Mdr v. State Ex Rel. Human Serv. Dept.

836 P.2d 106, 114 N.M. 187
CourtNew Mexico Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 10, 1992
Docket12679
StatusPublished

This text of 836 P.2d 106 (Mdr v. State Ex Rel. Human Serv. Dept.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mdr v. State Ex Rel. Human Serv. Dept., 836 P.2d 106, 114 N.M. 187 (N.M. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

836 P.2d 106 (1992)
114 N.M. 187

M.D.R. and K.L.R., individually and as Next Friends of M.R., S.R., and J.R., minors, Plaintiffs-Appellants,
v.
STATE of New Mexico ex rel. HUMAN SERVICES DEPARTMENT, Defendant-Appellee.

No. 12679.

Court of Appeals of New Mexico.

July 10, 1992.

*107 Edward L. Hand, John F. Schaber, P.A., Deming, for plaintiffs-appellants.

David McNeill, Jr., Thomas A. Sandenaw, Jr., Weinbrenner, Richards, Paulowsky, Sandenaw & Ramirez, P.A., Las Cruces, for defendant-appellee.

OPINION

BLACK, Judge.

Plaintiffs filed suit against the State of New Mexico, Department of Human Services (the Department), under the Tort Claims Act. NMSA 1978, §§ 41-4-1 to -27 (Repl.Pamp. 1989) (the Act). The district court dismissed the complaint on the basis of governmental immunity. While the complaint alleges deplorable conduct by the Department, the Act does not waive the State's immunity from tort liability under the circumstances of this case. We affirm.

ALLEGATIONS.

Plaintiffs, foster parents licensed by the Department, allege that: a Department social worker placed a foster child in their home knowing the child had a history of sexual abuse of other children; the social worker did not inform Plaintiffs of this history; and the foster child sexually abused Plaintiffs' children repeatedly over a long period of time.

INTERPRETATION OF THE ACT AND STANDARD OF REVIEW.

It is true that employees of the Department have "a responsibility to oversee and supervise the safety and well-being of children entrusted to [the Department]." Perkins v. Department of Human Servs., 106 N.M. 651, 656, 748 P.2d 24, 29 (Ct.App. 1987). But it does not necessarily follow that the Department may be held liable under the Act for a breach of that duty. The Act declares that governmental entities and public employees shall only be liable within the limitations of its provisions. § 41-4-2(A). Governmental entities and public employees, while acting within the scope of their duties, are immune from tort liability except as waived by the Act. § 41-4-4(A); see also Tompkins v. Carlsbad Irrigation Dist., 96 N.M. 368, 630 P.2d 767 (Ct.App. 1981). The right to sue and recover is therefore specifically limited to the rights, procedures, limitations, and conditions of the Act. Methola v. County of Eddy, 95 N.M. 329, 334, 622 P.2d 234, 239 (1980).

The dismissal of a complaint under SCRA 1986, 1-012(B)(6), is a legal determination. Johnson v. Francke, 105 N.M. 564, 734 P.2d 804 (Ct.App. 1987). In reviewing such a dismissal we accept as true facts well pleaded and question only whether the plaintiff can legally prevail under such facts. Gomez v. Board of Educ., 85 N.M. 708, 516 P.2d 679 (1973). Plaintiffs rely on the exceptions to the Act contained in Sections 41-4-9 and 41-4-10. We consider each claim separately.

*108 THE DEPARTMENT DID NOT PROVIDE HEALTH CARE SERVICES.

Plaintiffs argue, "To provide a foster home for a child is to provide a service to protect the health and general well being of a child." We cannot agree that the placement of a child in a foster home is the provision of "health care services" under Section 41-4-10, which provides:

The immunity granted pursuant to Subsection A of Section 41-4-4 NMSA 1978 does not apply to liability for damages resulting from bodily injury, wrongful death or property damage caused by the negligence of public employees licensed by the state or permitted by law to provide health care services while acting within the scope of their duties of providing health care services.

In determining the meaning of "health care services" we must generally look to the ordinary, everyday meaning of such words. State ex rel. Reynolds v. Aamodt, 111 N.M. 4, 800 P.2d 1061 (1990). Ordinarily the term "health care services" would relate to those services provided by physicians, hospitals, and related health care practitioners. For purposes of the Medical Malpractice Act, NMSA 1978, §§ 41-5-1 to -28 (Repl.Pamp. 1989), our legislature has defined the similar term "health care provider" to mean "a person, corporation, organization, facility or institution licensed or certified by this state to provide health care or professional services as a doctor of medicine, hospital, outpatient health care facility, doctor of osteopathy, chiropractor, podiatrist, nurse anesthetist or physician's assistant." § 41-5-3(A).

We specifically considered the meaning of "health care services" under the Act in Begay v. State, 104 N.M. 483, 723 P.2d 252 (Ct.App. 1985), rev'd on other grounds, 104 N.M. 375, 721 P.2d 1306, cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1020, 107 S.Ct. 677, 93 L.Ed.2d 727 (1986). In that case, relatives of the deceased brought suit against the New Mexico medical investigator for alleged negligence in performing an autopsy on the body. As in the instant case, the district court granted the defendants' motion to dismiss. This court affirmed, finding the medical investigator's performance of an autopsy was not a "health care service":

Section 41-4-10 provides a waiver for damages caused by public employees providing health care services. No cases are cited to support the argument that the action complained of falls within this waiver, but logic would support the proposition that the decision to perform an autopsy does not involve health care. No health care services were provided to Mr. Nelson nor to any of his family members. To allow plaintiffs to sue under any of these exceptions would be to read into the Act language which is not there. The right to sue state defendants is limited to those rights and conditions expressly presented in the Act.

104 N.M. at 487, 723 P.2d at 256.

Plaintiffs maintain that our interpretation of health care is too narrow. They argue that, because the Department is charged with providing for the health, safety, and welfare of the children under its care, and the provision of a foster home is one of the ways it fulfills this duty, placement in a foster home constitutes health care.

In an analogous context, the Wyoming Supreme Court rejected the argument now pressed by Plaintiffs. In Troyer v. State, Department of Health & Social Services, 722 P.2d 158 (Wyo. 1986), the Wyoming Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (the Division) agreed to help Troyer, who suffered from multiple sclerosis, select, install, and finance an elevator to his workshop. Because the initial bids exceeded the Division's budget, Troyer, at the Division's request, obtained a third bid, which was accepted. Id. at 159. The low bidder selected a winch displaying a warning which specifically cautioned that it was not to be used "for moving humans." This warning was cut off and the winch was used to construct the elevator. Id.

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M.D.R. ex rel. M.R. v. State ex rel. Human Services Department
836 P.2d 106 (New Mexico Court of Appeals, 1992)

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