METRO ELEC. & MAINTENANCE v. Bank One Corp.

924 So. 2d 446, 59 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 764, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 380, 2006 WL 473740
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMarch 1, 2006
Docket05-1045
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 924 So. 2d 446 (METRO ELEC. & MAINTENANCE v. Bank One Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
METRO ELEC. & MAINTENANCE v. Bank One Corp., 924 So. 2d 446, 59 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 764, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 380, 2006 WL 473740 (La. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

924 So.2d 446 (2006)

METRO ELECTRIC & MAINTENANCE, INC.
v.
BANK ONE CORPORATION and Janece Riser.

No. 05-1045.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

March 1, 2006.

*447 Wayne Allen Shullaw, Attorney at Law, Lafayette, LA, for Defendant-Appellant: JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA.

Chris Paul Villemarette, Hawkins & Villemarette, Lafayette, LA, for Plaintiff-Appellee: Metro Electric & Maintenance, Inc.

J. Quentin Simon, Attorney at Law, Lafayette, LA, for Plaintiff-Appellee: Metro Electric & Maintenance, Inc.

Court composed of OSWALD A. DECUIR, JIMMIE C. PETERS, and ELIZABETH A. PICKETT, Judges.

PICKETT, Judge.

The appellant, JP Morgan Chase Bank[1], appeals the judgment of the trial court finding it liable for failing to prevent the theft perpetrated by Janece Riser.

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

Charles Riser owns and operates two corporations, Metro Electric & Maintenance, Inc., (Metro Electric) and Computer Power & Technology, Inc. (Computer Power). While both were on-going concerns at all relevant times, Metro Electric had customers and current accounts receivables and Computer Power had no customers and limited accounts receivables. *448 Mr. Riser's daughter, Janece Riser, was the office manager and bookkeeper for both companies. Ms. Riser's duties included documenting accounts receivables as they came in and depositing them into Metro Electric's account at Bank One. Computer Power also had a checking account with Bank One, but there was little activity with the account, since it had no customers and no employees, though some bills, like the telephone bill, were paid through Computer Power's account, and some checks that were written to Computer Power were deposited into the account. Ms. Riser also reconciled bank statements.

In March 2001, Ms. Riser began embezzling funds from the Computer Power account by writing a $500.00 check to herself and forging her father's signature on the check. Ms. Riser continued to write herself checks until she depleted the funds in the account. Beginning on October 4, 2001, Ms. Riser deposited checks made payable to Metro Electric into the Computer Power account at Bank One. The payee on these checks is clearly Metro Electric. The indorsements on the back of the checks vary. Some have "For Deposit Only" and Computer Power's account number, some only the account number, and some include the initials "C.P.T." or the words "Computer Power Tech." Some checks have no indorsement at all. Some checks have the indorsement "Payable to Computer Power Tech / Metro Electric" and either the account number or the forged signature of Charles Riser. Some checks have the indorsement "For Deposit Only / CPT / Metro Electric" followed by the account number and the forged signature of Charles Riser.

Ms. Riser continued depositing checks payable to Metro Electric into Computer Power's account and writing herself checks from the Computer Power account until May 2003. In total, she wrote herself forged checks in the amount of $124,219.24. The total amount of the Metro Electric checks deposited into the Computer Power account was $125,023.33. In May 2003, Ms. Riser was out of the office on vacation and Mr. Riser was picking up the mail from the post office. He discovered an NSF notice from Bank One on the Computer Power account. When he contacted the bank, he discovered that Ms. Riser had been embezzling funds from the Computer Power account and depositing checks payable to Metro Electric in the Computer Power account.

On August 12, 2003, Metro Electric filed this suit against Bank One and Janece Riser alleging that Bank One was negligent in allowing Ms. Riser to deposit checks made payable to Metro Electric into Computer Power's account. Metro Electric claimed it suffered damages in the amount of $124,219.24, the total amount of the checks Ms. Riser stole. Bank One answered and filed a cross claim against Ms. Riser. Ms. Riser never answered the suit, and a default judgment was entered against her and in favor of Metro Electric and JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (Chase), who by this time had been substituted as the defendant. Following a trial, the trial court found in favor of Metro Electric and against Chase for $124,219.24. Chase now appeals.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

The appellant, JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., asserts two assignments of error:

1. The trial court erred in failing to rule on Chase Bank's Exception of Prescription.
2. The trial court erred in failing to apply the applicable law to the non-prescribed portion of Metro Electric's claim.

*449 DISCUSSION

The first issue that must be determined is what law to apply. Chase argues that the actions of Janece Riser constitute a conversion pursuant to La.R.S. 10:3-420. We agree. Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:3-420 states:

(a) An instrument is converted when
(i) a drawee to whom it is delivered for acceptance refuses to return it on demand; or
(ii) any person to whom it is delivered for payment refuses on demand either to pay or to return it; or
(iii) it is taken by transfer, other than a negotiation, from a person not entitled to enforce the instrument or a bank makes or obtains payment with respect to the instrument for a person not entitled to enforce the instrument or receive payment.
(b) An action for conversion of an instrument may not be brought by (i) the issuer or acceptor of the instrument or (ii) a payee or indorsee who did not receive delivery of the instrument either directly or through delivery to an agent or co-payee or (iii) by the drawer.
(c) In an action under Subsection (a), the measure of liability is presumed to be the amount payable on the instrument, but recovery may not exceed the amount of the plaintiff's interest in the instrument.
(d) A representative other than a depositary bank, who has in good faith dealt with an instrument or its proceeds on behalf of one who was not the person entitled to enforce the instrument is not liable in conversion to that person beyond the amount of any proceeds that it has not paid out.
(e) Nothing in this Section prevents the owner of an instrument that has been wrongfully taken from him and not negotiated from requiring the drawer or maker to issue a substitute for it.
(f) Any action for conversion or an action for replacement under Subsection (e) prescribes in one year.

The applicable section in this case is section (a)(iii). Under the relevant portions of the section, there is a conversion if a bank "obtains payment with respect to the instrument for a person not entitled to enforce the instrument or receive payment." In this case, Bank One obtained payment with respect to instruments payable to Metro Electric for Computer Power, who was neither entitled to enforce the instrument nor to receive payment on the instrument.

Metro Electric would have us find that this was not a conversion, but that "Bank One simply deposited the money into the wrong account." This reasoning ignores how the checks were deposited into the Computer Power account. This was not a case of the bank accidentally diverting funds from one account to another through a clerical error. Bank One accepted checks clearly payable to Metro Electric for deposit into the Computer Power account without requiring any indorsement making the checks payable to Computer Power.

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924 So. 2d 446, 59 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 764, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 380, 2006 WL 473740, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/metro-elec-maintenance-v-bank-one-corp-lactapp-2006.