[Cite as Michaels v. Michaels, 2011-Ohio-6606.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS )ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COUNTY OF SUMMIT )
KIMBERLY A. MICHAELS C.A. No. 25866
Appellant
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT ENTERED IN THE ARTHUR J. MICHAELS, et al. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO Appellees CASE No. CV 2010-07-5036
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: December 21, 2011
DICKINSON, Judge.
INTRODUCTION
{¶1} Kimberly Michaels filed her second amended complaint by the trial court’s
deadline, but it took the clerk of courts over ten days to docket it. The court, unable to see that
Ms. Michaels had timely filed an amendment, dismissed her case. Ms. Michaels moved to
vacate the judgment, but the trial court denied her motion because she had not followed all of its
instructions regarding the filing of the amendment and because she did not show that she had a
meritorious claim. Ms. Michaels has appealed, assigning as error that the trial court incorrectly
denied her motion to vacate. We affirm because Ms. Michaels has not argued, let alone
established, that she had a meritorious claim to present if her motion had been granted.
BACKGROUND
{¶2} Ms. Michaels filed a creditor’s bill against Arthur Michaels and several
companies in which he allegedly has an ownership interest, seeking to recover the amount he 2
owes her under a 2007 judgment entry. Mr. Michaels and the companies moved to dismiss the
complaint, arguing that she failed to allege that he has an equitable interest in any of the
companies that could be subject to a creditor’s bill. The trial court allowed Ms. Michaels to
amend her complaint, but Mr. Michaels and the companies renewed their motions. Ms. Michaels
moved to amend her complaint again, which the trial court allowed, so long as she submitted her
amendment within 21 days and gave the court a courtesy copy on the same day that she filed it
with the clerk of courts. Ms. Michaels filed her second amended complaint within the 21-day
deadline, but did not give the court a courtesy copy. A week after the deadline passed, the trial
court reviewed the docket, saw no indication that an amendment had been filed, and dismissed
the case. Ms. Michaels moved to vacate the court’s judgment, arguing that she had filed her
amendment within the 21-day deadline. The trial court denied her motion, noting that she had
not followed the court’s courtesy copy instruction and determining that she “failed to establish
that a meritorious claim existed in the second amended complaint[.]”
MOTION TO VACATE
{¶3} Ms. Michaels’s assignment of error is that the trial court incorrectly denied her
motion to vacate. Unless a trial court’s judgment is void, a motion to vacate or motion for relief
from judgment is governed by Rule 60(B) of the Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure. EMC Mortgage
Co. Inc. v. Atkinson, 9th Dist. No. 25067, 2011-Ohio-59, at ¶2-3 (explaining that civil rules
eliminated trial courts’ common law authority to vacate or modify their judgments). Under Civil
Rule 60(B), a trial court “may relieve a party . . . from a final judgment . . . for the following
reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence
. . . ; (3) fraud . . . , misrepresentation or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment
has been satisfied, released or discharged . . . ; or (5) any other reason justifying relief from the 3
judgment.” “The motion shall be made within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2) and (3)
not more than one year after the judgment . . . was entered or taken.” Civ. R. 60(B). Interpreting
the rule, the Ohio Supreme Court has held that, “[t]o prevail on a motion brought under [Civil
Rule] 60(B), the movant must demonstrate that: (1) the party has a meritorious defense or claim
to present if relief is granted; (2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in
Civ.R. 60(B)(1) through (5); and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time . . . .” GTE
Automatic Elec. Inc. v. ARC Indus. Inc., 47 Ohio St. 2d 146, paragraph two of the syllabus
(1976).
{¶4} In her motion to vacate, Ms. Michaels argued that she properly filed her second
amended complaint within the deadline imposed by the trial court. She did not argue that she
had a meritorious claim to present if relief was granted. Accordingly, regardless of the propriety
of the trial court’s enforcement of its courtesy copy requirement, Ms. Michaels has failed to
demonstrate that she satisfied all of the conditions precedent to being entitled to relief under
Civil Rule 60(B). Her assignment of error, therefore, must be overruled.
CONCLUSION
{¶5} Ms. Michaels has not established that she would have had a meritorious claim to
present if the trial court had granted her motion to vacate. Her assignment of error is overruled,
and the judgment of the Summit County Common Pleas Court is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal. 4
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(E). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
Costs taxed to Appellant.
CLAIR E. DICKINSON FOR THE COURT
WHITMORE, J. CONCURS
BELFANCE, P. J. DISSENTS, SAYING:
{¶6} I respectfully dissent, as I would conclude the trial court erred in failing to vacate
its judgment dismissing Ms. Michaels’ action.
{¶7} In an attempt to satisfy a $650,000 judgment obtained in her divorce case, Ms.
