Opinion op the Oouet by
Judge Petees :
In March, 1864, S. S. Bnsb and II. O. Sbevell, attorneys at law residing, and practicing tbeir profession as partners in tbe City of Louisville, under an engagement with appellee for tbe purpose, brought two actions for him, and in bis name, against Silas W. Miller, in tbe Jefferson Circuit Court. In tbe one case charging that Miller was indebted to him in tbe sum of $2971.50 for money laid out, and expended, and services performed for bis benefit, and at bis special instance and request, and prayed judgment for said sum. And in tbe other, that be was employed by Miller as bis agent to purchase beef cattle for him in Kentucky and draw on him for tbe price of tbe cattle, which he might purchase from time to time, making tbe drafts therefor payable on sight- — ■ That having purchased cattle under bis [225]*225employment aforesaid, and delivered them to Miller, to the amount of $2850, he drew on him for said sum, making the draft payable on sight at the Bank of Kentucky, and to pay the persons from whom the cattle were purchased got the money on said draft at the branch of said bank at Bowling Green, as they lived near that place. That the holder of the draft sent it to the place of payment, of all which Miller had notice, but refused to accept or pay it, and after having the same protested, the bank sued appellee, and caused him to be arrested, and held to bail, and while in custody, he was compelled to raise the money at great sacrifice, to pay the draft to procure his discharge. And for the alleged wrongs, and the money advanced he sought judgment against Miller for $5,000.
In the last named case Miller filed a demurrer on the May, 1864, and on the same day filed an answer, counter-claim and set-off; a reply was filed by appellee, traversing the material allegations of the counter-claim, but the demurrer was not disposed of. ¡
In the other case appellant on the last named day a demurrer to the petition, but filed no answer, and it does not appear that the court ever disposed of the demurrer.
Appellee took the depositions of quite a conducing to sustain his claims, and whether or not the cases were fully prepared for trial on the part of appellee on the 13th of May, 1861, to which term of the court, they had from time to time been continued it is not necessary, nor proper that this court should express any opinion; but on that day an order to the following effect was made in each case.
On motion of plaintiff by attorney ordered that this case be, and is hereby dismissed and settled.-
Appellee resided in Missouri, and was not present when these orders were made, and may not have even heard of them for a year afterwards.
In June, 1868, he commenced proceedings by rules against his said attorneys, to compel them to pay over to him one thousand dollars which he charged they had received from Miller for dismissing his suits against him, his efforts resulted in a personal judgment against Shivell alone for $1,000, with interest from the 1st of June, 1861, and costs, from which he realized nothing on account of the insolvency, or non-residence of Shivell, [226]*226or both; as to Bush his rules were discharged. He then in January, 1869, instituted two suits in the Louisville Chancery Court against Miller, Bush and Shivell, in which after alleging the facts in relation to the institution of his two actions against Miller as herein stated, and making transcripts thereof parts of his petition, he alleges substantially in each, that he had by the evidence taken by way of deposition established his right to recover against the defendant in said actions, and if the same had been tried on the merits, he would have recovered the amount claimed by him in each, but that on the 23rd of May, 1867, by a fraudulent combination between the defendant in said actions, and his said attorneys, whom he had engaged to prosecute the same, the latter pretended to compromise his demands, against the former— That it does not appear in the orders for the dismissal of his actions which were made without his knowledge, and consent, and without authority that his attorneys received anything therefor; but that they received one thousand dollars from Miller as the consideration for surrendering his claims, and dismissing both of his cases against him, that said attorneys acted without authority from him, and that Miller knew they had no such authority, and that he has never approved or ratified said acts of his attorneys— That he had no information, and never heard that his suits were dismissed until May, 1868, that although his said attorneys knew he resided in Missouri, neither of them ever wrote to him, or informed him of what they had done, that Miller resided in Ohio in May, 1868, and continued to reside there until a few weeks before, he instituted these actions, and that when he made the arrangement with Bush and Shivell to pay them $1,000 to dismiss said actions against him, they were insolvent and he knew it— And concludes with a prayer that the orders dismissing his actions, and the judgments rendered against him for costs, be set aside, and that he be permitted to prosecute his said actions and for general relief.
