Millet v. Schmidt

844 So. 2d 1072, 7 A.L.R. 6th 817, 2002 La.App. 4 Cir. 0756, 2003 La. App. LEXIS 1108, 2003 WL 1879137
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedApril 9, 2003
DocketNo. 2002-CA-0756
StatusPublished

This text of 844 So. 2d 1072 (Millet v. Schmidt) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Millet v. Schmidt, 844 So. 2d 1072, 7 A.L.R. 6th 817, 2002 La.App. 4 Cir. 0756, 2003 La. App. LEXIS 1108, 2003 WL 1879137 (La. Ct. App. 2003).

Opinion

1LEON A. CANNIZZARO, JR., Judge.

This case involves a dental malpractice claim by the plaintiff, Laura Millet, against the defendant, Glenn Schmidt, D.D.S. At trial, Dr. Schmidt stipulated to liability for breaching the standard of care in connection with a root canal procedure he performed on Ms. Millet, and the trial court awarded Ms. Millet actual damages plus $100,000.00 in general damages. Dr. Schmidt is appealing the trial court’s decision on the grounds that the amount of general damages awarded to Ms. Millet was excessive. For the reasons set forth below, this Court affirms the trial court decision.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

On January 4, 1994, Ms. Millet was putting a collar on a dog at the veterinary clinic where she worked, when the dog hit her mouth and injured her upper front teeth. On January 5, 1994, Ms. Millet was treated by Dr. Schmidt for the injury to her teeth. Dr. Schmidt examined Ms. Millet’s teeth, took dental x-rays, and advised Ms. Millet that one of her front teeth, tooth number 8 (the “Tooth,”), needed a root canal. Ms. Millet consented to the root canal, and Dr. Schmidt began the procedure.

| ¡.During the course of the root canal, Dr. Schmidt perforated the Tooth. As a result, Ms. Millet suffered injuries to her gum and her lip, and an opening in the Tooth had to be sealed. Due to the complication that had occurred during the root canal procedure, Dr. Schmidt immediately referred Ms. Millet to Dr. David Toca, an endodontist, who saw Ms. Millet on an emergency basis. Dr. Toca temporarily repaired the Tooth, advised Ms. Millet that additional repair would be necessary, and told her to make another appointment.

Ms. Millet, who was a graduate student at Tulane University in New Orleans at the time, contacted her parents who lived in San Antonio, Texas. They decided that Ms. Millet should return home for further treatment. Upon Ms. Millet’s return to San Antonio, her mother took her to three dental specialists, all of whom advised Ms. Millet that the Tooth would have to be removed and that additional complex dental procedures would be needed.

Ms. Millet then sought treatment from Dr. Donald Masters, a periodontist, and Dr. Winston Bradley Woods, a general dentist, at the Master’s Dental Group in San Antonio. Ms. Millet first saw Dr. Woods on January 7, 1994, and on February 18, 1994, Dr. Masters performed oral surgery on Ms. Millet that revealed not only damage to the Tooth, gum, and lip but also extensive damage to the bone. During the gum surgery, Dr. Wood performed root canal surgery and restored the Tooth. After the gum surgery, Dr. Masters and Dr. Woods advised Ms. Millet that she would ultimately lose the Tooth, but they advised her to keep the Tooth as long as [1074]*1074possible. A series of complex dental procedures would need to be performed to restore the Tooth permanently.

Pursuant to the Louisiana Medical Malpractice Act, La. R.S. 40:1299.41 et. seq., Ms. Millet filed a claim against Dr. Schmidt. A medical review panel found |3that Dr. Schmidt had breached the standard of care by causing a perforation during the root canal that he attempted to perform and that Ms. Millet had suffered damages as a result of the breach.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

La. Civil Code art. 2324.1 provides that “[i]n the assessment of damages in cases of offenses, quasi offenses, and quasi contracts, much discretion must be left to' the judge or jury.” The standard for appellate court review of a trial court’s award of general damages was discussed by the Louisiana Supreme Court in Youn v. Maritime Overseas Corp., 623 So.2d 1257 (La.1993). The Court stated:

“[T]he discretion vested in the trier of fact is “great,” and even vast, so that an appellate court should rarely disturb an award of general damages. Reasonable persons frequently disagree about the measure of damages in a particular case. It is only when the award is, in either direction, beyond that which a reasonable trier of fact could assess for the effects of the particular injury to the particular plaintiff under the particular circumstances that the appellate court should increase or reduce the award.” 623 So.2d at 1261.

