Pursuant to Ind.Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before Mar 26 2014, 9:14 am any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
JILL M. ACKLIN GREGORY F. ZOELLER Acklin Law Office, LLC Attorney General of Indiana Westfield, Indiana JOSEPH Y. HO Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
MATTHEW RAMSEY, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 48A02-1308-CR-704 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE MADISON CIRCUIT COURT The Honorable Angela Warner Sims, Judge The Honorable Jason A. Childers, Judge Pro Tempore Cause No. 48C01-0809-FB-537 Cause No. 48C01-1209-FD-1803
March 26, 2014
MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION
BAILEY, Judge Case Summary
Matthew Ramsey (“Ramsey”) was convicted in Cause FB-537 (“FB-537”) of Child
Molesting, as a Class B felony,1 and in Cause FD-1803 (“FD-1803”) of Failure to Register as
a Sex Offender, as a Class D felony.2 Ramsey was subsequently found to have violated the
terms of probation ordered in both cases, as well as the requirements of work release in FD-
1803. His work release placement and probation were thereafter revoked.
Ramsey now appeals. We affirm.
Issue
Ramsey raises two issues for our review. We consolidate these into a single issue:
whether the trial court fundamentally erred when it revoked Ramsey’s probation after
limiting the time available for Ramsey to provide testimony upon redirect examination,
where Ramsey did not object to the limitation of time, seek a continuance, or attempt to offer
additional testimony.
Facts and Procedural History
On January 16, 2009, in FB-537, Ramsey and the State entered into a plea agreement
under which Ramsey agreed to enter a plea of guilty to a single count of Child Molesting, as
a Class B felony. Pursuant to the agreement, the State recommended that Ramsey receive ten
years imprisonment, with four years suspended to probation. The trial court agreed with the
State, and on February 27, 2009, the court entered a judgment of conviction against Ramsey
1 Ind. Code § 35-42-4-3(a).
2 I.C. § 11-8-8-17(a).
2 and sentenced him according to the State’s request. The terms of Ramsey’s probation
required that he participate in a sex offender treatment program approved by the probation
department, with all treatment recommendations, and provide verification of his compliance.
Ramsey was released from the Department of Correction to probation on September 8,
2011. On August 20, 2012, the State filed a notice of probation violation, alleging that
Ramsey had failed to comply with the treatment program and financial requirements of his
probation. A probation revocation hearing was conducted on October 1, 2012, at the end of
which the trial court found Ramsey to have violated the terms of his probation. The court
ordered Ramsey to serve as executed time in the Madison County Jail ninety days of the
suspended sentence. On October 3, 2012, Ramsey was readmitted into the sex offender
treatment program.
On September 26, 2012, during the pendency of the first probation revocation
proceeding, Ramsey was charged in FD-1803 with Failure to Register as a Sex Offender, as a
Class D felony. Ramsey pled guilty to this charge on January 7, 2013, and on February 25,
2013, he was sentenced to three years imprisonment, with two years to be served at the
Madison County Work Release Center and one year suspended to probation.
Ramsey entered into work release on February 26, 2013. On June 18, 2013, the State
filed a petition seeking to terminate Ramsey’s work release placement for violation of several
provisions of the terms of his work release, including failure to turn in work verification,
refusal to cooperate, possession of contraband, failure to report whereabouts, and excessive
absence from the work release facility. On June 24, 2013, the petition was amended to allege
3 that Ramsey had been arrested on an outstanding warrant and that he was in arrears on
payments for work release fees. On June 28, 2013, the State sought revocation of the
probation in FD-1803 and alleged that Ramsey had violated the terms of his probation by
failing to complete both a sex offender treatment program and the work release portion of his
sentence.
On July 10, 2013, the State filed a notice of violation of suspended sentence in FB-
537, alleging that Ramsey had failed to complete sex offender treatment.
A hearing on revocation of Ramsey’s work release placement and probation was
conducted on July 15, 2013. During the hearing, the parties called witnesses and Ramsey
testified on his own behalf. During the State’s cross-examination of Ramsey, the trial court
stated that examination of Ramsey could only continue for five more minutes. Ramsey’s trial
counsel did not object and did not attempt to conduct a re-direct examination of Ramsey.
The parties proceeded to closing argument.
At the end of the hearing, Ramsey’s probation was revoked in both FB-537 and FD-
1803, and he was ordered to serve as executed time the full terms of imprisonment in both
causes, with the sentence in FD-1803 to be served consecutively to that in FB-537.
This appeal ensued.
Discussion and Decision
Ramsey raises a single issue for our review: whether the trial court’s decision, which
revoked his probation and work release placement in Causes FB-537 and FD-1803, was
fundamentally erroneous because the trial court did not permit examination of Ramsey to
4 continue for more than five minutes after a certain point in the State’s cross-examination, and
Ramsey’s attorney did not object, seek a continuance, or attempt to offer further evidence.
