Matter of Rosenfelder (Commr. of Labor)

137 A.D.3d 1438, 28 N.Y.S.3d 137

• Court: Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
• Decided: March 17, 2016
• Docket: 520662
• Status: Published

Opinion

McCarthy, J.R

Appeals from two decisions of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board, filed May 21, 2014, which ruled, among other things, that Community First Holdings, Inc. was liable for unemployment insurance contributions on remuneration paid to claimant and others similarly situated.

Community First Holdings, Inc. (hereinafter CFHI) prints and publishes a daily newspaper. In January 2012, claimant entered into a contract with CFHI to deliver newspapers within designated geographic routes using her own vehicle. When claimant became unable to service the routes due to vehicle problems, she ended her contract and applied for unemployment insurance benefits. The Department of Labor issued initial determinations finding that she was eligible to receive benefits and that CFHI was liable for additional unemployment insurance contributions on remuneration paid to claimant and others similarly situated. CFHI objected and, following lengthy hearings, an Administrative Law Judge overruled the initial determinations and found that claimant was an independent contractor, not an employee of CFHI. The Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board disagreed and ruled, among other things, that an employment relationship existed between CFHI and claimant, and that CFHI was liable for unemployment insurance contributions on remuneration paid to her and others similarly situated. CFHI now appeals.

The existence of an employment relationship is a factual issue for the Board to resolve and its decision in this regard will be upheld if supported by substantial evidence (see Matter of Concourse Ophthalmology Assoc. [Roberts], 60 NY2d 734, 736 [1983]; Matter of Hunter [Gannett Co., Inc.—Commissioner of Labor], 125 AD3d 1166, 1167 [2015]). The pertinent inquiry is whether the purported employer exercised “control over the results produced or the means used to achieve those results . . . with the latter being more important” (Matter of Joyce [Coface N. Am. Ins. Co.—Commissioner of Labor], 116 AD3d 1132, 1134 [2014] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted]; see Matter of Armison [Gannett Co., Inc.—Commissioner of Labor], 122 AD3d 1101, 1102 [2014], lv dismissed 24 NY3d 1209 [2015]).

Here, claimant responded to a newspaper advertisement soliciting motor route carriers and was retained by CFHI after meeting with its district manager. Claimant signed an independent contractor distributor agreement that (1) assigned her specific routes, (2) required her to furnish her own vehicle with proof of insurance, (3) set forth specific rates governing her compensation, (4) required her to deliver newspapers in a dry condition by specified times, (5) imposed a penalty upon her if CFHI had to make a delivery due to a subscriber complaint, and (6) provided for termination of the contract by CFHI in the event that claimant received more than 10 subscriber complaints. Although no formal training was provided by CFHI, its district manager reviewed a checklist with claimant containing detailed information that she needed to know to perform her duties. In addition, CFHI provided claimant with optional property damage and personal injury insurance for purchase through an independent carrier, made available supplies, such as rain bags and rubber bands, for claimant to purchase, prohibited claimant from placing any inserts or other materials in the newspapers to be delivered and fielded customer complaints before referring them to claimant. As in many of the other newspaper delivery carrier cases, the record as a whole contains substantial evidence to support the conclusion that CFHI retained a sufficient indicia of control over the performance of claimant’s duties to establish the existence of an employment relationship (see Matter of Hunter [Gannett Co., Inc.—Commissioner of Labor], 125 AD3d at 1167-1168; Matter of Isaacs [Speedy Media Assoc., LLC— Commissioner of Labor], 125 AD3d 1077, 1078-1079 [2015]; Matter of Armison [Gannett Co., Inc.—Commissioner of Labor], 122 AD3d at 1102-1103; see also Matter of Gray [Glens Falls Newspapers—Roberts], 134 AD2d 791, 791-792 [1987]). Furthermore, there is no indication that the Board ignored the Department of Labor’s guidelines in reaching its decisions (see Matter of Travis [Gannett Satellite Info. Network, Inc.—Commissioner of Labor], 127 AD3d 1349, 1349 [2015]; Matter of Armison [Gannett Co., Inc.—Commissioner of Labor], 122 AD3d at 1103). CFHI’s remaining contentions were raised for the first time in its reply brief and are therefore not properly before us (see Schulz v Cuomo, 133 AD3d 945, 948 [2015], appeal dismissed 26 NY3d 1139 [2016]).

Egan Jr., Rose, Devine and Clark, JJ., concur.

Ordered that the decisions are affirmed, without costs.