1 2 3 4 5 6 JS-6 7 10 11) MICHELLE TORRES, ) Case No. CV 25-0398 FMO (AGRx) 12 Plaintiff, 13 V. ORDER REMANDING ACTION 14 WIRELESS VISION, LLC, et al., 15 Defendants.
17 On November 6, 2024, Michelle Torres (“plaintiff”) filed a Complaint in the Los Angeles County Superior Court against defendants Wireless Vision, LLC and Wireless Vision Holdings, LLC (“defendants”), asserting state law claims relating to her employment. (See Dkt. 1, Notice of 20 Removal (“NOR”) at J 1); (id., Exh. 1, Complaint). On January 15, 2025, defendants removed the action on diversity jurisdiction grounds pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332 and 1441(b). (See Dkt. 1, 22 NOR at 96). Having reviewed the pleadings, the court hereby remands this action to state court 23 for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c). 24 In general, “any civil action brought in a State court of which the district courts of the United States have original jurisdiction, may be removed by the defendant or the defendants, to the 26 district court[.]” 28 U.S.C. § 1441(a). Aremoving defendant bears the burden of establishing that 27 removal is proper. See Gaus v. Miles, Inc., 980 F.2d 564, 566 (9th Cir. 1992) (per curiam) (“The 28 strong presumption against removal jurisdiction means that the defendant always has the burden
of establishing that removal is proper.”) (internal quotation marks omitted); Abrego Abrego v. The Dow Chem. Co., 443 F.3d 676, 684 (9th Cir. 2006) (per curiam) (noting the “longstanding, near- canonical rule that the burden on removal rests with the removing defendant’). If there is any 4 doubt regarding the existence of subject matter jurisdiction, the court must resolve those doubts in favor of remanding the action to state court.' See Gaus, 980 F.2d at 566 (“Federal jurisdiction must be rejected if there is any doubt as to the right of removal in the first instance.”). Indeed, □□□□□ 7 at any time before final judgment it appears that the district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, 8 the case shall be remanded.” 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c); see Kelton Arms Condo. Owners Ass'n, Inc. v. Homestead Ins. Co., 346 F.3d 1190, 1192 (9th Cir. 2003) (“Subject matter jurisdiction may not 10 be waived, and, indeed, we have held that the district court must remand if it lacks jurisdiction.”); 11 Washington v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 2009 WL 1519894, *1 (C.D. Cal. 2009) (a district court 12 may remand an action where the court finds that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction “either by 13 motion or sua sponte”). 14 When federal subject matter jurisdiction is predicated on diversity of citizenship, see 28 15 U.S.C. § 1332(a),? complete diversity must exist between the opposing parties, see Caterpillar Inc. v. Lewis, 519 U.S. 61, 68, 117 S.Ct. 467, 472 (1996) (stating that the diversity jurisdiction statute 17 “applies only to cases in which the citizenship of each plaintiff is diverse from the citizenship of 18 each defendant’), and the amount in controversy must exceed $75,000. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a). 19 Here, the court’s review of the NOR and the attached state court Complaint makes clear that this 20 court does not have subject matter jurisdiction over the instant matter. See 28 U.S.C. § 1441(a); 21] Caterpillar, Inc. v. Williams, 482 U.S. 386, 392, 107 S.Ct. 2425, 2429 (1987) (“Only state-court 22 actions that originally could have been filed in federal court may be removed to federal court by 23 the defendant.”) (footnote omitted). In other words, plaintiff could not have originally brought this 24 a 25 ' An ‘antiremoval presumption” does not exist in cases removed pursuant to the Class Action Fairness Act (“CAFA”), 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d). See Dart Cherokee Basin Operating Co., LLC v. 26 Owens, 574 U.S. 81, 89, 135 S.Ct. 547, 554 (2014). 27 2 In relevant part, 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a) provides that “district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions where the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of 28 $75,000, exclusive of interest and costs, and is between . . . citizens of different States[.]” 95
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1 2 3 4 5 6 JS-6 7 10 11) MICHELLE TORRES, ) Case No. CV 25-0398 FMO (AGRx) 12 Plaintiff, 13 V. ORDER REMANDING ACTION 14 WIRELESS VISION, LLC, et al., 15 Defendants.
