Metcalf v. Metcalf

219 Ill. App. 96, 1920 Ill. App. LEXIS 126
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedOctober 12, 1920
DocketGen. No. 6,834
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 219 Ill. App. 96 (Metcalf v. Metcalf) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Metcalf v. Metcalf, 219 Ill. App. 96, 1920 Ill. App. LEXIS 126 (Ill. Ct. App. 1920).

Opinion

Mr. Presiding Justice Dibell

delivered the opinion of the court.

This is a bill in equity brought by Reuben P. Met-calf to foreclose a trust deed on land in Kankakee county, given to secure four notes, a principal note for the sum of $1,200, due three years after date, and three coupon notes of $120 each, due respectively in one, two and three years after date, all drawing interest at 10 per cent per annum after maturity. The trust deed- and notes were dated March 21, 1872. It is claimed that the debt has been kept alive by payments and other matters hereinafter stated. The notes and trust deed were given by Silas Metcalf and his then wife. It is claimed that the trust deed and notes were assigned by E. C. Dwelle, the grantee and payee, to Fisher Metcalf, and were afterwards by him assigned to Reuben P. Metcalf, the complainant. Silas Metcalf died May 15, 1918, leaving a widow and no descendants surviving him. By his last will, which was admitted to probate in Kankakee county, he gave a life estate in all his property to Jemima Metcalf, his widow (not the wife who signed the instruments being foreclosed), and subject thereto he gave all his property to Neil Metcalf, whom he described in the will as the boy whom he brought up, and who was not shown to be any relation to him. Fisher Metcalf was the father of Silas, Spencer, Reuben, Frank and Edwin Metcalf. The bill was filed August 24, 1918, against Jemima Metcalf, the widow, Neil Metcalf, personally and as executor of the will of Silas Metcalf, and Edwin Metcalf. The widow ahd Neil answered. Edwin did not answer and what' interest he had does not appear. The answer called for proof of the execution and alleged assignments of the instruments in question, and alleged that if there were such instruments they had been paid, and it set up the statute of limitations. The cause was tried and there was a decree of foreclosure for $8,140 and costs. The widow and Neil filed separate appeal bonds and' bring the case here upon one record.

Complainant filed an affidavit of the loss of the notes as a basis for secondary evidence of their contents. It is denied by appellants that he was competent to make that affidavit. Complainant was not a competent witness generally, under section 2 of the Evidence Act (J. & A. (f 5519), because the suit is against the devisees of a deceased person. When parties were wholly incompetent to testify on their own behalf in all cases, still a plaintiff could make the affidavit of loss of an instrument necessary to lay the foundation for secondary proof of its contents. In Dormady v. State Bank of Illinois, 3 Ill. (2 Scam.) 236 (in 1840), it was held that the practice of admitting the oath of a party as evidence of loss of a paper arises from the necessity of the case, and that it is not to go to the jury, but is addressed to the court to establish the right of the party to introduce secondary evidence to prove the contents of the lost paper. In Palmer v. Logan, 4 Ill. (3 Scam.) 56, in announcing the same rule, the court said: “Much serious and irreparable injustice might be done to individuals, should a different rule prevail. There are many circumstances which might, and most probably would, prevent any other person from knowing the fact of a loss or destruction of a private writing.” In Wade v. Wade, 12 Ill. 89 (in 1850), it was held that the oath of a party was competent and sufficient to lay the foundation for secondary evidence of the contents of a lost note. Parties were made competent to testify generally (but not against devisees and the like), by the Act of 1867. Gross’ Statutes, p. 286. In Becker v. Quigg, 54 Ill. 390, the court said:

“This court has gone to this extent, and no farther: that a party to the suit may make an ex parte affidavit as to the loss of a paper, so as to permit secondary evidence of the contents. This arises from the necessity of the case. Until our recent statute, parties could not be witnesses, except in special cases before justices of the peace. The general rule was, that a man could not be a witness in his own cause. The exception has been made, as promotive of justice, and from the fact that the loss of a paper is generally known only to the party.”

Taylor v. McIrvin, 94 Ill. 488. In Tayloe v. Riggs, 1 Pet. (U. S.) 591 (in 1828), Chief Justice Marshall, speaking for the court on this subject, said:

‘' As the fact is generally known only to the party himself, there would seem to be a necessity for receiving his affidavit in support of it. * * * In the case before the court it is not probable that any other testimony of the loss of the paper was attainable; and we think the affidavit of the party laid a proper foundation- for the admission of secondary evidence.”

The affidavit was therefore proper to be received by the court as a basis for secondary evidence of the contents of the notes. But it was not proof of their contents. Complainant was examined as a witness on the same subject, subject to objection. As there was no jury, defendants were not harmed thereby, though complainant was not a competent general witness on that subject. In the affidavit complainant stated, among other things, that he kept the notes in a trunk at his residence; that since September 8, 1917, he has lost the notes or that the sam'e have- been abstracted; that he has carefully searched said trunk and all places in his residence' and elsewhere where he kept papers of that kind and where said notes might likely be found, and was unable to find them; that they were not intentionally lost or disposed of for the purpose of introducing secondary evidence thereof; that the last he knew of them they were in his possession in said trunk, and that it was not in his power to produce them at the trial. The affidavit was sufficient to authorize secondary evidence of the contents of the notes.

Defendants answered that the remedy sought was barred by the statute of limitations, but did not state what statute was relied upon. The notes were made in Illinois and were secured on land in Illinois, but they were payable at Rushville, Yates County; New York. Remedies on contracts are to be regulated and pursued according to the law of the place where the action is instituted. As the statute operated merely upon the remedy, the law of the forum controls. Wood on Limitations, sec. 8; 13 Am. & Eng. Encyc. of Law (1st Ed.) 768. These notes were given March 21, 1872. The statute of Illinois for the limitations of action on notes was then 16 years. Gross’ Statutes, ch. 66, par. 17, p. 430. That Act of November 5, 1849, was repealed in 1872 by section 24 (J. & A. ff 7219) of the Limitation Act then adopted, section 16 (J. & A. 7211) of which made the limitation on such instruments 10 years, but said section 24 contained this provision: “But this section shall not be construed so as to affect any rights or liabilities, or any causes of action, that may have accrued before this Act shall take effect.” Said Act of November 5, 1849, was again repealed in 1874 by the general repealing Act, chapter 131, sec. 1, par. 138 (J. & A. ff 11106), but section 2 (J. & A.

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Bluebook (online)
219 Ill. App. 96, 1920 Ill. App. LEXIS 126, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/metcalf-v-metcalf-illappct-1920.