Merick Trucking, Inc. v. Missouri Division of Employment Security, Labor & Industrial Relations Commission

902 S.W.2d 871, 1995 Mo. App. LEXIS 1320, 1995 WL 424119
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 20, 1995
DocketNo. 19923
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 902 S.W.2d 871 (Merick Trucking, Inc. v. Missouri Division of Employment Security, Labor & Industrial Relations Commission) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Merick Trucking, Inc. v. Missouri Division of Employment Security, Labor & Industrial Relations Commission, 902 S.W.2d 871, 1995 Mo. App. LEXIS 1320, 1995 WL 424119 (Mo. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

MONTGOMERY, Judge.

This action involves a petition for judicial review of a decision by the Labor and Industrial Relations Commission (Commission) under the Missouri Employment Security Law, chapter 288, RSMo.1 The Commission affirmed a decision from the Appeals Tribunal of the Missouri Division of Employment Security holding that a trucker was an employee rather than an independent contractor under the provisions of § 288.034.5.

The only issue before this Court is whether William Haynes, as an independent contractor, leased a truck and trailer from Mer-ick Trucking, Inc. (Meriek), or whether Haynes was paid wages as Merick’s employee while operating the truck and trailer. If Haynes was an employee, he is entitled to wage credits for his unemployment claim and Meriek is liable for employment security taxes resulting from such employment. If Haynes was an independent contractor, he is not entitled to wage credits and Meriek has no tax liability.

The Commission found that the services Haynes performed for Meriek were “employment” subject to chapter 288 and rejected Merick’s contention that Haynes was an independent contractor under the test enumerated in § 288.034.5. Merick’s petition for review was filed in the Circuit Court of Butler County. The court entered an order [873]*873affirming the findings of the Commission. Merick appeals.2

On this appeal, we review the decision of the Commission, not the judgment of the circuit court. Burns v. Labor and Indus. Relations Comm’n, 845 S.W.2d 558, 554 (Mo. banc 1993). The findings of the Commission as to facts, if supported by competent and substantial evidence and in the absence of fraud, are conclusive. Id. at 554-55. Determination of the credibility of witnesses is a function of the Commission. Id. at 555. This Court reviews the evidence in a light most favorable to the findings and decision of the Commission and disregards all opposing and unfavorable evidence. Id.

Section 288.034.5 reads:

Service performed by an individual for remuneration shall be deemed to be employment subject to this law unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the division that such services were performed by an independent contractor. In determining the existence of the independent contractor relationship, the common law of agency right to control shall be applied. The common law of agency right to control test shall include but not be limited to: If the alleged employer retains the right to control the manner and means by which the results are to be accomplished, the individual who performs the service is an employee. If only the results are controlled, the individual performing the service is an independent contractor.

The common law defines an independent contractor as “one, who, exercising an independent employment, contracts to do a piece of work, according to his own methods, and without being subject to the control of his employer except as to the result of his work.” Benham v. McCoy, 213 S.W.2d 914, 919 (Mo.1948). In deciding if a worker is an employee or an independent contractor, “no single test considered alone is conclusive of the ultimate test, the right to control.” Id.

On May 7, 1991, Haynes and Merick entered into a “Lease Agreement” covering a 1978 Freightliner truck and a flatbed trailer. The lease required Merick to (1) maintain and repair the truck and trailer, (2) pay for the truck’s fuel cost, and (3) pay for liability insurance on the truck.

The lease stated that Haynes was not Mer-ick’s employee and classified his status as an independent contractor. The lease required Haynes to be responsible for his own self-employment taxes, state and federal income taxes, and his personal expenses incurred while not driving the truck.

The lease further provided that Haynes “is responsible for deciding which freight employments will be accepted by him,” and that he “will set his own work schedule.” Merick was entitled to 74 percent of the total gross fees received from Haynes’ freight hauling and Haynes was entitled to the remainder. The lease concluded by giving either party the right to cancel the lease “at any time.”

Haynes and Harold Merick, Jr., president of Merick, both testified before the Appeals Tribunal. Their testimony differed substantially on whether Merick had the right to control or actually did control the manner and means by which Haynes contracted and hauled freight with the leased equipment.

Haynes testified that Mr. Merick wanted him to call in every day because he wanted to know the truck’s location and whether it was loaded. Haynes obtained some of his loads from message boards at truckstops and sometimes called Mr. Merick about whether to accept a particular load. Occasionally, Mr. Merick would instruct him to accept or not accept a load. Haynes said that he was not required to check with Mr. Merick about taking a load but Mr. Merick liked for him to do so.

According to Haynes, Merick would occasionally arrange a particular freight job for him. Usually Haynes decided the route to [874]*874take for delivery although Mr. Merick would sometimes instruct Haynes not to take a certain route. Payment from the shipping company was made to Merick except for advance checks made to Haynes for his personal expenses. Merick and Haynes settled their accounts weekly. Haynes testified that he did as Mr. Merick requested because several times Mr. Merick threatened to fire him if he did not do as directed.

The gist of Mr. Meriek’s testimony indicated that the terms of the lease were expressly followed by each side and that he did not direct Haynes’ activities. However, the Commission, as the factfinder, was free to believe or disbelieve the testimony of either witness. Obviously, the Commission believed Haynes in finding that Merick retained the right to control the manner and means by which the results of Haynes’ work were to be accomplished.

In Division of Employment Sec. v. Hatfield, 831 S.W.2d 216 (Mo.App.1992), the court discussed the application of § 288.034.5 and said:

Under the authority provided by the legislature, the director of the Division of Employment Security has promulgated regulations to efficiently and properly administer this statute. § 288.220.5. The relevant regulation provides in pertinent part:
In order to interpret Section 288.034.5, RSMo (Supp.1989), effective June 30, 1989, the Division shall apply the common law rules applicable in determining the employer-employee relationship under 26 USC Section 3306(i). In applying the provisions of USC Section 3306(i), the Division shall consider the case law, Internal Revenue Regulations and Internal Revenue Service Letter Rulings interpreting and applying that subsection.
8 C.S.R. 10-4.150.
Section 3306(i) of Chapter 26 of the United States Code adopts the definition of employee assigned by § 3121(d), which provides that the term employee means “an individual who, under the common law rules applicable in determining the employer-employee relationship, has the status of an employee.” 26 U.S.C. § 3121(d)(2).

Id. at 218-19.

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Bluebook (online)
902 S.W.2d 871, 1995 Mo. App. LEXIS 1320, 1995 WL 424119, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/merick-trucking-inc-v-missouri-division-of-employment-security-labor-moctapp-1995.