Mayflower Insurance Co. v. Mahan

535 N.E.2d 924, 180 Ill. App. 3d 213, 129 Ill. Dec. 159, 1988 Ill. App. LEXIS 1755
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedDecember 22, 1988
Docket1-88-1014
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 535 N.E.2d 924 (Mayflower Insurance Co. v. Mahan) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mayflower Insurance Co. v. Mahan, 535 N.E.2d 924, 180 Ill. App. 3d 213, 129 Ill. Dec. 159, 1988 Ill. App. LEXIS 1755 (Ill. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

JUSTICE JOHNSON

delivered the opinion of the court:

This is an interlocutory appeal (107 Ill. 2d R. 308) by defendant, James C. Mahan, Jr., from an order of the circuit court of Cook County denying his motion to dismiss the complaint of plaintiff, Mayflower Insurance Company. The court also denied defendant’s motion for reconsideration of the motion to dismiss. The issue certified for review is whether claims involving additional uninsured motorist coverage — underinsured motorist coverage under section 143a — 2 of the Illinois Insurance Code (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 73, par. 755a — 2) are required to be determined by binding arbitration. Defendant makes the following contentions on appeal: (1) public policy dictates finality of arbitration awards; (2) plaintiff seeks to expand the limited jurisdiction of the court as set forth in the Uniform Arbitration Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 10, pars. Ill through 114); (3) the arbitration clause is ambiguous and, therefore, should be construed against the insurer; and (4) the Illinois Insurance Code (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 73, par. 755a — 2) prohibits nonbinding arbitration.

We affirm.

Defendant was seriously injured in an automobile accident while a passenger in his father’s vehicle. He received full bodily injury liability coverage ($100,000) from his father’s insurance carrier and filed an underinsured motorist claim with plaintiff, his insurance carrier. The insurance contract between plaintiff and defendant provided for additional uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage in the amount of $500,000. Under the caption of arbitration, the policy further provided, in pertinent part:

“If we and covered person do not agree:
1. Whether that person is legally entitled to recover damages from the owner or operator of an uninsured motor vehicle or underinsured motor vehicle; or
2. As to the amount of damages;
either party may make a written demand for arbitration. ***
* * *
A decision agreed to by two of the arbitrators will be binding as to:
1. Whether the covered person is legally entitled to recover damages; and
2. The amount of damages. This applies only if the amount does not exceed the minimum limit for bodily injury liability specified by the Illinois Safety Responsibility Law. If the amount exceeds that limit, either party may demand the right to a trial. This demand must be made within 60 days of the arbitrators’ decision. If this demand is not made, the amount of damages agreed to by the arbitrators will be binding.”

Pursuant to the policy defendant made a demand for arbitration of his underinsured motorist claim. On February 12, 1987, the arbitrators awarded defendant $500,000, reduced to $400,000 due to the $100,000 previously received. On April 13, 1988, plaintiff filed a complaint in the circuit court of Cook County “demanding” a trial on defendant’s legal entitlement to recover damages and the amount of such damages recoverable. Defendant filed a motion to dismiss the complaint under section 2 — 615 of the Code of Civil Procedure (111. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 110, par. 2 — 615). The motion was denied. Defendant’s motion for reconsideration of the section 2 — 615 motion was also denied. This interlocutory appeal followed.

Defendant’s first contention is that nonbinding arbitration violates the public policy of Illinois. He argues that Illinois’ adoption of the Uniform Arbitration Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 10, par. 101 et seq.) (hereinafter the Act) establishes Illinois public policy favoring the finality of arbitrators’ decisions. Defendant cites Charles O. Finley & Co. v. Kuhn (7th Cir. 1978), 569 F.2d 527, cert. denied (1978), 439 U.S. 876, 58 L. Ed. 2d 190, 99 S. Ct. 214, to support his position.

The Finley court found that a “waiver of recourse” clause contained in a major league agreement was valid. In dicta the court noted that Illinois encourages arbitration as a means of reducing litigation in the court system. Specifically, the court affirmed previous rulings that “informed parties, freely contracting, may waive their recourse to the court.” (Finley, 569 F.2d at 544.) It follows, therefore, that “informed parties, freely contracting” may contract not to waive their recourse to the courts and elect nonbinding arbitration. Contrary to defendant’s assertion, Finley does not suggest that nonbinding arbitration is repugnant to Illinois public policy.

Schutt v. Allstate Insurance Co. (1985), 135 Ill. App. 3d 136, and Board of Trustees v. Cook County College Teachers Union (1981), 102 Ill. App. 3d 681, were also cited by defendant to support his argument that nonbinding arbitration violates Illinois public policy. The issue in Schutt was whether Allstate was entitled to a setoff against the arbitrators’ award for sums previously paid under the insurance policy and not whether the arbitrators’ award was binding. In order to determine whether Allstate was required to raise the setoff issue at arbitration, the court ruled that the arbitration agreement between the parties controlled which issues were subject to arbitration. (Schutt, 135 Ill. App. 3d at 141.) The arbitration agreement specified that the parties agreed to be bound by any award rendered by the arbitrators.

Similar to Charles O. Finley & Co. v. Kuhn (7th Cir. 1978), 569 F.2d 527, the court in Schutt implicitly found that in construing arbitration agreements the court should give effect to the intentions of the parties as expressed in the agreement.

Board of Trustees v. Cook County College Teachers Union (1981), 102 Ill. App. 3d 681, is also distinguishable from the present case. In Board of Trustees the collective bargaining agreement at issue provided for binding arbitration. To this extent, the court stated that since it was the arbitrators’ contract construction that the parties had bargained for, its contract interpretation would be subject to review only to determine if the award drew its essence from the agreement. (Board of Trustees, 102 Ill. App. 3d at 683-84.) Hence, there was no issue as to whether the arbitrators’ award was binding.

The above cases, as well as others cited by defendant, fail to support his allegation that nonbinding arbitration violates Illinois public policy. Although Illinois case law does support arbitration as a means of settling disputes, Illinois has not gone so far as to change the terms of the contract to mandate binding arbitration when the parties have agreed otherwise. Hence, we agree with the trial court’s finding that Illinois public policy does not prohibit enforcement of nonbinding arbitration agreements.

Defendant further contends that sections 11 through 14 of the Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 10, pars. Ill through 114) provide the only means of review of the arbitrators’ award.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
535 N.E.2d 924, 180 Ill. App. 3d 213, 129 Ill. Dec. 159, 1988 Ill. App. LEXIS 1755, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mayflower-insurance-co-v-mahan-illappct-1988.