After Miller’s demurrers to the petitions were overruled, he filed answers, in which he denied that appellee had any causes of actions against him, or had made out the same by proof, but averred that he believed he would if the cases had been tried on their merits recovered judgment on his counter-claim, and that while the actions were pending appellee often applied to him in person to compromise them, which he declined,, but that they [227]*227bad been kept on tbe docket longer tban be expected, tbat be bad in tbe mean time removed to Cincinnati, and wishing to avoid further trouble, and to rid himself of law suits in Kentucky, be became willing to compromise, and accepted a proposition to pay one thousand dollars, and a portion of tbe costs to- settle said suits, and paid tbe money to appellee’s attorneys; but denies tbat it was effected by a fraudulent combination or arrangement with said attorneys, or tbat be thereby perpetuated any fraud on tbe rights of appellee. He avers tbat said attorneys bad authority to make said compromise, and in an amended answer refers to, and makes a letter written by appellee to them a part thereof, by which be insists full authority is given them to compromise tbe suits. He denies having any knowledge, or information sufficient to form a belief of tbe insolvency of said attorneys.
Hpon tbe evidence taken and tbe agreement of facts by tbe parties tbe cases were submitted — and tbe court below being of tbe opinion tbat appellee bad not given bis attorneys any authority to compromise bis said actions, and tbat be bad not ratified said compromise by any act, adjudged tbe orders dismissing them null and void, and further adjudged tbat tbe allegations of tbe petitions were sufficient to give tbe Louisville Chancery Court'jurisdiction to bear and decide tbe cases, and therefore retained them for further preparation and trial on their merits — and from those orders, and judgments Miller has appealed.
Tbe first question presnted for judicial determination is whether tbe judgment appealed from is final.
This court in tbe case of Apperson v. Bondurant, 4 Met. 30,
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Opinion op the Oouet by
Judge Petees :
In March, 1864, S. S. Bnsb and II. O. Sbevell, attorneys at law residing, and practicing tbeir profession as partners in tbe City of Louisville, under an engagement with appellee for tbe purpose, brought two actions for him, and in bis name, against Silas W. Miller, in tbe Jefferson Circuit Court. In tbe one case charging that Miller was indebted to him in tbe sum of $2971.50 for money laid out, and expended, and services performed for bis benefit, and at bis special instance and request, and prayed judgment for said sum. And in tbe other, that be was employed by Miller as bis agent to purchase beef cattle for him in Kentucky and draw on him for tbe price of tbe cattle, which he might purchase from time to time, making tbe drafts therefor payable on sight- — ■ That having purchased cattle under bis [225]*225employment aforesaid, and delivered them to Miller, to the amount of $2850, he drew on him for said sum, making the draft payable on sight at the Bank of Kentucky, and to pay the persons from whom the cattle were purchased got the money on said draft at the branch of said bank at Bowling Green, as they lived near that place. That the holder of the draft sent it to the place of payment, of all which Miller had notice, but refused to accept or pay it, and after having the same protested, the bank sued appellee, and caused him to be arrested, and held to bail, and while in custody, he was compelled to raise the money at great sacrifice, to pay the draft to procure his discharge. And for the alleged wrongs, and the money advanced he sought judgment against Miller for $5,000.
In the last named case Miller filed a demurrer on the May, 1864, and on the same day filed an answer, counter-claim and set-off; a reply was filed by appellee, traversing the material allegations of the counter-claim, but the demurrer was not disposed of. ¡
In the other case appellant on the last named day a demurrer to the petition, but filed no answer, and it does not appear that the court ever disposed of the demurrer.
Appellee took the depositions of quite a conducing to sustain his claims, and whether or not the cases were fully prepared for trial on the part of appellee on the 13th of May, 1861, to which term of the court, they had from time to time been continued it is not necessary, nor proper that this court should express any opinion; but on that day an order to the following effect was made in each case.
On motion of plaintiff by attorney ordered that this case be, and is hereby dismissed and settled.-
Appellee resided in Missouri, and was not present when these orders were made, and may not have even heard of them for a year afterwards.
