Maxwell v. State

197 S.W.3d 442, 359 Ark. 335
CourtSupreme Court of Arkansas
DecidedNovember 4, 2004
DocketCR 03-1220
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 197 S.W.3d 442 (Maxwell v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Arkansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Maxwell v. State, 197 S.W.3d 442, 359 Ark. 335 (Ark. 2004).

Opinion

Ray Thornton, Justice.

Appellant, Beverly Maxwell, was convicted of attempting to obtain prescription drugs by fraud and sentenced to sixty months’ probation. Appellant’s conviction stems from an incident that occurred on February 26, 2002. On that day, the Harvest Foods pharmacy received a call from “Sylvia,” an individual claiming to be a nurse from Dr. Patrick Osam’s office. “Sylvia” called in a prescription for generic Darvocet and Phenergan for appellant’s daughter, Lashawna Maxwell. The pharmacist, Leo Kordsmeier, had previously received call-in prescriptions for Lashawna from “Sylvia,” but they were normally received after hours. Appellant usually picked up the prescriptions.

In an effort to verify the prescriptions, Mr. Kordsmeier called Dr. Osam’s office. Dr. Osam’s office informed Mr. Kordsmeier that “Sylvia” was not employed by the office, and that they had not called in a prescription for Lashawna. In fact, according to Dr. Osam, on February 26, 2002, he was in Florida, and according to his records neither Lashawna Maxwell nor Beverly Maxwell were his patients at that time. After failing to validate the prescriptions, the police were notified. When appellant arrived at the pharmacy and requested a prescription for “Maxwell,” she was arrested.

On May 17, 2002, the State filed a criminal information, charging appellant with criminal attempt to obtain drugs by fraud. In the information, the State also alleged that appellant had previously been convicted of four or more felonies.

On February 11, 2003, a bench trial was held in the Pulaski County Circuit Court. At the end of the State’s case-in-chief, appellant’s attorney moved for a directed verdict. The trial court denied appellant’s motion. The motion was not renewed at the close of the evidence. After considering the evidence, the trial court concluded that appellant was guilty. On May 15, 2003, appellant was sentenced to sixty months probation. On May 22, 2003, the judgment and commitment order was filed.

On June 6, 2003, after retaining new counsel, appellant filed a motion seeking a new trial. In her motion, appellant argued that she deserved a new trial because her trial counsel was ineffective. Appellant argued that her trial counsel was ineffective because she failed to obtain complete discovery prior to trial and because she permitted appellant’s son to testify at trial against appellant’s wishes. No action was taken on appellant’s motion, and after thirty days, appellant’s motion was deemed denied.

On August 5, 2003, appellant filed her notice of appeal. Appellant raises two points for our consideration, and we affirm on both points.

In her second point on appeal, appellant argues that the evidence was insufficient to support her conviction. Although appellant raises this issue as her final point on appeal, double-jeopardy considerations require us to consider a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence before considering the other points that are raised. Pratt v. State, 359 Ark. 16, 194 S.W.3d 183 (2004).

Before considering the merits of appellant’s challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence, we must first determine whether the issue was properly preserved for appellate review. A criminal defendant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence by raising a motion to dismiss or a motion requesting a directed verdict. Rule 33.1 of the Arkansas Rules of Criminal Procedure explains the procedure a criminal defendant must follow when making a proper motion for dismissal or directed verdict. The Rule in relevant part provides:

(b) In a nonjury trial, if a motion for dismissal is to be made, it shall be made at the close of all of the evidence. The motion for dismissal shall state the specific grounds therefor. If the defendant moved for dismissal at the conclusion of the prosecution’s evidence, then the motion must be renewed at the close of all of the evidence.
(c) The failure of a defendant to challenge the sufficiency of the evidence at the times and in the manner required in subsections (a) and (b) above will constitute a waiver of any question pertaining to the sufficiency of the evidence to support the verdict or judgment.

Id.

Rule 33.1 is strictly construed. Pratt, supra. In accordance with this rule, we have beld that to preserve a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence in a bench trial a criminal defendant must make a motion for dismissal at the close of the evidence. See McClina v. State, 354 Ark. 384, 123 S.W.3d 883 (2003).

Mindful of the foregoing principles, we must now consider whether the motion made by appellant’s attorney preserved for appeal the issue of the sufficiency of the evidence. At the close of tbe State’s case-in-chief, appellant’s attorney argued that the State had failed to meet its burden of proof and requested that the trial court dismiss the charge against appellant. The trial court denied appellant’s motion, and appellant proceeded to present her casein-chief. At the close of her case, the following colloquy occurred:

Ms. Mosby [counsel for appellant]: We rest,your honor.
Trial court: Anything further from the State?
Mr. Smith [prosecutor]: State has no rebuttal.
Trial court: Okay. I’m going to find the defendant guilty.

After reviewing the facts surrounding appellant’s motion for dismissal, and the foregoing colloquy, we conclude that appellant failed to comply with the requirements of Rule 33.1 because she failed to make a renewed motion for dismissal at the close of the evidence. Because appellant failed to comply with Rule 33.1, appellant’s sufficiency argument is not preserved for appeal.

Appellant next argues that she is entitled to a new trial because her trial attorney was ineffective. Appellant challenged the effectiveness of her attorney in a motion requesting a new trial. She argued that she was entitled to a new trial because her attorney failed to obtain and introduce certain evidence and because her attorney permitted her son to testify at trial against appellant’s wishes. A hearing was not held to consider appellant’s motion and an order was not entered granting or denying appellant’s motion. Thus, pursuant to Rule 33.3, appellant’s motion was deemed denied after thirty days. 1 In her notice of appeal, appellant stated that she was appealing from her conviction, sentence, and the denial of her motion requesting a new trial.

We have previously reviewed challenges to the effectiveness of a trial attorney in a direct appeal when such claims were raised in a posttrial motion requesting a new trial and a hearing to consider the issue was held. See Missildine v. State, 314 Ark. 500, 863 S.W.2d 813 (1993).

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Bluebook (online)
197 S.W.3d 442, 359 Ark. 335, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/maxwell-v-state-ark-2004.