Michaels brought a creditor’s bill against Mr. Michaels, her ex-husband, and numerous business
entities, many of which bear the Michaels name. Mr. Michaels and the entities promptly
responded by filing motions to dismiss and motions for summary judgment. They generally
argued that Ms. Michaels’ complaint was deficient pursuant to R. C. 2333.01 because she failed 5
to allege that Mr. Michaels had an equitable interest in some type of property that was held by
the business entities. The trial court issued an entry in which it declined to grant summary
judgment as to five of the named defendants and in which it gave Ms. Michaels twenty-one days
to amend her complaint to properly allege an action for a creditors’ bill. In that judgment, the
trial court noted that neither side had been delivering courtesy copies of the pleadings to the
court and that the parties were required to do so.
{¶8} Ms. Michaels amended her complaint within the time allowed by the court but the
court was unaware that she had done so. Unlike her initial complaint she now alleged that Mr.
Michaels possessed equitable rights or interests in money and other types of assets that were
under the control of the defendant entities. The trial court issued an order dismissing the
complaint on the ground that Ms. Michaels had failed to file an amended complaint alleging an
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[Cite as Michaels v. Michaels, 2011-Ohio-6606.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS )ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COUNTY OF SUMMIT )
KIMBERLY A. MICHAELS C.A. No. 25866
Appellant
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT ENTERED IN THE ARTHUR J. MICHAELS, et al. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO Appellees CASE No. CV 2010-07-5036
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: December 21, 2011
DICKINSON, Judge.
INTRODUCTION
{¶1} Kimberly Michaels filed her second amended complaint by the trial court’s
deadline, but it took the clerk of courts over ten days to docket it. The court, unable to see that
Ms. Michaels had timely filed an amendment, dismissed her case. Ms. Michaels moved to
vacate the judgment, but the trial court denied her motion because she had not followed all of its
instructions regarding the filing of the amendment and because she did not show that she had a
meritorious claim. Ms. Michaels has appealed, assigning as error that the trial court incorrectly
denied her motion to vacate. We affirm because Ms. Michaels has not argued, let alone
established, that she had a meritorious claim to present if her motion had been granted.
BACKGROUND
{¶2} Ms. Michaels filed a creditor’s bill against Arthur Michaels and several
companies in which he allegedly has an ownership interest, seeking to recover the amount he 2
owes her under a 2007 judgment entry. Mr. Michaels and the companies moved to dismiss the
complaint, arguing that she failed to allege that he has an equitable interest in any of the
companies that could be subject to a creditor’s bill. The trial court allowed Ms. Michaels to
amend her complaint, but Mr. Michaels and the companies renewed their motions. Ms. Michaels
moved to amend her complaint again, which the trial court allowed, so long as she submitted her
amendment within 21 days and gave the court a courtesy copy on the same day that she filed it
with the clerk of courts. Ms. Michaels filed her second amended complaint within the 21-day
deadline, but did not give the court a courtesy copy. A week after the deadline passed, the trial
court reviewed the docket, saw no indication that an amendment had been filed, and dismissed
the case. Ms. Michaels moved to vacate the court’s judgment, arguing that she had filed her
amendment within the 21-day deadline. The trial court denied her motion, noting that she had
not followed the court’s courtesy copy instruction and determining that she “failed to establish
that a meritorious claim existed in the second amended complaint[.]”
MOTION TO VACATE
{¶3} Ms. Michaels’s assignment of error is that the trial court incorrectly denied her
motion to vacate. Unless a trial court’s judgment is void, a motion to vacate or motion for relief
from judgment is governed by Rule 60(B) of the Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure. EMC Mortgage
Co. Inc. v. Atkinson, 9th Dist. No. 25067, 2011-Ohio-59, at ¶2-3 (explaining that civil rules
eliminated trial courts’ common law authority to vacate or modify their judgments). Under Civil
Rule 60(B), a trial court “may relieve a party . . . from a final judgment . . . for the following
reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence
. . . ; (3) fraud . . . , misrepresentation or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment
has been satisfied, released or discharged . . . ; or (5) any other reason justifying relief from the 3
judgment.” “The motion shall be made within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2) and (3)
not more than one year after the judgment . . . was entered or taken.” Civ. R. 60(B). Interpreting
the rule, the Ohio Supreme Court has held that, “[t]o prevail on a motion brought under [Civil
Rule] 60(B), the movant must demonstrate that: (1) the party has a meritorious defense or claim
to present if relief is granted; (2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in
Civ.R. 60(B)(1) through (5); and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time . . . .” GTE
Automatic Elec. Inc. v. ARC Indus. Inc., 47 Ohio St. 2d 146, paragraph two of the syllabus
(1976).
