Mendez v. Fire Department of the City of New York

S.D. New York

Mendez v. Fire Department of the City of New York

DecidedAugust 27, 2025

Docket1:25-cv-04825

StatusUnknown

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Mendez v. Fire Department of the City of New York, (S.D.N.Y. 2025).

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THE CITY OF NEW YORK GOODE-TRUFANT LAW DEPARTMENT KATHLEEN M. LINNANE Corporation Counsel 100 CHURCH STREET samiatt □□□ NEW YORK, NY 10007 Telephone: (212) 356-2467

August 25, 2025 By ECF Honorable Margaret M. Garnett United States District Judge Southern District of New York 40 Foley Square, Room 2102 New York, NY 10007

Re: Mendez v. Fire Department of the City of New York, et al. No. 25-cv-04825-MMG Dear Judge Garnett: I am an Assistant Corporation Counsel in the Office of Muriel Goode-Trufant, Corporation Counsel of the City of New York, attorney for the Fire Department of the City of New York (“FDNY”) and City of New York (“City”) (collectively, “Defendants”) in the above- referenced matter. I write to respectfully request a stay of discovery pending the Court’s decision on Defendants’ anticipated motion to dismiss the Complaint. Plaintiff consents to this request. A. Background Plaintiff commenced this action on June 6, 2025. ECF No. 1. Plaintiff, formerly employed by the Fire Department of the City of New York (“FDNY”), was terminated from his FDNY employment due to his refusal to comply with the COVID-19 vaccine mandate applicable to employees of the City of New York (“Vaccine Mandate”). Plaintiff alleges that in denying his reasonable accommodation request (“RA Request”) for an exemption to the Vaccine Mandate, Defendants failed to accommodate his religion in violation of the New York City Human Rights Law (“CHRL”). Plaintiff also appears to allege that Defendants violated his right to freely exercise his religion, which Defendants construe as a Free Exercise Clause claim. B. Defendants’ Anticipated Motion to Dismiss In view of Defendants’ anticipated motion to dismiss, Defendants request, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c), a stay of discovery. Defendants submit that dismissal of Plaintiff's claims is warranted here because Plaintiff's CHRL failure to accommodate claim has no merit. To assert a CHRL failure to accommodate claim, a plaintiff must plausibly allege facts demonstrating that (1) he held a bona fide religious belief conflicting with an employment requirement; (2) he informed his employer of this belief; and, (3) he was disciplined for failing to comply with the conflicting employment requirement. See Baker v. Home Depot, 445 F.3d 541, 546 (2d. Cir.

