McGillicuddy v. Rush Henrietta Central School District

173 Misc. 2d 663, 661 N.Y.S.2d 792, 1997 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 376
CourtHenrietta Justice Court
DecidedJuly 21, 1997
StatusPublished

This text of 173 Misc. 2d 663 (McGillicuddy v. Rush Henrietta Central School District) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Henrietta Justice Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McGillicuddy v. Rush Henrietta Central School District, 173 Misc. 2d 663, 661 N.Y.S.2d 792, 1997 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 376 (N.Y. Super. Ct. 1997).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

John G. Pericak, J.

[664]*664This matter involves an action by the plaintiff, Daniel Mc-Gillicuddy, in small claims, against the defendant, Rush Henrietta Central School District, for a claim of $3,000 for unpaid wages. At issue is whether or not Education Law § 3813, requiring a notice of claim to be filed within three months of the accrual of a claim against any school district, applies in a small claims matter and if so, what would qualify as proper notice under the statute.

Plaintiff was hired by the defendant school district as a per diem substitute during the first semester of the 1996-1997 school year. According to the terms of the collective bargaining agreement, a per diem substitute who has been assigned to the same replacement position for 20 consecutive school days is to be paid the difference between the prorated appropriate annual salary and the per diem rate paid retroactive to the first day of such consecutive assignment until the date on which the consecutive service ends. Plaintiff served more than 20 consecutive days in the same substitute position. After the 20th day he was notified by the district of his salary level and his continuing employment. Plaintiff complains that the salary level assigned to him was lower than his salary level at the time of his retirement. The collective bargaining agreement does not specify at what level retired substitute teachers shall be paid and testimony from the defendant’s witness, the director of human resources for the district, indicated that it had been her course of practice to use her own formula when such a situation existed.

Plaintiff filed a grievance on an approved grievance form of the Rush Henrietta Central School District on December 2, 1996. The school district dismissed that grievance as a nuisance and plaintiff filed this action on March 3, 1997. At the hearing, the school district made an oral motion to dismiss the action citing defendant’s failure to file a timely notice of claim as required by the Education Law.

Education Law § 3813 (1) states in pertinent part: "[n]o action or special proceeding, for any cause whatever * * * involving the rights or interests of any district or any such school shall be prosecuted or maintained against any school district * * * unless it shall appear by and as an allegation in the complaint or necessary moving papers that a written verified claim upon which such action or special proceeding is founded was presented to the governing body of said district or school within three months after the accrual of such claim * * * [i]n the case of an action or special proceeding for monies due arising out of [665]*665contract, accrual of such claim shall be deemed to have occurred as of the date payment for the amount claimed was denied.”

The Uniform Justice Court Act provides in pertinent part that "small claims” is defined as any cause of action for money only not in excess of $3,000 exclusive of interest and costs. (UJCA 1801.) Further, it should be noted that the first sentence of Education Law § 3813 (1) provides that "[n]o action or special proceeding, for any cause whatever * * * shall be [brought] against any school district”. (Emphasis added.) Accordingly, it would appear that the language is meant to be all inclusive as long as the enforcement of a private right is involved. (Matter of Cayuga-Onondaga Counties Bd. of Coop. Educ. Servs. v Sweeney, 89 NY2d 395 [1996].) However, before applying section 3813 to a small claims proceeding, care must be taken to consider the legislative intent of small claims to "do substantial justice between the parties according to the rules of substantive law and shall not be bound by statutory provisions or rules of practice, procedure, pleading or evidence”. (UJCA 1804.) Thus, this court must balance the right of the school district to have prompt notice of claims, so that investigation may be had before it is too late for an investigation to be efficient (Matter of Board of Educ. [Wager Constr. Corp.], 37 NY2d 283 [1975]), against a citizen’s right to seek justice for an illegal wrong by speedy and inexpensive procedure in a forum of relaxed technical rules.

