronic monitoring."

Counsel then urged the court to allow the disposition hearing to take place, as it had already been arranged between the CCO and defense counsel, and as it had already been scheduled through the trial judge's judicial assistant. The judge steadfastly refused to do so, saying that he had a policy requiring alleged violators of community control to be arrested and then sit in jail for a "first hearing." The judge also insisted that this defendant be treated "no differently than any other case" and that meant he would be ultimately sentenced to at least 90 days in jail for the alleged violations.

Defense counsel argued:

"COUNSEL: [Your judicial assistant] set [a final hearing] for today after I explained the entire circumstance to her. [The CCO] was very aware of the fact that the case was going to be set for this morning. She's the one who went along with it, understanding that he had been in jail and understanding that since the warrant was actually signed by you and has been in total compliance. She has no problem with him. He just took a drug test for a job. To have him at this time in the county jail for a couple of weeks as punishment for whatever violation he may have I think is inappropriate."
"COURT: This is not punishment. This is the way the system works in every case."

After additional colloquy between the judge and counsel, the following ensued:

"COURT: We're taking him into custody and if you want to set this for first hearing or final hearing, that's what's going to happen. If he wants to plead —
"COUNSEL: And you'll sentence him to 90 days in jail?
"COURT: I don't know what I'm going to do. We can have a sentencing hearing. I'll speak with [the CCO]. I'll speak with her.
"COUNSEL: She's indicated to me you already had spoken to her.
"COURT: I did.
"COUNSEL: That you told him to surrender and that he should sit for several weeks, and you want to make an impression on him and make him sit for several weeks.
"COURT: I don't recall saying that. But, I do know I want him to surrender just like in any other case. * * *"

Counsel then sought to find out when the court would allow a hearing to be scheduled, and the court replied that the CCO officer would be out of town for at least one week. Counsel pointed out that the she had seen the CCO before the hearing in the judge's chambers, asserting that "she's here today." To this the judge responded:

"COURT: She's not here now.
"COUNSEL: She was here this morning, Judge. You already talked to her this morning.
"COURT: I sure did.
"COUNSEL: And did you ask her to leave, tell her that she could leave?
"COURT: I told her that.
*1111 "COUNSEL: Why?
"COURT: Because we're not doing anything this morning."

After more colloquy, counsel asked whether the court would set a bond on the warrant, to which the court responded "[n]o, I will not." When the court finally stated that the hearing would be set for September 13th, counsel stated:

"COUNSEL: September 13th. I [would] just like the record to reflect the [CCO] was present this morning in your office having discussions with you about this case and that you instructed her to leave.
"COURT: That's correct."

Before the scheduled September 13th hearing, defendant filed a motion to disqualify Judge Goldstein. The motion made extensive reference to the above exchanges at the September 1st hearing, the transcript for which was filed on September 13th. The motion was supported by affidavits from defense counsel and her secretary attesting to conversations with the CCO in which the CCO stated that she had ex parte private conferences with the trial judge about revoking defendant's community control. Though the motion was submitted in the name of the defendant, it was not signed by defendant himself.

At the September 13th hearing, Judge Goldstein announced that the motion to disqualify was legally insuf

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Mitchell v. State, 642 So. 2d 1108, 1994 WL 486571 (Fla. Ct. App. 1994).

642 So. 2d 1108 (Mitchell v. State) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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