2006); Marte v. Montefiore Med. Ctr., 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 186884 (S.D.N-Y. 2022). Plaintiff fails to do so here. Indeed, Plaintiff does not show that he was subject to discipline by his employer, which is a required element of a failure to accommodate claim. See Baker v. Home Depot, 445 F.3d 541, 546 (2d. Cir. 2006); Marte v. Montefiore Med. Ctr., 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 186884 (S.D.N.Y. 2022). Instead, as an unvaccinated individual, Plaintiff was no longer qualified for his position as a City employee, and FDNY’s enforcement of the Vaccine Mandate was not disciplinary action. Baker, 445 F.3d at 546; Maniscalco v. Bd. of Educ. of the City Sch. Dist. of the City of N-Y., 2022 NY Slip Op 30893(U) at *18 (Sup. Ct. NY Cnty. 2022) (“employee vaccination status is not a disciplinary action, but rather an employment qualification.”); Garland v. N.Y.C. Fire Dep’t, 574 F.Supp. 3d 120, 129 (E.D.N.Y. 2021); Gonzalez v. City of N.Y., 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 56814, *19 (E.D.N.Y. 2024). Moreover, “an employee need not provide an accommodation if it ‘impose[s] an undue hardship on the operation of an employer’s business.’” Abdelsayed v. N.Y. Univ., 2023 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 126566, at *29 (S.D.N_Y. Jul. 24, 2023). Plaintiff's proposed accommodation would create an undue hardship, as allowing him to work unvaccinated in the community posed clear health and safety risks. As a public-facing FDNY employee, Plaintiff had frequent interactions with his colleagues as well as with the public citizens of the City of New York. See Garland v. N.Y. City Fire Dep’t, 574 F. Supp. 3d 120, 133 (E.D.N-Y. 2021), dismissed, 665 F. Supp. 3d 295 (E.D.N.Y. 2023), aff'd, 2024 U.S. App. LEXIS 2651 (2d Cir. Feb. 6, 2024). Failure to take the necessary health and safety precautions would have prevented FDNY’s ability to protect its employees and the public and prevent the further transmission of COVID-19. To the extent that Plaintiff attempts to assert a Free Exercise Clause claim here, any purported Free Exercise Clause claim fails because the Second Circuit has conclusively determined that the Vaccine Mandate, “in all its iterations,” was neutral and generally applicable, and is, therefore, both subject to rational basis review and facially constitutional under the Free Exercise Clause. Kane v. De Blasio, 19 F.4th 152, 165 (2d Cir. 2021); see also New Yorkers for Religious Liberty Inc. v. City of New York, 121 F.4th 448, 459 (2d Cir. 2024). “Courts within the circuit have overwhelmingly, if not unanimously rejected [free exercise] challenges” to the to the City’s COVID-19 vaccine mandates. Rizzo v. NYC Dep’t of Sanitation, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 116666 at *17-18 (S.D.N_Y. 2024) (collecting cases); Vasquez v. City of New York, 2024 Dist. 58731, at *28-29 (E.D.N.Y. 2024) (dismissing Free Exercise challenge brought by former FDNY firefighter); Chinchilla v. N.Y.C. Police Dep't, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 123248 (S.D.N.Y. 2024) (dismissing Free Exercise challenge brought by former NYPD Police Officer). C. Defendants, on Consent, Request a Stay of Discovery Although an anticipated dispositive motion does not require a stay of discovery, a court may grant a motion to stay discovery “upon a showing of ‘good cause.’” Pappas v. City of New York, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14171 at *2 (S.D.N.Y. 2024) (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 16 (b)(4)). A court may consider the following factors: “(1) whether the defendant has made a strong showing that plaintiff's claim lacks merit; (2) the breadth of the requested discovery and the burden of responding to it; and (3) the risk of unfair prejudice to the party opposing the stay.” Joglo Realties, Inc. v. Dep’t of Envtl. Conservation of N.Y., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 195745, at *4 (E.D.N-Y. 2016). That the non-moving party consents to a stay of discovery is not dispositive but, rather, “is only a factor to be considered.” Jay Kripalani M.D., P.C. v. United Healthcare Grp., 2025 US. Dist. LEXIS 1073, at *4 (E.D.N-Y. Jan. 3, 2025). Here, the aforementioned factors weigh strongly in favor of staying discovery. Plaintiff has asserted only a single cause of action under local New York City law, and though sis

Defendants construe a Free Exercise Clause claim in the Complaint, neither claim will survive Defendants’ anticipated motion to dismiss. Indeed, any Free Exercise Clause claim Plaintiff attempts to assert here is foreclosed by binding Second Circuit precedent. New Yorkers for Religious Liberty Inc., 121 F.4th 448. Defendants intend to file their dispositive motion as directed by the Court, and engaging in discovery while Defendants’ motion to dismiss is pending will result in the unnecessary and wasteful expenditure of tume, money, and resources. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 1; see also O’Sullivan v. Deutche Bank AG, 2018 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 70418 (S.D.N_Y. Apr.