While it appears that no court in this State has addressed the notice of claim issue under the Education Law as applied to the small claims actions, other courts have spoken on the notice of claim requirements under section 50-e of the General Municipal Law when a Small Claims Court is the forum for the dispute. Some courts have held that a notice of claim is necessary in a small claims proceeding. (See, Zipser v Pound, 75 Misc 2d 489 [App Term, 2d Dept 1972]; Brownstein v County of Westchester, 51 AD2d 792 [2d Dept 1976].) However, other courts have held that the requirements of section 50-e of the General Municipal Law regarding notice of claim are procedural in nature as distinguished from the basic substantive rights of the parties as to whether or not a cause of action exists. (Johnson v Timmerman, 92 Misc 2d 626 [Jefferson County Ct 1978]; Davis v City of New York, 148 Misc 2d 422 [Civ Ct, NY County 1990].) In Resnick v New York City Health & Hosps. Corp. (161 Misc 2d 156, 159 [Civ Ct, Richmond County 1994]), the court noted: "[i]t is clear that procedural requirements [666]*666such as the notice of claim provisions of General Municipal Law § 50-e need not be strictly applied in the Small Claims Court.”

The courts in Resnick (supra), Johnson (supra), and Davis (supra) appear to conclude that since General Municipal Law § 50-e is a procedural statute and since UJCA 1804 provides that the court "shall not be bound by statutory provisions or rules of practice, procedure, pleading or evidence,” ordinary procedural rules would be inapplicable in a small claims action. (Emphasis supplied.)

It has long been held that the notice of claim requirement of section 3813 of the Education Law is a condition precedent to bringing an action against a school district or a board of education and failure to present a claim within the statutory time limitation or to notify the correct party is a fatal defect. (Parochial Bus Sys. v Board of Educ., 60 NY2d 539 [1983]; Matter of McClellan v Alexander Cent. School Bd. of Educ., 201 AD2d 898 [4th Dept 1994].) Failure to file a timely notice of claim has been held a jurisdictional defect and precludes any claims associated therewith. (See, Peek v Williamsville Bd. of Educ., 221 AD2d 919 [4th Dept 1995].)

In comparing section 3813 of the Education Law to General Municipal Law § 50-e, it would seem that the former encompasses a broader and a more inclusive type of action or proceeding. (See, Education Law § 3813 [1] ["(n)o action or special proceeding, for any cause whatever” (emphasis added)].) The Court of Appeals has been very outspoken in calling section 3813 of the Education Law "a condition precedent to bringing an action against a school district or a board of education”. (Parochial Bus Sys. v Board of Educ., supra, at 547; Matter of Board of Educ. [Wager Constr. Corp.], supra, at 289.)

With such strong language in the statute and clear direction provided by the Court of Appeals in interpretation of the same, it is this court’s conclusion that compliance with section 3813 of the Education Law in a small claims proceeding is mandatory.

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Related

P. J. Panzeca, Inc. v. Board of Education
272 N.E.2d 488 (New York Court of Appeals, 1971)
Parochial Bus Systems, Inc. v. Board of Education
458 N.E.2d 1241 (New York Court of Appeals, 1983)
Brownstein v. County of Westchester
51 A.D.2d 792 (Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, 1976)
F & G Heating Co. v. Board of Education
103 A.D.2d 791 (Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, 1984)
Hygrade Insulators, Inc. v. Board of Education, Middle Country Central School District
207 A.D.2d 430 (Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, 1994)
Peek v. Williamsville Board of Education
221 A.D.2d 919 (Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, 1995)
Zipser v. Pound
75 Misc. 2d 489 (Appellate Terms of the Supreme Court of New York, 1972)
Johnson v. Timmerman
92 Misc. 2d 626 (New York County Courts, 1978)
Davis v. City of New York
148 Misc. 2d 422 (Civil Court of the City of New York, 1990)
Resnick v. New York City Health & Hospitals Corp.
161 Misc. 2d 156 (Civil Court of the City of New York, 1994)
Ragosto v. Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Authority
173 Misc. 2d 560 (Appellate Terms of the Supreme Court of New York, 1997)

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Bluebook (online)
173 Misc. 2d 663, 661 N.Y.S.2d 792, 1997 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 376, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mcgillicuddy-v-rush-henrietta-central-school-district-nyjustcthenriet-1997.