In The Court of Appeals Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo
No. 07-13-00021-CR
MELINDA KELLY FOXWELL, APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
On Appeal from the 47th District Court Randall County, Texas Trial Court No. 22,836-A, Honorable Dan L. Schaap, Presiding
March 26, 2014
MEMORANDUM OPINION Before QUINN, C.J., and HANCOCK and PIRTLE, JJ.
Appellant, Melinda Kelly Foxwell, appeals her conviction for the offense of
aggravated assault1 with a deadly weapon and resulting sentence of three years
confinement in the Institutional Division of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.
The term of confinement was suspended and appellant was placed on community
supervision for a period of three years. Through one issue, appellant challenges the
sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s finding of guilt. We will affirm.
1 See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 22.02(a)(2) (West 2011). Factual and Procedural Background
The indictment against appellant arose as a result of a vehicle collision between
appellant and William Vance Jr. that occurred on June 15, 2011, in Amarillo. The initial
police response was to treat this event as simply an automobile accident. As a result of
the collision, appellant was taken to the emergency room at Northwest Texas Hospital.
While in the emergency room, appellant was overheard saying, “[J]ust let me die.
That’s what I wanted anyway.” This statement was heard by Terri Campbell, the
director of trauma and emergency management for the hospital, and Justin Baker, the
paramedic who assisted in transporting appellant. After hearing this remark by
appellant, the two witnesses notified the police officer who came to the hospital to issue
a citation to appellant about what they had overheard. Based upon appellant’s
statement, the police then began reviewing this collision from the perspective of it being
a possible aggravated assault.
During the trial, the other driver, Vance, testified that, as he was headed north on
Soncy Road, he saw appellant’s southbound car appear as if it was going to move into
the turning lane. Suddenly, appellant’s car veered into his lane headed straight at him.
Further, Vance stated that, immediately before impact, appellant looked directly at him
and then ducked her head down toward the passenger seat. As a result of the collision,
Vance suffered dislocated ankles, a torn rotator cuff, and cuts.
Also testifying at trial was Dr. Alice Sanchez, M.D., a psychiatrist who had been
seeing appellant for issues of depression and anxiety. Sanchez testified that appellant
lost her job in Virginia, she lost her home to foreclosure, appellant’s mother had passed
2 away, CPS had conducted an investigation into appellant’s care of her children,
appellant was involved in a divorce and custody dispute with her husband, and she was
fearful of losing her children. Sanchez opined that, based upon her treatment of
appellant, appellant was not suicidal at the time of the collision. This was so, according
to Sanchez, because appellant had plans for her future and was fighting for the custody
of her children in an ongoing divorce proceeding. Further, following the collision in
question, appellant had told Sanchez that she caused the collision by falling asleep at
the wheel.
Dr. Kelly Cukrowicz, Ph.D. in clinical psychology, was allowed to be in the
courtroom to hear Sanchez’s testimony about appellant’s treatment. Cukrowicz’s area
of expertise relates to suicide and suicide theory. After hearing Sanchez’s testimony,
Cukrowicz opined that appellant’s long history of depression and the events leading up
to the collision placed appellant at significant risk for an attempted suicide. Specifically,
Cukrowicz stated that appellant’s statement in the emergency room indicated that
appellant’s motivation for the collision in question was an attempt at suicide.
The jury also heard the testimony of David Brown, who is appellant’s cousin.
Brown testified about his efforts at assisting appellant move her personal belongings to
an apartment in the days before the collision. Specifically, Brown testified that, on the
morning of the collision, he and appellant went to breakfast together, where he noted
how tired appellant was. He stated that, based upon his observation of appellant that
morning, he asked her if she wanted to go back to bed and get some sleep. Appellant
declined and the move went forward. At the time of the collision, Brown was driving
ahead of appellant and did not directly observe the collision.
3 Appellant also testified as to the events before the collision. Appellant testified
about the move of her residence and how tired she was on the day of the collision. She
had no recollection of the actual collision but denied any intent to run into the victim.
Appellant admitted that she had battled depression for a number of years. Further,
appellant admitted to being hospitalized on more than one occasion for depression.
However, she denied ever attempting to commit suicide or the presence of any suicidal
ideations.
After hearing the evidence and argument of counsel, the jury returned a verdict of
guilty to the indicted offense of aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. The same
jury then sentenced appellant to three years in the ID-TDCJ with the sentence of
confinement suspended and placed appellant on community supervision for three years.