{¶4} In her motion to vacate, Ms. Michaels argued that she properly filed her second
amended complaint within the deadline imposed by the trial court. She did not argue that she
had a meritorious claim to present if relief was granted. Accordingly, regardless of the propriety
of the trial court’s enforcement of its courtesy copy requirement, Ms. Michaels has failed to
demonstrate that she satisfied all of the conditions precedent to being entitled to relief under
Civil Rule 60(B). Her assignment of error, therefore, must be overruled.
CONCLUSION
{¶5} Ms. Michaels has not established that she would have had a meritorious claim to
present if the trial court had granted her motion to vacate. Her assignment of error is overruled,
and the judgment of the Summit County Common Pleas Court is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal. 4
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(E). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
Costs taxed to Appellant.
CLAIR E. DICKINSON FOR THE COURT
WHITMORE, J. CONCURS
BELFANCE, P. J. DISSENTS, SAYING:
{¶6} I respectfully dissent, as I would conclude the trial court erred in failing to vacate
its judgment dismissing Ms. Michaels’ action.
{¶7} In an attempt to satisfy a $650,000 judgment obtained in her divorce case, Ms.
Michaels brought a creditor’s bill against Mr. Michaels, her ex-husband, and numerous business
entities, many of which bear the Michaels name. Mr. Michaels and the entities promptly
responded by filing motions to dismiss and motions for summary judgment. They generally
argued that Ms. Michaels’ complaint was deficient pursuant to R. C. 2333.01 because she failed 5
to allege that Mr. Michaels had an equitable interest in some type of property that was held by
the business entities. The trial court issued an entry in which it declined to grant summary
judgment as to five of the named defendants and in which it gave Ms. Michaels twenty-one days
to amend her complaint to properly allege an action for a creditors’ bill. In that judgment, the
trial court noted that neither side had been delivering courtesy copies of the pleadings to the
court and that the parties were required to do so.
{¶8} Ms. Michaels amended her complaint within the time allowed by the court but the
court was unaware that she had done so. Unlike her initial complaint she now alleged that Mr.
Michaels possessed equitable rights or interests in money and other types of assets that were
under the control of the defendant entities. The trial court issued an order dismissing the
complaint on the ground that Ms. Michaels had failed to file an amended complaint alleging an
action for a creditor’s bill. Ms. Michaels filed a motion to vacate the order of dismissal the very
next day. Ms. Michaels attached a copy of the time-stamped amended complaint to the motion.
{¶9} The trial court’s dismissal amounted to a dismissal pursuant to Civ.R. 41(B)(1),
which provides that, “[w]here the plaintiff fails to prosecute, or comply with these rules or any
court order, the court upon motion of a defendant or on its own motion may, after notice to the
plaintiff’s counsel, dismiss an action or claim.” (Emphasis added.).
{¶10} Since Ms. Michaels complied with the trial court’s order with respect to amending
her complaint, and there were no outstanding motions to dismiss relative to the newly filed
amended complaint, the only basis for the dismissal would be the failure to comply with the
court’s order to provide courtesy copies. Notably, the trial court had means other than dismissal
to enforce its order to the attorneys to provide courtesy copies. However, assuming that it is
proper to dismiss a complaint for failure to provide a courtesy copy, the trial court could only sua 6
sponte dismiss the complaint after giving notice to the plaintiff’s counsel of its intention to
dismiss for the failure to provide a courtesy copy. The trial court did not provide any notice and
therefore it should have vacated its dismissal. The purpose of Civil Rule 60(B) is to accord relief
where the interest of justice outweighs the interest in according finality to litigation. Colley v
Bazell (1980), 64 Ohio St.2d 243, 248 (Civ.R. 60 attempts to “strike a proper balance between
the conflicting principles that litigation must be brought to an end and justice should be done.”)
(Internal quotations and citations omitted.). In addition, Civ.R. 60(B) is a remedial rule to be
liberally construed. Rose Chevrolet, Inc. v. Adams (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 17, 21 (“Civ.R. 60(B)
is a remedial rule to be liberally construed with a view toward effecting a just result.”). In this
case, the interest of justice outweighs the interest in finality, especially under circumstances
where the parties have not litigated the matter and are at the pleading stages of the case and the
amended complaint was in fact timely filed. Furthermore, by attaching a copy of the amended
complaint to her motion, Ms. Michaels demonstrated that she had a meritorious defense.
Accordingly, I would reverse the judgment of the trial court and remand for further proceedings.
APPEARANCES:
JEFFREY V. HAWKINS, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
RONALD N. TOWNE, Attorney at Law, for Appellee.
ANDREW J. MICHAELS, Attorney at Law, for Appellees.