McCarnan v. New Castle County

521 A.2d 611, 1987 Del. LEXIS 1047
CourtSupreme Court of Delaware
DecidedMarch 4, 1987
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 521 A.2d 611 (McCarnan v. New Castle County) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Delaware primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McCarnan v. New Castle County, 521 A.2d 611, 1987 Del. LEXIS 1047 (Del. 1987).

Opinion

CHRISTIE, Chief Justice:

This is a workmen’s compensation case on appeal from the Superior Court. The claimant-appellant, John R. McCaman (“Claimant”), contends that the Superior Court erred in ruling that the statute of limitations for compensation claims, 19 Del. C. § 2361, barred his 1982 petition for disability compensation attributable to a 1973 injury which occurred while he was employed by the appellee, New Castle County (“County”). For the reasons explained below, we find that the claim was time barred and affirm the decision of the Superior Court.

I.

Claimant, a police officer employed by the County, injured his right wrist on April 14, 1973 while attempting to control a suspect who was resisting arrest. The next morning, Claimant had his wrist examined, x-rayed and treated. He reported the injury to a nurse for the County on the following day, April 16. He was then put on light duty but missed no work.

After investigating the matter, the County’s safety engineer reported that the injury was “definitely work related.” The County nurse then completed a standard workmen’s compensation form — “Employer’s First Report of Injury” — and sent copies to the Industrial Accident Board (“Board”) and to the County’s compensation carrier at that time, Aetna Life & Casualty Company (“carrier”). The County forwarded to the carrier a single bill for $24.75 for medical services rendered to Claimant, and the carrier paid the bill.

Claimant missed no work on account of his injury during the first two years after it occurred, although the evidence indicates that his wrist continued to be painful at times. About two and a half years after his initial injury, on October 31, 1975, Claimant slipped while getting into his patrol car and re-injured his right wrist. Despite treatment and physical therapy, his condition worsened. Beginning on June 1, 1976, Claimant was hospitalized for seven days, and surgery on his wrist was performed. In June 1976, the County’s new compensation carrier, Home Insurance Company, paid temporary total disability benefits to the Claimant and had him execute a receipt and an agreement as to that compensation.

Claimant’s condition continued to deteriorate, and further surgery was performed in September 1980. In October 1980, Claimant and the County (which by that time had become self-insured) entered into an agreement as to compensation for total disability benefits for the period of incapacitation due to the surgery performed in 1980. The Claimant underwent a third unsuccessful surgical procedure in 1981.

In April of 1982, Claimant filed a petition with the Board seeking additional compensation due to what was by then felt to be a permanent injury. The Board found that Claimant was suffering from a twenty percent permanent partial disability to his right extremity — five percent attributable to the work-related accident in 1973 and fifteen percent attributable to the work-related accident in 1975. The Board awarded Claimant only fifteen percent disability, however, pursuant to its ruling that the payment of Claimant’s 1973 medical expenses was a “minor bill” which did not bring into play the “last payment” provision of the statute which tolls the two-year statute of limitations until five years after [613]*613the last payment of compensation.1 Applying the two-year statute of limitations, the Board ruled that any claim to recover for the five percent disability attributable to the 1973 injury was time barred.

After an appeal to Superior Court by the Claimant, the court remanded the case to the Board for a determination as to whether the original carrier acted out of “a feeling of compulsion” in paying the Claimant’s 1973 medical bill. A finding on that point was deemed to be important under two cases of this Court which are examined later in this opinion. Starun v. All American Engineering Co., Del.Supr., 350 A.2d 765 (1975); New Castle County v. Goodman, Del.Supr., 461 A.2d 1012 (1983).

At a hearing on the issue, the Board heard the testimony of a claims account supervisor for the carrier who was the senior claims representative for the Wilmington office in 1973 when the payment was made. The representative testified that the company processed “medicals only” claims without investigation because it believed that payment of a medical bill when no work was missed was not an admission of compensability. Since this case did not involve time lost from work, the bill was paid as received by an administrative person without the input of a technical claims specialist. The carrier also felt it was not compelled to pay anything until a formal agreement was signed. Crediting the testimony of the representative, the Board found that the carrier did not pay the $24.75 bill under “a feeling of compulsion.” The Board adhered to its earlier decision that in the absence of an actual agreement or an implied agreement, the claim filed in 1982 for injury attributable to the 1973 accident was barred by the two-year statute of limitations.

The Superior Court affirmed the decision of the Board to deny the Claimant the five percent portion of the award attributed to the 1973 accident, but disagreed with the Board as to the reason supporting the decision. The court indicated it was persuaded by Claimant’s argument that, since the carrier had a policy with the County to pay medical bills arising out of work-related injuries, the carrier felt “compelled” to make the payment it made when it paid for Claimant’s 1973 examination. Therefore, an agreement between the carrier and the Claimant had arisen, and the statute was tolled until five years after the medical payment in 1973. The court concluded, however, that application of the “last payment” provision did not avail the Claimant because his 1982 petition came nine years after the last payment for the 1973 accident.

In this appeal, the Claimant first argues that this Court should affirm the Superior Court’s preliminary ruling that the “last payment” provision applies so as to give the Claimant the initial benefit of the five-year limitation period. Claimant then contends that we should rule that agreements entered into in 1976 and 1980 further extended the statute of limitations under the “last payment” provision so that his 1982 filing was timely.

We hold, for reasons explained below, that the Board’s finding of fact that the medical payment was not made out of a feeling of compulsion within the meaning of the applicable case law was supported by substantial evidence and not contrary to the statute or relevant decisions of this Court. Therefore, the two-year statute of limitations applied, and claims stemming from the 1973 injury were time barred as of 1975 regardless of whether agreements reached in 1976 and 1980 were intended in part to relate to the 1973 injury.

II.

The evolution of the statute of limitations for compensation claims througl legislative amendment indicates that payment of medical expenses by an employer or its carrier is not by itself sufficient to toll the statute. This history also demonstrates how Delaware’s statute evolved to be stricter in its requirements than are [614]*614statutes in the majority of jurisdictions.

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Bluebook (online)
521 A.2d 611, 1987 Del. LEXIS 1047, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mccarnan-v-new-castle-county-del-1987.