Whether to revoke a defendant’s probation is within the sole discretion of the trial
court. Woods v. State, 892 N.E.2d 637, 639 (Ind. 2008). We review such decision for an
abuse of discretion. Id. We consider only the evidence most favorable the judgment, and do
not reweigh evidence or reassess the credibility of witnesses. Id. If there is substantial
evidence of probative value to support the trial court’s decision that a defendant has violated
the terms of probation, we will affirm the decision to revoke probation. Id. Where, as here,
we consider the revocation of placement in a community corrections program like work
release, we use the same standard as we do in reviewing the revocation of probation. Cox v.
State, 706 N.E.2d 547, 549 (Ind. 1999).
A defendant is not entitled to probation or placement in a community corrections
program. Cox, 706 N.E.2d at 549. Such placement “is a matter of grace and a conditional
liberty that is a favor, not a right.” Id. (citations and quotations omitted).
Probationers are not entitled to the full array of constitutional rights afforded to
defendants at trial, but they are entitled to “procedural and substantive limits on the
revocation of the conditional liberty created by probation.” Woods, 892 N.E.2d at 639
(citations and quotations omitted). In a probation revocation proceeding, due process
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Pursuant to Ind.Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before Mar 26 2014, 9:14 am any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
JILL M. ACKLIN GREGORY F. ZOELLER Acklin Law Office, LLC Attorney General of Indiana Westfield, Indiana JOSEPH Y. HO Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
MATTHEW RAMSEY, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 48A02-1308-CR-704 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE MADISON CIRCUIT COURT The Honorable Angela Warner Sims, Judge The Honorable Jason A. Childers, Judge Pro Tempore Cause No. 48C01-0809-FB-537 Cause No. 48C01-1209-FD-1803
March 26, 2014
MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION
BAILEY, Judge Case Summary
Matthew Ramsey (“Ramsey”) was convicted in Cause FB-537 (“FB-537”) of Child
Molesting, as a Class B felony,1 and in Cause FD-1803 (“FD-1803”) of Failure to Register as
a Sex Offender, as a Class D felony.2 Ramsey was subsequently found to have violated the
terms of probation ordered in both cases, as well as the requirements of work release in FD-
1803. His work release placement and probation were thereafter revoked.
Ramsey now appeals. We affirm.
Issue
Ramsey raises two issues for our review. We consolidate these into a single issue:
whether the trial court fundamentally erred when it revoked Ramsey’s probation after
limiting the time available for Ramsey to provide testimony upon redirect examination,
where Ramsey did not object to the limitation of time, seek a continuance, or attempt to offer
additional testimony.
Facts and Procedural History
On January 16, 2009, in FB-537, Ramsey and the State entered into a plea agreement
under which Ramsey agreed to enter a plea of guilty to a single count of Child Molesting, as
a Class B felony. Pursuant to the agreement, the State recommended that Ramsey receive ten
years imprisonment, with four years suspended to probation. The trial court agreed with the
State, and on February 27, 2009, the court entered a judgment of conviction against Ramsey
1 Ind. Code § 35-42-4-3(a).
2 I.C. § 11-8-8-17(a).
2 and sentenced him according to the State’s request. The terms of Ramsey’s probation
required that he participate in a sex offender treatment program approved by the probation
department, with all treatment recommendations, and provide verification of his compliance.
Ramsey was released from the Department of Correction to probation on September 8,
2011. On August 20, 2012, the State filed a notice of probation violation, alleging that
Ramsey had failed to comply with the treatment program and financial requirements of his
probation. A probation revocation hearing was conducted on October 1, 2012, at the end of
which the trial court found Ramsey to have violated the terms of his probation. The court
ordered Ramsey to serve as executed time in the Madison County Jail ninety days of the
suspended sentence. On October 3, 2012, Ramsey was readmitted into the sex offender
treatment program.
On September 26, 2012, during the pendency of the first probation revocation
proceeding, Ramsey was charged in FD-1803 with Failure to Register as a Sex Offender, as a
Class D felony. Ramsey pled guilty to this charge on January 7, 2013, and on February 25,
2013, he was sentenced to three years imprisonment, with two years to be served at the
Madison County Work Release Center and one year suspended to probation.
Ramsey entered into work release on February 26, 2013. On June 18, 2013, the State
filed a petition seeking to terminate Ramsey’s work release placement for violation of several
provisions of the terms of his work release, including failure to turn in work verification,
refusal to cooperate, possession of contraband, failure to report whereabouts, and excessive
absence from the work release facility. On June 24, 2013, the petition was amended to allege
3 that Ramsey had been arrested on an outstanding warrant and that he was in arrears on
payments for work release fees. On June 28, 2013, the State sought revocation of the
probation in FD-1803 and alleged that Ramsey had violated the terms of his probation by
failing to complete both a sex offender treatment program and the work release portion of his
sentence.
