Mechana v. Lambert

635 So. 2d 747, 1994 WL 140904
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedApril 8, 1994
DocketCA 93 1204
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 635 So. 2d 747 (Mechana v. Lambert) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mechana v. Lambert, 635 So. 2d 747, 1994 WL 140904 (La. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

635 So.2d 747 (1994)

Frances Lambert MECHANA
v.
Charles Alfred LAMBERT.

No. CA 93 1204.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

April 8, 1994.

Roy H. Maughan, Jr., Baton Rouge, for plaintiff-appellee Frances Lambert Mechana.

F. Charles Marionneaux, Plaquemine, Amy Dauzat Marionneaux, Baton Rouge, for defendant-appellant Charles Alfred Lambert.

Before EDWARDS, CARTER and CRAIN, JJ.

EDWARDS, Judge.

Plaintiff, Frances Lambert Mechana, filed a petition to partition the pension plan of her *748 ex-husband, Charles Alfred Lambert. Two main issues were presented to the trial court: (1) Should the community be given credit for Mr. Lambert's post community termination promotion and subsequent pay raises? and (2) Should the community be given credit for a post termination enhanced benefit package given to Mr. Lambert to induce him to accept early retirement?

The trial court relied on Hare v. Hodgins, 586 So.2d 118 (La.1991), and found that Mr. Lambert had not met his burden to show that the promotion and attendant raises and the enhanced benefits were the product of extraordinary personal effort or achievement after divorce. A judgment was rendered awarding Ms. Mechana 31.77215% of the pension benefits received by Mr. Lambert between November 1, 1985, and January 1, 1993, and the same percentage of all future benefits.

We affirm the finding that the post termination promotion and pay raises can be ascribed partly to past community effort. We do not agree that the enhanced benefits can be attributed to any community effort and reverse the trial court's holding that Ms. Mechana is entitled to a percentage of the enhanced portion of the monthly benefit payment. We remand to the trial court for amendment of the Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO) consistent with this opinion.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

Mr. Lambert and Ms. Mechana were married on September 27, 1952, and divorced on November 2, 1973. The community between the parties was terminated on October 23, 1973. Southern Natural Gas Company, a subsidiary of SONAT, Inc. (SONAT), hired Mr. Lambert on November 29, 1952. On that same day, he became a participant in the SONAT retirement plan. In November of 1975, Mr. Lambert was promoted from senior measurement technician to the supervisory position of measurement division superintendent.

Mr. Lambert retired on November 1, 1985, before his normal retirement date under the SONAT plan of July 1, 1994. The pension plan was not partitioned at the time of the divorce. Ms. Mechana filed a petition to have the pension plan partitioned on October 19, 1990, and a hearing was held on September 8, 1992, before Judge Catherine D. Kimball. Judge Thomas Tanner, sitting in place of Judge Kimball, who had been elected to the Louisiana Supreme Court, rendered judgment on the issues and a QDRO that was filed in the record on March 26, 1993. Mr. Lambert appealed.

Because of a need to downsize employment and control payroll costs in 1985, SONAT offered eligible employees a special early retirement option incentive package (SERO). The SERO package was composed of (1) a special supplement that would raise the monthly retirement benefits under the regular SONAT early retirement plan in effect at the time by $725.86 and (2) a supplement, termed a social security equivalent, of $732.10 to bridge the period between early retirement, before Mr. Lambert would be eligible for social security payments, and the normal retirement date. The social security supplement would terminate when Mr. Lambert became eligible for social security payments. The incentives included in the SERO package increased by $1457.96 the defined benefit of $1096.05 Mr. Lambert would have received on early retirement before the SERO offer. Thus, if Mr. Lambert accepted the offer, the total monthly benefit would be $2554.01.

To be eligible for the SERO package, an employee had to be 55 years old and have five years with the company. The election by an employee to take advantage of the SERO package had to be made by October 1, 1985. SONAT made no guarantee that the SERO package would be extended or offered again.

LAW APPLICABLE TO CLASSIFICATION OF PENSION BENEFITS

The Louisiana Supreme Court in Hare reviewed the traditional concepts used in classifying pension plans as community property and recognized the need for periodic departures from the formula outlined in Sims v. *749 Sims, 358 So.2d 919 (La.1978). Additionally, the supreme court provided the following guidelines for use by the trial court in making determinations in complex factual cases and in the constantly changing world of retirement law:

1. Classifying Pension Rights As Community or Separate Property
Before an asset can be classified as community or separate, it must first be identified as "property." K. Spaht and L. Hargrave, Matrimonial Regimes, 16 Civil Law Treatise § 2.1 (1989 & Supp. 1991) [hereinafter "Spaht & Hargrave"]. This court decided in T.L. James & Co., Inc. v. Montgomery, 332 So.2d 834 (La. 1976) that an employee's contractual pension right is not a gratuity but a property interest earned by him.
To the extent that the right derives from the spouse's employment during the existence of the marriage, it is a community asset subject to division upon dissolution of the marriage. La.Civ. Code art. 2338; Sims v. Sims, 358 So.2d 919 (La.1978); T.L. James & Co., Inc. v. Montgomery, 332 So.2d 834 (La.1976). Consequently, when the community is terminated, the employee's spouse is entitled to be recognized as the owner of one-half of the value attributable to the pension or deferred compensation right earned during the existence of the community. La.Civ.Code art. 2336; La.R.S. 9:2801 (1991); Sims, supra at 923-24; T.L. James & Co., supra. Correlatively, if part of the employee's pension right was earned before or after the existence of the community, that part of the pension right must be classified as the employee's separate property (or as property of a different marital regime) and separated from the community property interest to be divided. La.R.S. 9:2801 (1991); T.L. James & Co., Inc. v. Montgomery, supra.
As a general principle, a court partitioning a community asset is required to classify the property for this purpose as of the date of the termination of the community. La.Civ.Code arts. 2338-2341; La.R.S. 9:2801 (1991); K. Spaht & L. Hargrave, supra, §§ 7.25, 7.26. In the case of a pension right earned partly during and partly not during the community, however, the process of classification begins at the termination of the community and continues until a partition of that asset is effected. Because the community interest in the pension right is an incorporeal that may accrue or appreciate over time, or fluctuate in proportion to the employee spouse's separate property interest in the pension, the community and separate fractions of the pension cannot be separated and classified definitively until the partition.
. . . . .
Neither the Civil Code nor La.R.S. 9:2801 contains anything that requires courts to follow the fixed percentage method to the exclusion of others. In fact, La.R.S. 9:2801, which was enacted subsequent to Sims

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635 So. 2d 747, 1994 WL 140904, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mechana-v-lambert-lactapp-1994.