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THE CITY OF NEW YORK GOODE-TRUFANT LAW DEPARTMENT KATHLEEN M. LINNANE Corporation Counsel 100 CHURCH STREET samiatt □□□ NEW YORK, NY 10007 Telephone: (212) 356-2467

August 25, 2025 By ECF Honorable Margaret M. Garnett United States District Judge Southern District of New York 40 Foley Square, Room 2102 New York, NY 10007

Re: Mendez v. Fire Department of the City of New York, et al. No. 25-cv-04825-MMG Dear Judge Garnett: I am an Assistant Corporation Counsel in the Office of Muriel Goode-Trufant, Corporation Counsel of the City of New York, attorney for the Fire Department of the City of New York (“FDNY”) and City of New York (“City”) (collectively, “Defendants”) in the above- referenced matter. I write to respectfully request a stay of discovery pending the Court’s decision on Defendants’ anticipated motion to dismiss the Complaint. Plaintiff consents to this request. A. Background Plaintiff commenced this action on June 6, 2025. ECF No. 1. Plaintiff, formerly employed by the Fire Department of the City of New York (“FDNY”), was terminated from his FDNY employment due to his refusal to comply with the COVID-19 vaccine mandate applicable to employees of the City of New York (“Vaccine Mandate”). Plaintiff alleges that in denying his reasonable accommodation request (“RA Request”) for an exemption to the Vaccine Mandate, Defendants failed to accommodate his religion in violation of the New York City Human Rights Law (“CHRL”). Plaintiff also appears to allege that Defendants violated his right to freely exercise his religion, which Defendants construe as a Free Exercise Clause claim. B. Defendants’ Anticipated Motion to Dismiss In view of Defendants’ anticipated motion to dismiss, Defendants request, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c), a stay of discovery. Defendants submit that dismissal of Plaintiff's claims is warranted here because Plaintiff's CHRL failure to accommodate claim has no merit. To assert a CHRL failure to accommodate claim, a plaintiff must plausibly allege facts demonstrating that (1) he held a bona fide religious belief conflicting with an employment requirement; (2) he informed his employer of this belief; and, (3) he was disciplined for failing to comply with the conflicting employment requirement. See Baker v. Home Depot, 445 F.3d 541, 546 (2d. Cir.

2006); Marte v. Montefiore Med. Ctr., 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 186884 (S.D.N-Y. 2022). Plaintiff fails to do so here. Indeed, Plaintiff does not show that he was subject to discipline by his employer, which is a required element of a failure to accommodate claim. See Baker v. Home Depot, 445 F.3d 541, 546 (2d. Cir. 2006); Marte v. Montefiore Med. Ctr., 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 186884 (S.D.N.Y. 2022). Instead, as an unvaccinated individual, Plaintiff was no longer qualified for his position as a City employee, and FDNY’s enforcement of the Vaccine Mandate was not disciplinary action. Baker, 445 F.3d at 546; Maniscalco v. Bd. of Educ. of the City Sch. Dist. of the City of N-Y., 2022 NY Slip Op 30893(U) at *18 (Sup. Ct. NY Cnty. 2022) (“employee vaccination status is not a disciplinary action, but rather an employment qualification.”); Garland v. N.Y.C. Fire Dep’t, 574 F.Supp. 3d 120, 129 (E.D.N.Y. 2021); Gonzalez v. City of N.Y., 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 56814, *19 (E.D.N.Y. 2024). Moreover, “an employee need not provide an accommodation if it ‘impose[s] an undue hardship on the operation of an employer’s business.’” Abdelsayed v. N.Y. Univ., 2023 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 126566, at *29 (S.D.N_Y. Jul. 24, 2023). Plaintiff's proposed accommodation would create an undue hardship, as allowing him to work unvaccinated in the community posed clear health and safety risks. As a public-facing FDNY employee, Plaintiff had frequent interactions with his colleagues as well as with the public citizens of the City of New York. See Garland v. N.Y. City Fire Dep’t, 574 F. Supp. 3d 120, 133 (E.D.N-Y. 2021), dismissed, 665 F. Supp. 3d 295 (E.D.N.Y. 2023), aff'd, 2024 U.S. App. LEXIS 2651 (2d Cir. Feb. 6, 2024). Failure to take the necessary health and safety precautions would have prevented FDNY’s ability to protect its employees and the public and prevent the further transmission of COVID-19. To the extent that Plaintiff attempts to assert a Free Exercise Clause claim here, any purported Free Exercise Clause claim fails because the Second Circuit has conclusively determined that the Vaccine Mandate, “in all its iterations,” was neutral and generally applicable, and is, therefore, both subject to rational basis review and facially constitutional under the Free Exercise Clause. Kane v. De Blasio, 19 F.4th 152, 165 (2d Cir. 2021); see also New Yorkers for Religious Liberty Inc. v. City of New York, 121 F.4th 448, 459 (2d Cir. 2024). “Courts within the circuit have overwhelmingly, if not unanimously rejected [free exercise] challenges” to the to the City’s COVID-19 vaccine mandates. Rizzo v. NYC Dep’t of Sanitation, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 116666 at *17-18 (S.D.N_Y. 2024) (collecting cases); Vasquez v. City of New York, 2024 Dist. 58731, at *28-29 (E.D.N.Y. 2024) (dismissing Free Exercise challenge brought by former FDNY firefighter); Chinchilla v. N.Y.C. Police Dep't, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 123248 (S.D.N.Y. 2024) (dismissing Free Exercise challenge brought by former NYPD Police Officer). C. Defendants, on Consent, Request a Stay of Discovery Although an anticipated dispositive motion does not require a stay of discovery, a court may grant a motion to stay discovery “upon a showing of ‘good cause.’” Pappas v. City of New York, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14171 at *2 (S.D.N.Y. 2024) (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 16 (b)(4)). A court may consider the following factors: “(1) whether the defendant has made a strong showing that plaintiff's claim lacks merit; (2) the breadth of the requested discovery and the burden of responding to it; and (3) the risk of unfair prejudice to the party opposing the stay.” Joglo Realties, Inc. v. Dep’t of Envtl. Conservation of N.Y., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 195745, at *4 (E.D.N-Y. 2016). That the non-moving party consents to a stay of discovery is not dispositive but, rather, “is only a factor to be considered.” Jay Kripalani M.D., P.C. v. United Healthcare Grp., 2025 US. Dist. LEXIS 1073, at *4 (E.D.N-Y. Jan. 3, 2025). Here, the aforementioned factors weigh strongly in favor of staying discovery. Plaintiff has asserted only a single cause of action under local New York City law, and though sis