Appellant brings forth a single issue, contending that the evidence was
insufficient to support the jury’s finding of guilt. For the reasons hereafter stated, we will
affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Sufficiency of the Evidence
Standard of Review
In assessing the sufficiency of the evidence, we review all the evidence in the
light most favorable to the verdict to determine whether any rational trier of fact could
have found the essential elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson
v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); Brooks v. State,
323 S.W.3d 893, 912 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010). “[O]nly that evidence which is sufficient in
character, weight, and amount to justify a factfinder in concluding that every element of
4 the offense has been proven beyond a reasonable doubt is adequate to support a
conviction.” Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at 917 (Cochran, J., concurring). We remain mindful
that “[t]here is no higher burden of proof in any trial, criminal or civil, and there is no
higher standard of appellate review than the standard mandated by Jackson.” Id.
When reviewing all of the evidence under the Jackson standard of review, the ultimate
question is whether the jury’s finding of guilt was a rational finding. See id. at 906–07
n.26 (discussing Judge Cochran’s dissenting opinion in Watson v. State, 204 S.W.3d
404, 448–50 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006), as outlining the proper application of a single
evidentiary standard of review). “[T]he reviewing court is required to defer to the jury’s
credibility and weight determinations because the jury is the sole judge of the witnesses’
credibility and the weight to be given their testimony.” Id. at 899.
Analysis
Appellant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s finding.
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In The Court of Appeals Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo
No. 07-13-00021-CR
MELINDA KELLY FOXWELL, APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
On Appeal from the 47th District Court Randall County, Texas Trial Court No. 22,836-A, Honorable Dan L. Schaap, Presiding
March 26, 2014
MEMORANDUM OPINION Before QUINN, C.J., and HANCOCK and PIRTLE, JJ.
Appellant, Melinda Kelly Foxwell, appeals her conviction for the offense of
aggravated assault1 with a deadly weapon and resulting sentence of three years
confinement in the Institutional Division of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.
The term of confinement was suspended and appellant was placed on community
supervision for a period of three years. Through one issue, appellant challenges the
sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s finding of guilt. We will affirm.
1 See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 22.02(a)(2) (West 2011). Factual and Procedural Background
The indictment against appellant arose as a result of a vehicle collision between
appellant and William Vance Jr. that occurred on June 15, 2011, in Amarillo. The initial
police response was to treat this event as simply an automobile accident. As a result of
the collision, appellant was taken to the emergency room at Northwest Texas Hospital.
While in the emergency room, appellant was overheard saying, “[J]ust let me die.
That’s what I wanted anyway.” This statement was heard by Terri Campbell, the
director of trauma and emergency management for the hospital, and Justin Baker, the
paramedic who assisted in transporting appellant. After hearing this remark by
appellant, the two witnesses notified the police officer who came to the hospital to issue
a citation to appellant about what they had overheard. Based upon appellant’s
statement, the police then began reviewing this collision from the perspective of it being
a possible aggravated assault.
During the trial, the other driver, Vance, testified that, as he was headed north on
Soncy Road, he saw appellant’s southbound car appear as if it was going to move into
the turning lane. Suddenly, appellant’s car veered into his lane headed straight at him.
Further, Vance stated that, immediately before impact, appellant looked directly at him
and then ducked her head down toward the passenger seat. As a result of the collision,
Vance suffered dislocated ankles, a torn rotator cuff, and cuts.
Also testifying at trial was Dr. Alice Sanchez, M.D., a psychiatrist who had been
seeing appellant for issues of depression and anxiety. Sanchez testified that appellant
lost her job in Virginia, she lost her home to foreclosure, appellant’s mother had passed
2 away, CPS had conducted an investigation into appellant’s care of her children,
appellant was involved in a divorce and custody dispute with her husband, and she was
fearful of losing her children. Sanchez opined that, based upon her treatment of
appellant, appellant was not suicidal at the time of the collision. This was so, according
to Sanchez, because appellant had plans for her future and was fighting for the custody
of her children in an ongoing divorce proceeding. Further, following the collision in
question, appellant had told Sanchez that she caused the collision by falling asleep at
the wheel.
Dr. Kelly Cukrowicz, Ph.D. in clinical psychology, was allowed to be in the
courtroom to hear Sanchez’s testimony about appellant’s treatment. Cukrowicz’s area
of expertise relates to suicide and suicide theory. After hearing Sanchez’s testimony,
Cukrowicz opined that appellant’s long history of depression and the events leading up
to the collision placed appellant at significant risk for an attempted suicide. Specifically,
Cukrowicz stated that appellant’s statement in the emergency room indicated that
appellant’s motivation for the collision in question was an attempt at suicide.
The jury also heard the testimony of David Brown, who is appellant’s cousin.
Brown testified about his efforts at assisting appellant move her personal belongings to
an apartment in the days before the collision. Specifically, Brown testified that, on the
morning of the collision, he and appellant went to breakfast together, where he noted
how tired appellant was. He stated that, based upon his observation of appellant that
morning, he asked her if she wanted to go back to bed and get some sleep. Appellant
declined and the move went forward. At the time of the collision, Brown was driving
ahead of appellant and did not directly observe the collision.
