McCabe v. Foley

233 F.R.D. 683, 2006 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 11399, 2006 WL 547988
CourtDistrict Court, M.D. Florida
DecidedMarch 6, 2006
DocketNo. 3:05CV149-J-25TEM
StatusPublished
Cited by125 cases

This text of 233 F.R.D. 683 (McCabe v. Foley) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, M.D. Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McCabe v. Foley, 233 F.R.D. 683, 2006 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 11399, 2006 WL 547988 (M.D. Fla. 2006).

Opinion

ORDER

MORRIS, United States Magistrate Judge.

This case came before the Court on January 31, 2006 for a hearing1 Defendants’ Joint Motion for a Temporary Stay of Discovery and Protective Order (Doc. #29, Motion to Stay) and the opposition thereto (Doc. # 32). The Court had earlier permitted Nominal Defendant Fidelity National Financial, Inc., to file a reply memorandum in support of the motion to stay (Doc. # 36).

Defendants argue good cause exists for protection from Plaintiffs discovery requests, and to stay overall discovery until the District Court rules on the pending motions to dismiss, because there is a “clear possibility” resolution of those motions will dispose of this case in its entirety. More specifically, Defendants argue Plaintiff has failed to meet the heightened pleading requirement of Fed. R.Civ.P. 23.1, and he is not permitted to use pretrial discovery to comply with the notice pleading standard. The individual defen[685]*685dants have requested the District Court to consider an alternative motion for summary judgment, as set forth in the motion to dismiss complaint (Doe. # 24).

Plaintiff argues Defendants have not shown good cause for entry of a protective order as Defendants have failed to establish “the clear case of hardship required to necessitate a stay of discovery.” Doc. # 32 at l.2 Plaintiff asserts the sought discovery also goes to Defendants’ motion for summary judgment and should be ordered because any stay would prejudice Plaintiffs ability to defend against the pending dispositive motions. Doc. # 32 at 7.

The Court notes the Nominal Defendant Fidelity’s Motion to Dismiss Verified Amended Shareholder Derivative Complaint (Doc. #23) and Individual Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Complaint, or in the Alternative, motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. # 24) are currently pending before the District Court. Further, although the originally established discovery deadline of February 1, 2006 has passed, the Case Management and Scheduling Order (Doc. #20) provides the parties may agree among themselves to ejctend discovery. This case is set for the trial term beginning September 5, 2006.

Plaintiff has filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit alleging breach of fiduciary duties, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of assets, and unjust enrichment. See Doc. # 21, Verified Amended Complaint. Plaintiff asserts demand futility for failing to make a pre-suit demand to the board of directors. All parties agree that Fed. R.Civ.P. 23.1 controls the pleading requirements in this case. Rule 23.1 provides that the complaint shall “allege with particularity the efforts, if any, made by the plaintiff to obtain the action the plaintiff desires from the directors or comparable authority and, if necessary, from the shareholders or members, and the reasons for the plaintiffs failure to obtain the action or for not making the effort.” The parties disagree as to the sufficiency of the Verified Amended Complaint.

In this instance, the defendants have facially attacked the legal sufficiency of the Verified Amended Complaint. In Chudasama v. Mazda Motor Corp., 123 F.3d 1353 (11th Cir.1997), the court determined that challenges to the legal sufficiency of a claim or defense should often be resolved before discovery begins. Id. at 1367. The court noted that such disputes present purely legal questions where there is no need for discovery prior to ruling on dispositive motions. Id. (internal citations omitted). The Chudasama court also noted that discovery imposes many costs on the parties and can tax scarce judicial resources when discovery disputes arise. Id. at 1367-68.

While motions to stay discovery may be granted pursuant to Rule 26(c), Fed. R.Civ.P., the moving party bears the burden of showing good cause and reasonableness. Feldman v. Flood, 176 F.R.D. 651, 652 (M.D.Fla.1997) citing Howard v. Galesi, 107 F.R.D. 348, 350 (S.D.N.Y.1985). A request to stay discovery pending a resolution of a motion is rarely appropriate unless resolution of the motion will dispose of the entire case. Id. In this regard, the Court must take a “preliminary peek” at the merits of a dispositive motion to see if it “appears to be clearly meritorious and truly case dispositive.” Feldman, supra, 176 F.R.D. at 652-53.

“In deciding whether to stay discovery pending resolution of a pending motion, the Court inevitably must balance the harm produced by a delay in discovery against the possibility that the motion will be granted and entirely eliminate the need for such discovery. This involves weighing the likely costs and burdens of proceeding with discovery.” Feldman, supra, 176 F.R.D. at 652.

The Court clarified the parties’ positions and heard oral argument on January 31, 2006. Although Rule 23.1 contains the heightened pleading requirement of showing futility, the substantive analysis of the demand futility argument is based on the law of Delaware where the Defendant company is chartered. Story v. Kang, Case No. [686]*6868:04CV1587T-23TBM, 2006 WL 163078 (M.D.Fla. Jan.20, 2006).

Plaintiff has alleged demand futility based on several types of claims including: (1) that the directors, even the outside directors, engaged in insider selling, (2) that the inside directors and officers and outside directors lack independence from the three members of the compensation committee because they have an interest in guarding their compensation, (3) that members of the compensation, audit and corporate governance and nomination committees (nine of the 11 board members) all were involved in the wrongdoing or concealing of it, and thus breached their duties and could be subject individual liability, and (4) that several of the directors have various types of relationships with each other and would be suing themselves.

The allegations are conclusory. The only support cited for the allegations are newspaper articles (many of which don’t even mentioned Defendant Fidelity) and speculation. In one quoted article, Defendant Foley is quoted as stating that the company has ceased the practice of paying the alleged improper commissions and it had paid only $10 million in commissions.3 Although that supports the claim that the company engaged in the practice Plaintiff alleges, nothing in the complain indicates a specific board action or vote approving of the practice.

Where the alleged corporate wrongdoing is results from a vote by the board, or where the board members own a controlling amount of the shares, courts are more likely to find futility. See, e.g., Clark v. Lomas & Nettleton Financial Corp., 625 F.2d 49 (5th Cir.1980).4 But where a lack of board independence is claimed to show futility, there must be an allegation of particularized facts to show a board is dominated or so influenced as to deprive it of board discretion. In re Sagent Technology, Inc., Derivative Litigation, 278 F.Supp.2d 1079 (N.D.Cal.2003) (applying Delaware law).

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233 F.R.D. 683, 2006 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 11399, 2006 WL 547988, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mccabe-v-foley-flmd-2006.