17 On November 6, 2024, Michelle Torres (“plaintiff”) filed a Complaint in the Los Angeles County Superior Court against defendants Wireless Vision, LLC and Wireless Vision Holdings, LLC (“defendants”), asserting state law claims relating to her employment. (See Dkt. 1, Notice of 20 Removal (“NOR”) at J 1); (id., Exh. 1, Complaint). On January 15, 2025, defendants removed the action on diversity jurisdiction grounds pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332 and 1441(b). (See Dkt. 1, 22 NOR at 96). Having reviewed the pleadings, the court hereby remands this action to state court 23 for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c). 24 In general, “any civil action brought in a State court of which the district courts of the United States have original jurisdiction, may be removed by the defendant or the defendants, to the 26 district court[.]” 28 U.S.C. § 1441(a). Aremoving defendant bears the burden of establishing that 27 removal is proper. See Gaus v. Miles, Inc., 980 F.2d 564, 566 (9th Cir. 1992) (per curiam) (“The 28 strong presumption against removal jurisdiction means that the defendant always has the burden
of establishing that removal is proper.”) (internal quotation marks omitted); Abrego Abrego v. The Dow Chem. Co., 443 F.3d 676, 684 (9th Cir. 2006) (per curiam) (noting the “longstanding, near- canonical rule that the burden on removal rests with the removing defendant’). If there is any 4 doubt regarding the existence of subject matter jurisdiction, the court must resolve those doubts in favor of remanding the action to state court.' See Gaus, 980 F.2d at 566 (“Federal jurisdiction must be rejected if there is any doubt as to the right of removal in the first instance.”). Indeed, □□□□□ 7 at any time before final judgment it appears that the district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, 8 the case shall be remanded.” 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c); see Kelton Arms Condo. Owners Ass'n, Inc. v. Homestead Ins. Co., 346 F.3d 1190, 1192 (9th Cir. 2003) (“Subject matter jurisdiction may not 10 be waived, and, indeed, we have held that the district court must remand if it lacks jurisdiction.”); 11 Washington v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 2009 WL 1519894, *1 (C.D. Cal. 2009) (a district court 12 may remand an action where the court finds that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction “either by 13 motion or sua sponte”). 14 When federal subject matter jurisdiction is predicated on diversity of citizenship, see 28 15 U.S.C. § 1332(a),? complete diversity must exist between the opposing parties, see Caterpillar Inc. v. Lewis, 519 U.S. 61, 68, 117 S.Ct. 467, 472 (1996) (stating that the diversity jurisdiction statute 17 “applies only to cases in which the citizenship of each plaintiff is diverse from the citizenship of 18 each defendant’), and the amount in controversy must exceed $75,000. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a). 19 Here, the court’s review of the NOR and the attached state court Complaint makes clear that this 20 court does not have subject matter jurisdiction over the instant matter. See 28 U.S.C. § 1441(a); 21] Caterpillar, Inc. v. Williams, 482 U.S. 386, 392, 107 S.Ct. 2425, 2429 (1987) (“Only state-court 22 actions that originally could have been filed in federal court may be removed to federal court by 23 the defendant.”) (footnote omitted). In other words, plaintiff could not have originally brought this 24 a 25 ' An ‘antiremoval presumption” does not exist in cases removed pursuant to the Class Action Fairness Act (“CAFA”), 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d). See Dart Cherokee Basin Operating Co., LLC v. 26 Owens, 574 U.S. 81, 89, 135 S.Ct. 547, 554 (2014). 27 2 In relevant part, 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a) provides that “district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions where the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of 28 $75,000, exclusive of interest and costs, and is between . . . citizens of different States[.]” 95
1 action in federal court, as plaintiff does not competently allege facts supplying diversity 2 jurisdiction.? See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a). 3 Defendants, limited liability companies (“LLCs”), (see Dkt. 1, NOR at {| 11), contend that 4] complete diversity exists because plaintiff is a citizen of California, (see id. at J] 8-9), and 5 defendant Wireless Vision, LLC’s sole member is defendant Wireless Vision Holdings, LLC, which 6] is headquartered in Michigan and organized under the laws of Delaware. (Id. at 11). “[AJn LLC is acitizen of every state of which its owners/members are citizens.” Johnson v. Columbia Props. Anchorage, LP, 437 F.3d 894, 899 (9th Cir. 2006). Here, defendants set forth Wireless Vision 9] Holdings, LLC’s “several members[,]” which include numerous entities that are LLCs or limited partnerships (“LPs”). (See Dkt. 1, NOR at J 11); (see also Dkt. 1-2, Declaration of Daniel Vandenbos at J 2). But they do not specify the citizenship of its LLC or LP members, and instead 12 state merely their principal places of business and the states where the entities were organized. (See Dkt. 1, NOR at 711). This is insufficient to invoke the court’s diversity jurisdiction because it does not identify what state the LLCs’ and LPs’ members are citizens of nor does it indicate 15 whether any of the members are composed of another layer of limited liability companies or limited 16 partnerships. See Lindley Contours, LLC v. AABB Fitness Holdings, Inc., 414 F.Appx. 62, 64-65 17 (9th Cir. 2011) (holding that allegation that no member of limited partnership “is an Oregon citizen” is insufficient to establish complete diversity because such an assertion does “not identify of what state they are a citizen nor whether they are composed of another layer of partnerships”). Of 20 course, to the extent any of Wireless Vision Holdings, LLC’s members include other LLCs, partnerships, or limited partnerships, the citizenship of each individual member of those entities 22 must also be alleged. See id. 23 In short, defendants have “failed to satisfy their burden to show complete diversity between the parties.” Lindley, 414 F.Appx. at 64; see Amescua v. Peacock TV LLC, 2024 WL 39192, *3 25 (C.D. Cal. 2024) (remanding action where LLC defendant “fail[ed] to specifically identify [its] 26 member’s members and allege each one’s citizenship”). Given that any doubt regarding the 27 28 3 Defendants seek only to invoke the court’s diversity jurisdiction. (See Dkt. 1, NOR).
1 existence of subject matter jurisdiction must be resolved in favor of remanding the action to state 2 court, see Gaus, 980 F.2d at 566, the court is not persuaded, under the circumstances here, that 3 defendants have met their burden. Therefore, there is no basis for diversity jurisdiction. 4 This Order is not intended for publication. Nor is it intended to be included in or 5 submitted to any online service such as Westlaw or Lexis. 6 Based on the foregoing, IT IS ORDERED THAT: 7 1. The above-captioned action shall be remanded to the Superior Court of the State of 8 California for the County of Los Angeles, for lack of subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to 28 9 U.S.C. § 1447(c). 10 2. The Clerk shall send a certified copy of this Order to the state court. 11 Dated this 31st day of January, 2025. 12 13 /s/ Fernando M. Olguin 14 United States District Judge 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28