3 Appellant also testified as to the events before the collision. Appellant testified
about the move of her residence and how tired she was on the day of the collision. She
had no recollection of the actual collision but denied any intent to run into the victim.
Appellant admitted that she had battled depression for a number of years. Further,
appellant admitted to being hospitalized on more than one occasion for depression.
However, she denied ever attempting to commit suicide or the presence of any suicidal
ideations.
After hearing the evidence and argument of counsel, the jury returned a verdict of
guilty to the indicted offense of aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. The same
jury then sentenced appellant to three years in the ID-TDCJ with the sentence of
confinement suspended and placed appellant on community supervision for three years.
Appellant brings forth a single issue, contending that the evidence was
insufficient to support the jury’s finding of guilt. For the reasons hereafter stated, we will
affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Sufficiency of the Evidence
Standard of Review
In assessing the sufficiency of the evidence, we review all the evidence in the
light most favorable to the verdict to determine whether any rational trier of fact could
have found the essential elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson
v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); Brooks v. State,
323 S.W.3d 893, 912 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010). “[O]nly that evidence which is sufficient in
character, weight, and amount to justify a factfinder in concluding that every element of
4 the offense has been proven beyond a reasonable doubt is adequate to support a
conviction.” Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at 917 (Cochran, J., concurring). We remain mindful
that “[t]here is no higher burden of proof in any trial, criminal or civil, and there is no
higher standard of appellate review than the standard mandated by Jackson.” Id.
When reviewing all of the evidence under the Jackson standard of review, the ultimate
question is whether the jury’s finding of guilt was a rational finding. See id. at 906–07
n.26 (discussing Judge Cochran’s dissenting opinion in Watson v. State, 204 S.W.3d
404, 448–50 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006), as outlining the proper application of a single
evidentiary standard of review). “[T]he reviewing court is required to defer to the jury’s
credibility and weight determinations because the jury is the sole judge of the witnesses’
credibility and the weight to be given their testimony.” Id. at 899.
Analysis
Appellant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s finding.
In analyzing appellant’s issue, it is apparent that appellant presents the case that there
is no direct evidence to show that she intentionally and knowingly caused bodily injury
to the victim, Vance. According to appellant, this, therefore, means that the evidence is
insufficient to support the verdict of the jury. However, this approach to the issue before
the Court ignores the fact that the intent of an actor can be inferred from the acts,
words, and conduct of an accused. See Patrick v. State, 906 S.W.2d 481, 487 (Tex.
Crim. App. 1995) (en banc).
When we turn to an examination of the record, we find that we have the
appellant’s words—“[J]ust let me die. That’s what I wanted anyway.”—which
5 demonstrate an intent to attempt to kill herself. When we look at the appellant’s act and
conduct, we find the testimony of Vance that, immediately before impact, appellant
looked directly at him and then ducked her head down toward the passenger seat. At
the end of the day, the jury had this testimony to weigh in determining whether appellant
intentionally and knowingly caused bodily injury to Vance by striking his motor vehicle.
That there was other evidence the jury could have believed that would negate the intent
of appellant is not the test. Rather, it is up to the jury to weigh the evidence and
determine which evidence is more credible and believable. See Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at
899. We will not supplant that jury’s decision by trying to become a thirteenth juror.
See id. at 911-12.
Finally, in an attempt to demonstrate that the evidence was insufficient, appellant
posits that the trial court’s admission of the testimony of Dr. Cukrowicz was a violation
of the Texas Rule of Evidence 404(b) in that it was actually testimony about a character
trait to prove conformity with that trait: propensity to commit suicide. See TEX. R. EVID.
404(b).2 However, our search of the record does not reveal any objection based upon
that rule of evidence; consequently, the issue is not before this court. See TEX. R. APP.
P. 33.1(a)(1)(A). To the extent appellant cites Pollard for the proposition that such
evidence cannot be used to support a judgment even if it was not objected to, appellant
has misread Pollard. See Pollard v. State, 255 S.W.3d 184, 189 (Tex. App.—San
Antonio 2008), aff’d, 277 S.W.3d 25 (Tex. Crim. App. 2009). The San Antonio court’s
opinion does not specifically state there was a Rule 404(b) objection; however, the
opinion does state that it would assume without deciding that the trial court did not err in
2 Further reference to the Texas Rules of Evidence will be by reference to “Rule ____.”
6 ruling that the evidence was relevant. Id. This leads this Court to conclude that there
was a proper objection leveled at the admission of the evidence.
After reviewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the jury’s finding, we
believe the evidence sufficient to sustain the jury’s verdict. Accordingly, appellant’s
issue is overruled.
Conclusion
Having overruled appellant’s issue, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Mackey K. Hancock Justice
Do not publish.