Milburn Colliery Company v. David Williams

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
• Decided: April 11, 2024
• Docket: 22-1938
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

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UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

No. 22-1938

MILBURN COLLIERY COMPANY,

Petitioner,

v.

DAVID S. WILLIAMS; DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

Respondents.

On Petition for Review of an Order of the Benefits Review Board. (21-0160 BLA)

Submitted: March 28, 2024 Decided: April 11, 2024

Before WYNN and RICHARDSON, Circuit Judges, and KEENAN, Senior Circuit Judge.

Petition denied by unpublished per curiam opinion.

Ashley Marie Harman, JACKSON KELLY PLLC, Morgantown, West Virginia, for Petitioner. David S. Williams, Respondent Pro Se. Ann Marie Scarpino, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, Washington, D.C., for Federal Respondent.

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PER CURIAM:

Milburn Colliery Company (“Milburn”) petitions this court for review of the

Benefits Review Board’s (BRB) order affirming the Administrative Law Judge’s (ALJ)

decision awarding David S. Williams benefits under the Black Lung Benefits Act, 30

U.S.C. §§ 901 to 944. Milburn first argues that the ALJ erred in calculating the length of

Williams’ coal mine employment and, therefore, in invoking the 15-year presumption of

total disability due to pneumoconiosis under 30 U.S.C. § 921(c)(4). Milburn further

contends that the ALJ’s conclusion that it did not rebut the presumption is irrational,

unsupported by substantial evidence, and contrary to law. Finding no error, we deny the

petition for review.

Our review of a BRB decision upholding an award of benefits is “highly

deferential.” W. Va. CWP Fund v. Dir., OWCP, 880 F.3d 691, 697 (4th Cir. 2018). We

consider “only whether substantial evidence supports the factual findings of the ALJ and

whether the legal conclusions of the [BRB] and ALJ are rational and consistent with

applicable law.” Hobet Mining, LLC v. Epling, 783 F.3d 498, 504 (4th Cir. 2015) (internal

quotation marks omitted). “Substantial evidence is more than a mere scintilla. It means

such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a

conclusion.” Sea “B” Mining Co. v. Addison, 831 F.3d 244, 252 (4th Cir. 2016) (internal

quotation marks omitted). “To determine whether this standard has been met, we consider

whether all of the relevant evidence has been analyzed and whether the ALJ has sufficiently

explained h[er] rationale in crediting certain evidence.” Hobet Mining, LLC, 783 F.3d

at 504 (internal quotation marks omitted).

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Milburn first argues that the ALJ erred in calculating the length of Williams’ coal

mine employment. 1 Specifically, Milburn argues that the ALJ erroneously credited

Williams with 10 years of employment prior to 1965. Milburn contends that the ALJ failed

to explain the method by which she calculated the length of this employment and did not

address the inconsistencies among the existing accounts of Williams’ pre-1965

employment history. However, based on our review of the record, we conclude that the

ALJ’s calculation of the length of Williams’ pre-1965 employment was rational, supported

by substantial evidence, and adequately explained. The ALJ recognized the inconsistencies

in the accounts of Williams’ employment history, explained that Williams’ testimony

established 10 years of pre-1965 coal mine employment, and reasoned that the relevant

evidence largely corroborated his testimony. Moreover, the ALJ also found that Williams

established five full years of coal mine employment after 1965, and Milburn does not

1 We reject Milburn’s contention that a prior ALJ decision denying Williams benefits collaterally estopped the ALJ from considering the length of his employment. Because the prior ALJ denied benefits on the ground that Williams did not have pneumoconiosis, that ALJ’s calculation of Williams’ employment length was not critical or necessary to the decision. See Collins v. Pond Creek Mining Co., 468 F.3d 213, 217 (4th Cir. 2006) (noting that collateral estoppel does not apply unless determination of relevant issue was “a critical and necessary part of the decision in the prior proceeding” (internal quotation marks omitted)). Moreover, while Milburn asserts that the BRB exceeded the scope of its review on this issue by making factual findings not first made by the ALJ, the record reflects that the BRB permissibly applied the legal principles of collateral estoppel to the undisputed facts. See Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. v. Parker, 935 F.2d 20, 23 (4th Cir. 1991) (discussing BRB’s authority to correct legal errors).

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challenge this finding on appeal. Accordingly, we conclude that the ALJ properly invoked

the 15-year presumption of total disability due to pneumoconiosis. 2

Next, Milburn argues that the ALJ erred in finding that it failed to rebut the

presumption of pneumoconiosis. In particular, Milburn contends that the ALJ applied the

wrong legal standard and irrationally discredited the opinions of Drs. Zalvidar and

Spagnolo, who both opined that Williams did not have legal pneumoconiosis. But the ALJ

correctly recognized that, to rebut the presumption that Williams had legal

pneumoconiosis, Milburn had to establish that Williams did not have a disease

“significantly related to, or substantially aggravated by, coal dust exposure.” 20 C.F.R.

§ 718.201(b) (defining legal pneumoconiosis); see 20 C.F.R. § 718.305(d)(1)(i) (providing

that employer can rebut 15-year presumption by establishing that the miner does not have

clinical or legal pneumoconiosis); W. Va. CWP Fund, 880 F.3d at 695 (holding that

employer satisfies the § 718.305(d)(1)(i) “standard for rebuttal” by “prov[ing] the obverse

[of the presumption]: that the miner’s impairment is not significantly related to, or

substantially aggravated by, the [15] years or more he has spent in coal mines” (internal

quotation marks omitted)). And while Drs. Zalvidar and Spagnolo opined that Williams

had asthma, neither doctor adequately explained his conclusion that Williams’ coal dust

2 Since the ALJ properly attributed Williams with 15 years of employment—the minimum amount necessary for invocation of the presumption of disability due to pneumoconiosis—we need not address Milburn’s argument that the ALJ erred in crediting Williams with an additional 4.44 years of partial coal mine employment between 1965 and 1974. See 30 U.S.C. § 921(c)(4); 20 C.F.R. § 718.305(b).

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exposure did not contribute to or aggravate this condition. Therefore, the ALJ reasonably

discounted their opinions. 3

Accordingly, we deny Milburn’s petition for review for the reasons stated by the

BRB. Williams v. Milburn Colliery Co., No. 21-0160 BLA (B.R.B. July 13, 2022). We

dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately

presented in the materials before this court and argument would not aid in the decisional

process.

PETITION DENIED

3 Milburn also argues that the ALJ erroneously credited Dr. Forehand’s opinion that Williams had legal pneumoconiosis, failed to account for the physicians’ qualifications in weighing their opinions, erred in addressing Williams’ hospitalization and treatment records, and erred in concluding that Milburn failed to establish that no part of Williams’ disability was due to pneumoconiosis. However, because the ALJ reasonably discredited the only medical evidence that attempted to rebut the presumption of legal pneumoconiosis, we need not reach Milburn’s additional arguments.