McKinney v. Dairy Mart East, Inc.

2 Mass. L. Rptr. 399
CourtMassachusetts Superior Court
DecidedJune 3, 1994
DocketNo. 91-1492
StatusPublished

This text of 2 Mass. L. Rptr. 399 (McKinney v. Dairy Mart East, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McKinney v. Dairy Mart East, Inc., 2 Mass. L. Rptr. 399 (Mass. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

Butler, J.

The plaintiffs, Charles W. McKinney and Laurie McKinney (herein collectively referred to as the McKinneys), seek damages for injuries sustained by Charles McKinney and for the loss of consortium to Laurie McKinney, as a result of a fall due to a defective condition on certain commercial property located at 295 Burncoat Street, Worcester, Massachusetts. In their complaint, the McKinneys allege that Dairy Mart East, Inc., Dairy Mart Convenience Stores, Inc., and Dairy Mart, Inc. (herein collectively referred to as “Dairy Mart”), as lessees of the property, are liable for negligently maintaining the premises (Counts I, IV, VII, VIII, IX, and X). The McKinneys also name the owner of the property Margaret Slattery (“Slattery”) as a defendant, alleging that she negligently failed to maintain her property in a reasonably safe condition. (Counts II and V).1 Defendant Slattery now moves for summary judgment on both counts, asserting that she neither had control over the property nor had notice of the defect. For the reasons set forth below, the defendants’ motion is allowed.

BACKGROUND

The following facts are undisputed. At all times relevant to the present controversy, Margaret Slattery owned certain commercial property located at 291-297 Burncoat Street, in Worcester, Massachusetts. The property consisted of one building with two separate but adjoining units.

On December 3, 1983, Slattery entered into a lease agreement with Dairy Mart for one of these units (the Dairy Mart Premises). The lease ran for five years and gave Dairy Mart the option to extend the lease for three five-year terms.

In November of 1984, Slattery leased the other unit (the Spa Premises) to James F. Coggins (“Coggins”) for a five-year term, commencing in December 1984, and giving Coggins the option of extending the lease for two additional five-year periods. The lease agreement permitted Coggins to assign or sublease the Spa Premises, “provided . . . tha[t] any assignment or sublease shall be subject to all of the terms and conditions of this Lease.” PI. Exh. 1 ¶12. In addressing the maintenance and repairs of the premises the lease provided that:

a. The Tenant shall maintain, at its expense, the interior and the exterior of the Leased Premises in good repair and in a clean and attractive condition.
b. The Owner shall, at her expense, keep and maintain the roof, foundations, floor slabs and all structural walls and storefront of the Leased Premises in good order and repair. In the event, after reasonable notice to the Owner, the Owner fails to make any repairs as hereinbefore provided, then, the Tenant shall have the right to make these repairs and deduct the cost hereof from any future rental payment.

Pl. Exh. 1 ¶13.

The leasehold interest in the Spa Premises was assigned several times until ultimately, on June 30, 1986, Dairy Mart obtained an assignment of the leasehold interest in the property.2 On that same day, Dairy Mart agreed to purchase certain equipment including large appliances and furniture, as well as inventory, from its assignor (Slattery’s Spa, Inc.).

On July 27, 1988, while in the course of his employment for Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., Charles McKinney entered the Spa Premises and fell into a hole in the floor resulting in personal injuries. At the time of the accident, Slattery carried a liability insurance policy covering both the Spa Premises and the Dairy Mart Premises.

DISCUSSION

Summary judgment shall be granted where there are no genuine issues as to any material fact and where the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Cassesso v. Commissioner of Correction, 390 Mass. 419, 422 (1983); Community Nat’l Bank v. [400]*400Dawes, 369 Mass. 550, 553 (1976); Mass.R.Civ.P. 56(c). The moving party bears the burden of affirmatively demonstrating the absence of a triable issue, “and [further] that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Pederson v. Time, Inc., 404 Mass. 14, 16-17 (1989). A party moving for summary judgment who does not have the burden of proof at trial may demonstrate the absence of a triable issue either by submitting affirmative evidence that negates an essential element of the opponent’s case or “by demonstrating that proof of that element is unlikely to be forthcoming at trial.” Flesner v. Technical Communications Corp., 410 Mass. 805, 809 (1991); accord, Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp., 410 Mass. 706, 716 (1991). “If the moving party establishes the absence of a triable issue, the party opposing the motion must respond and allege specific facts which would establish the existence of a genuine issue of material fact in order to defeat [the] motion." Pederson, supra, 404 Mass. at 17. “[T]he opposing party cannot rest on his or her pleadings and mere assertions of disputed facts to defeat the motion for summary judgment.” LaLonde v. Eissner, 405 Mass. 207, 209 (1989).

In moving for summary judgment, Slattery asserts that no dispute exists as to the commercial nature of the Spa Premises. Slattery further argues that because she neither had control over the Spa Premises at the time of the injury nor had notice of any defective condition therein, she is entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law.

While the McKinneys do not dispute the commercial nature of the building, they argue that summary judgment is inappropriate because a material question of fact remains as to Slattery’s control over the premises. Likewise, the McKinneys assert that a factual dispute exists regarding whether Slattery had notice of the defective condition of the floor. Finally, the McKinneys contend that because Slattery covenanted to maintain the floor slabs in good order and repair in the lease agreement, she was under an affirmative duty to inspect the property to insure that the building was safe. A lessor of commercial property is liable for personal injuries only where “(1) he contracted to make repairs and made them negligently, or (2) the defect that caused the injury was in a common area, or other area appurtenant to the leased area, over which the lessor had some control.” Chausse v. Coz, 405 Mass. 264, 266 (1989). In order for Slattery to be liable in the instant case, the McKinneys must establish that Slattery had control over the place where the accident occurred. See King v. G&M Realty Corp., 373 Mass. 658, 660-62 (1977) (landlord owes duty of reasonable care to maintain areas under his control); Crowell v. McCaffrey, 377 Mass. 443, 448 (1979) (one in control of area has duty of reasonable care); Minkkinen v. Nyman, 325 Mass. 92, 94 (1949) (defendant not liable for defect unless he had control over area in which defect occurred).3

In support of summary judgment, Slattery offers Dairy Mart’s Response to a Request for Admissions of plaintiff Charles McKinney in which Dairy Mart admits that it was in control of the Spa Premises on the date of the injury. In response, the McKinneys offer both Slattery’s deposition and interrogatories in which Slattery admits having liability insurance coverage for the building. Relying on Perkins v. Rice, 187 Mass. 28 (1904), the McKinneys argue that the insurance policy creates a factual dispute on the issue of control. This is not the case.

It is axiomatic that a blanket insurance policy which covers more than one location is inadmissible to establish control. E.g.

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2 Mass. L. Rptr. 399, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mckinney-v-dairy-mart-east-inc-masssuperct-1994.