In June, 1868, he commenced proceedings by rules against his said attorneys, to compel them to pay over to him one thousand dollars which he charged they had received from Miller for dismissing his suits against him, his efforts resulted in a personal judgment against Shivell alone for $1,000, with interest from the 1st of June, 1861, and costs, from which he realized nothing on account of the insolvency, or non-residence of Shivell, [226]*226or both; as to Bush his rules were discharged. He then in January, 1869, instituted two suits in the Louisville Chancery Court against Miller, Bush and Shivell, in which after alleging the facts in relation to the institution of his two actions against Miller as herein stated, and making transcripts thereof parts of his petition, he alleges substantially in each, that he had by the evidence taken by way of deposition established his right to recover against the defendant in said actions, and if the same had been tried on the merits, he would have recovered the amount claimed by him in each, but that on the 23rd of May, 1867, by a fraudulent combination between the defendant in said actions, and his said attorneys, whom he had engaged to prosecute the same, the latter pretended to compromise his demands, against the former— That it does not appear in the orders for the dismissal of his actions which were made without his knowledge, and consent, and without authority that his attorneys received anything therefor; but that they received one thousand dollars from Miller as the consideration for surrendering his claims, and dismissing both of his cases against him, that said attorneys acted without authority from him, and that Miller knew they had no such authority, and that he has never approved or ratified said acts of his attorneys— That he had no information, and never heard that his suits were dismissed until May, 1868, that although his said attorneys knew he resided in Missouri, neither of them ever wrote to him, or informed him of what they had done, that Miller resided in Ohio in May, 1868, and continued to reside there until a few weeks before, he instituted these actions, and that when he made the arrangement with Bush and Shivell to pay them $1,000 to dismiss said actions against him, they were insolvent and he knew it— And concludes with a prayer that the orders dismissing his actions, and the judgments rendered against him for costs, be set aside, and that he be permitted to prosecute his said actions and for general relief.
After Miller’s demurrers to the petitions were overruled, he filed answers, in which he denied that appellee had any causes of actions against him, or had made out the same by proof, but averred that he believed he would if the cases had been tried on their merits recovered judgment on his counter-claim, and that while the actions were pending appellee often applied to him in person to compromise them, which he declined,, but that they [227]*227bad been kept on tbe docket longer tban be expected, tbat be bad in tbe mean time removed to Cincinnati, and wishing to avoid further trouble, and to rid himself of law suits in Kentucky, be became willing to compromise, and accepted a proposition to pay one thousand dollars, and a portion of tbe costs to- settle said suits, and paid tbe money to appellee’s attorneys; but denies tbat it was effected by a fraudulent combination or arrangement with said attorneys, or tbat be thereby perpetuated any fraud on tbe rights of appellee. He avers tbat said attorneys bad authority to make said compromise, and in an amended answer refers to, and makes a letter written by appellee to them a part thereof, by which be insists full authority is given them to compromise tbe suits. He denies having any knowledge, or information sufficient to form a belief of tbe insolvency of said attorneys.
Hpon tbe evidence taken and tbe agreement of facts by tbe parties tbe cases were submitted — and tbe court below being of tbe opinion tbat appellee bad not given bis attorneys any authority to compromise bis said actions, and tbat be bad not ratified said compromise by any act, adjudged tbe orders dismissing them null and void, and further adjudged tbat tbe allegations of tbe petitions were sufficient to give tbe Louisville Chancery Court'jurisdiction to bear and decide tbe cases, and therefore retained them for further preparation and trial on their merits — and from those orders, and judgments Miller has appealed.
Tbe first question presnted for judicial determination is whether tbe judgment appealed from is final.
This court in tbe case of Apperson v. Bondurant, 4 Met. 30, after a review of tbe authorities on the question concluded tbat tbe following rule was deducible therefrom — “That a judgment to be final must not merely decide tbat one of tbe parties is entitled to relief of a final character, but must give tbat relief by its own force, or be enforceable foy that purpose, without further action by the court, or by process for contempt.”
In tbe case of “The Maysville and Lexington Railroad v. Punnett, 15 B. M. 48. It is said “that a final order either terminates tbe action itself, decides some matter litigated by tbe parties, or operates to divest some right in such a manner as to put it out of the power of tbe court making tbe order, after [228]*228the expiration of the term to place the parties in their original position.”
Thompson Booth & Kline, for appellant.
D. M. Hodman, J. B. Cochran, Brown & Murray, for appellees.
Tested by these and other authorizes to the same effect— Can the orders under consideration be considered as final, and from which an appeal will lie to this court?
They certainly do not terminate the actions, for the court expressly retains them for further preparation, that they maybe tried on their merits— Nor have they put it out of the power of the court to place the parties in their original position, although the term at which they were made has expired, for the court may at any subsequent term dismiss the suits, upon the ground that the attorneys had the authority to compromise the former actions, or on the merits, or any other grounds which might seem equitable, or proper.
If the chancellor had set aside the orders dismissing said actions, and ordered the court in whch they were pending to replace 'them on the docket for preparation and trial, (for which his jurisdiction can not be questioned), after the expiration of the term, his power over them would have ceased, and might have put an end to the suits in his court. But he did not make such orders, nor are those made enforceable without further action by the court.
We therefore, conclude that the orders appealed from are not such final orders, or judgments as confer jurisdiction on this court — and the appeals must therefore be dismissed.