See also Reck v. Stevens, 373 So.2d 498 (La.1979); Coco v. Winston Industries, Inc., 341 So.2d 332 (La.1976); Merritt v. Karcioglu, 95-1335 (La.App. 4 Cir. 1/19/96), 668 So.2d 469.

DISCUSSION

In the instant case the trial court judge awarded Ms. Millet $100,000.00 in general damages. Dr. Schmidt contends that the amount of damages awarded to Ms. Millet is excessive and that she should have mitigated her damages for embarrassment and emotional distress by having the Tooth cosmetically restored.

This Court has reviewed the record and finds that the trial judge did not abuse her discretion in awarding general damages of $100,000.00 to Ms. Millet. |4There is ample evidence in the record to support this award. In addition to the embarrassment and emotional distress one would expect any attractive, young woman to suffer from having a discolored and misaligned front tooth, Ms. Millet suffered very serious bone damage from the root canal procedure performed by Dr. Schmidt. This bone damage is what necessitated the complex restorative procedures that Ms. Millet has undergone and will continue to undergo in the future. Because of Dr. Schmidt’s negligence Ms. Millet has had to undergo a number of dental procedures, including oral surgery, to determine the extent of the damage done by Dr. Schmidt, to prepare her mouth for the needed restoration, and to determine exactly what the best method of restoration is. At trial expert witnesses for both sides described restorative procedures that could take as long as one or two years to complete. The procedure preferred by Ms. Millet’s treating dentist involves gradually extruding or elongating the Tooth through orthodontia in the hope that the bone around the Tooth will regenerate to some extent. Then grafts and implants will be needed to replace lost bone and the root of the Tooth so that a crown, or false tooth, can be fitted in place of the Tooth, which the expert witnesses on both sides agreed had to be removed at some point in the restoration process.

[1075]*1075The trial judge was able to view the Tooth, to view the Tooth’s appearance and its effect on Ms. Millet’s overall appearance, and to evaluate the credibility of the expert witnesses’ testimony regarding the bone loss that Ms. Millet suffered. We find that a reasonable trier of fact could have assessed $100,000.00 in general damages considering the particular facts in the instant case. In this case a young, attractive woman had a front tooth that was discolored and misaligned, and there had been a pronounced affect on her appearance. The most serious damage, | Rhowever, was the extensive bone loss that occurred as a direct result of Dr. Schmidt’s negligence. This bone loss was so serious that in order to artificially restore Ms. Millet’s front tooth a series of procedures that could take as long as two years to complete will be necessary. Additionally, according to the testimony of Ms. Millet’s treating dentist, there is a possibility that the restoration process will not produce the desired result. Therefore, the trial judge was acting within her discretion in awarding the general damages.

Dr. Schmidt cited in his brief several cases in which damages were awarded for dental malpractice. Dr.

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Related

Youn v. Maritime Overseas Corp.
623 So. 2d 1257 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1993)
Leaman v. Continental Cas. Co.
798 So. 2d 285 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2001)
Walton v. Cooper/T. Smith Stevedoring
709 So. 2d 941 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1998)
Merritt v. Karcioglu
668 So. 2d 469 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1996)
Coco v. Winston Industries, Inc.
341 So. 2d 332 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1977)
Aisole v. Dean
574 So. 2d 1248 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1991)
Reck v. Stevens
373 So. 2d 498 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1979)

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844 So. 2d 1072, 7 A.L.R. 6th 817, 2002 La.App. 4 Cir. 0756, 2003 La. App. LEXIS 1108, 2003 WL 1879137, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/millet-v-schmidt-lactapp-2003.