Defendants construe a Free Exercise Clause claim in the Complaint, neither claim will survive Defendants’ anticipated motion to dismiss. Indeed, any Free Exercise Clause claim Plaintiff attempts to assert here is foreclosed by binding Second Circuit precedent. New Yorkers for Religious Liberty Inc., 121 F.4th 448. Defendants intend to file their dispositive motion as directed by the Court, and engaging in discovery while Defendants’ motion to dismiss is pending will result in the unnecessary and wasteful expenditure of tume, money, and resources. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 1; see also O’Sullivan v. Deutche Bank AG, 2018 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 70418 (S.D.N_Y. Apr. 26, 2018) (staying discovery where the defendants “made a strong showing that they are likely to succeed on their motion to dismiss.”). Finally, there is minimal risk of unfair prejudice to Plaintiff, especially because Plaintiff consents to Defendants seeking this stay, and because discovery has not yet commenced. See Concern for Indep. Living, Inc. v. Town of Southampton, 2025 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16088, at *9-10 (E.D.N-Y. Jan. 2025) (“[I]t appears at this nascent stage that there would be little or no prejudice if discovery were stayed pending the motion to dismiss. Indeed, Plaintiff has consented to a stay.”) Defendants thank the Court for its consideration of this request. Respectfully submitted, GRANTED in part. The previously-scheduled Initial Pretrial Conference is ADJOURNED from IsiKatileewM. Lunnane September 24, 2025, to Wednesday, October 29, Kathleen M. Linnane 2025, at 9:30 a.m., at which time the anticipated motion to dismiss should be fully briefed. Discovery will be held in abeyance until that time, on consent and with good cause shown. The Court will address any request to further stay discovery at the October 29 Conference, if necessary. SO ORDERED. Dated August 27, 2025.

HON. 6 KGARET M. GARNETT UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

ce: All Counsel of Record (via ECF)

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