On July 10, 2013, the State filed a notice of violation of suspended sentence in FB-
537, alleging that Ramsey had failed to complete sex offender treatment.
A hearing on revocation of Ramsey’s work release placement and probation was
conducted on July 15, 2013. During the hearing, the parties called witnesses and Ramsey
testified on his own behalf. During the State’s cross-examination of Ramsey, the trial court
stated that examination of Ramsey could only continue for five more minutes. Ramsey’s trial
counsel did not object and did not attempt to conduct a re-direct examination of Ramsey.
The parties proceeded to closing argument.
At the end of the hearing, Ramsey’s probation was revoked in both FB-537 and FD-
1803, and he was ordered to serve as executed time the full terms of imprisonment in both
causes, with the sentence in FD-1803 to be served consecutively to that in FB-537.
This appeal ensued.
Discussion and Decision
Ramsey raises a single issue for our review: whether the trial court’s decision, which
revoked his probation and work release placement in Causes FB-537 and FD-1803, was
fundamentally erroneous because the trial court did not permit examination of Ramsey to
4 continue for more than five minutes after a certain point in the State’s cross-examination, and
Ramsey’s attorney did not object, seek a continuance, or attempt to offer further evidence.
Whether to revoke a defendant’s probation is within the sole discretion of the trial
court. Woods v. State, 892 N.E.2d 637, 639 (Ind. 2008). We review such decision for an
abuse of discretion. Id. We consider only the evidence most favorable the judgment, and do
not reweigh evidence or reassess the credibility of witnesses. Id. If there is substantial
evidence of probative value to support the trial court’s decision that a defendant has violated
the terms of probation, we will affirm the decision to revoke probation. Id. Where, as here,
we consider the revocation of placement in a community corrections program like work
release, we use the same standard as we do in reviewing the revocation of probation. Cox v.
State, 706 N.E.2d 547, 549 (Ind. 1999).
A defendant is not entitled to probation or placement in a community corrections
program. Cox, 706 N.E.2d at 549. Such placement “is a matter of grace and a conditional
liberty that is a favor, not a right.” Id. (citations and quotations omitted).
Probationers are not entitled to the full array of constitutional rights afforded to
defendants at trial, but they are entitled to “procedural and substantive limits on the
revocation of the conditional liberty created by probation.” Woods, 892 N.E.2d at 639
(citations and quotations omitted). In a probation revocation proceeding, due process
requires, at minimum, “(a) written notice of the claimed violations of probation; (b)
disclosure of the evidence []; (c) an opportunity to be heard and present evidence; (d) the
5 right to confront and cross-examine witnesses; and (e) a neutral and detached hearing body.”
Id.
Here, Ramsey argues that the trial court’s decision during the State’s cross-
examination to limit further testimony from Ramsey to an additional five minutes was
improper. He acknowledges that he lodged no objection to this, but contends that the
limiting of time for testimony was fundamental error. “Fundamental error is error that
constitutes a blatant violation of basic principles, the harm or potential for harm is
substantial, and the resulting error denies the defendant fundamental due process.” Carden v.
State, 873 N.E.2d 160, 164 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007) (citing Matthews v. State, 849 N.E.2d 578,
587 (Ind. 2006)). For an error to be fundamental, it “must be so prejudicial to the rights of
the defendant as to make a fair trial impossible.” Id. (citing Ritchie v. State, 809 N.E.2d 258,
273 (Ind. 2004)).
Here, Ramsey testified concerning alleged violations of probation and work release
requirements. The State cross-examined him. During the cross-examination the trial court
interjected, “Counsel, I’m going to allow five (5) more minutes for, uh, questioning.” (Tr. at
86.) The State acknowledged this; Ramsey did not object or request a continuance. After
cross-examination concluded, Ramsey did not offer additional testimony or evidence when
the State concluded its questioning:
[STATE]: No further questions, Your Honor.
[RAMSEY]: No other questions.
[COURT]: Any additional evidence?
6 [RAMSEY]: No, Your Honor.
[COURT]: Okay. Argument…
(Tr. at 88-89.)
Ramsey contends that his theory during closing argument, that he lacks sophistication
and ordinary levels of responsibility, was harmed by the lack of further evidence. However,
it is clear from the transcript that Ramsey had the opportunity to adduce further testimony
and evidence but declined to do so. Under these circumstances, we cannot conclude that the
trial court’s instruction concerning additional time for testimony fundamentally deprived
Ramsey of due process. We accordingly affirm the trial court’s orders revoking his probation
and work release placement in community corrections.
Affirmed.
KIRSCH, J., and MAY, J., concur.