Maynard v. Narragansett Tribe

CourtCourt of Appeals for the First Circuit
DecidedJanuary 27, 1993
Docket92-2106
StatusPublished

This text of Maynard v. Narragansett Tribe (Maynard v. Narragansett Tribe) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the First Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Maynard v. Narragansett Tribe, (1st Cir. 1993).

Opinion

USCA1 Opinion


January 27, 1993
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT
____________________
____________________

No. 92-2106
No. 92-2106

KENNETH L. MAYNARD,
KENNETH L. MAYNARD,

Plaintiff, Appellant,
Plaintiff, Appellant,

v.
v.

NARRAGANSETT INDIAN TRIBE,
NARRAGANSETT INDIAN TRIBE,

Defendant, Appellee.
Defendant, Appellee.

____________________
____________________

APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF RHODE ISLAND
FOR THE DISTRICT OF RHODE ISLAND

[Hon. Raymond J. Pettine, Senior U.S. District Judge]
[Hon. Raymond J. Pettine, Senior U.S. District Judge]
__________________________

____________________
____________________

Before
Before

Cyr, Circuit Judge,
Cyr, Circuit Judge,
_____________

Campbell, Senior Circuit Judge,
Campbell, Senior Circuit Judge,
____________________

and Boudin, Circuit Judge.
and Boudin, Circuit Judge.
_____________

____________________
____________________

W. Mark Russo with whom Adler, Pollock & Sheehan, Inc. was on
W. Mark Russo with whom Adler, Pollock & Sheehan, Inc. was on
______________ _______________________________
brief for appellant.
brief for appellant.
John F. Killoy, Jr. with whom Law Office of H. Jefferson Melish
John F. Killoy, Jr. with whom Law Office of H. Jefferson Melish
___________________ __________________________________
was on brief for appellee.
was on brief for appellee.

____________________
____________________

____________________
____________________

CYR, Circuit Judge. Kenneth L. Maynard appeals from a
CYR, Circuit Judge
______________

judgment dismissing his claim for injunctive relief against the

Narragansett Indian Tribe. The district court determined that the

Tribe possessed sovereign immunity from suit. We affirm for substan-

tially the same reasons stated in Section III.A of the unreported

district court memorandum and order of dismissal.

"Indian tribes have long been recognized as possessing the

common-law immunity from suit traditionally enjoyed by sovereign

powers." Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez, 436 U.S. 49, 58 (1978); see
__________________ ________ ___

Oklahoma Tax Comm'n v. Citizen Band Potawatomi Indian Tribe of Oklaho-
___________________ _______________________________________________

ma, 498 U.S. 505, , 111 S. Ct. 905, 909 (1991); Bottomly v. Passam-
__ ___ ________ _______

aquoddy Tribe, 599 F.2d 1061, 1066 (1st Cir. 1979). Although sover-
_____________

eign immunity may be waived by the tribe, or abrogated by Congress,

see Oklahoma Tax, 498 U.S. at , 111 S. Ct. at 910, its relinquish-
___ ____________ ____

ment "cannot be implied but must be unequivocally expressed." United
______ __ _______ ______

States v. Testan, 424 U.S. 392, 399 (1976) (emphasis added); see also
______ ______ ___ ____

Fluent v. Salamanca Indian Lease Auth., 928 F.2d 542, 546 (2d Cir.),
______ ____________________________

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 74 (1991) ("When Congress has chosen to limit
_____ ______

or waive the sovereign immunity of Indian tribes, it has done so in
__

clear language.") (citing Act of July 22, 1958, Pub. L. No. 85-547,
_____ ________

1, providing that tribes may "commence" and "defend" actions against

each other) (emphasis added).

Maynard contends that the Narragansett Indian Tribe's

sovereign immunity should not appertain in these circumstances because

its actions encroach on lands to which the Tribe affirmatively relin-

quished all legal claim and title.

The present action arose out of a boundary dispute with the

Tribe, relating to Maynard's allegations that tribal officials repeat-

edly trespassed on his property.* The Tribe acquired the land abut-

ting Maynard's property in 1978, as part of an overall settlement of

its legal claim that the Tribe possessed superior, aboriginal title to

3200 acres in the State of Rhode Island. In return for eventual

congressional approval of the land claims settlement terms, see Rhode
___

Island Indian Claims Settlement Act, 25 U.S.C. 1701-1716 (1978),

the Tribe agreed that its claims to non-settlement lands in Rhode

Island would be extinguished and that the settlement lands by and

large would be "subject to the civil and criminal laws and jurisdic-

tion of the State of Rhode Island." Id. 1705(a), 1708.
___

Maynard invites us to infer a waiver or abrogation of the
_____

Tribe's sovereign immunity, citing to the settlement agreement, the

enacting legislation, and excerpts from the legislative history. As

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
Maynard v. Narragansett Tribe, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/maynard-v-narragansett-tribe-ca1-1993.