Matter of A.D., YINC

Opinion

n , 7 ri 7 7 . 0 i il ili, '1 i iv 09/21/2021

DA 21-0134 Case Number: DA 21-0134

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA 2021 MT 241N

IN THE MATTER OF: FILED A.D., SEP 21 2021 A Youth in Need of Care. Bowen Greenwood Clerk of Supreme Court State of Montana

APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Second Judicial District, In and For the County of Butte-Silver Bow, Cause No. DN 18-59-KK Honorable Kurt Krueger, Presiding Judge

COUNSEL OF RECORD:

For Appellant:

Shannon Hathaway, Driscoll Hathaway Law Group, Missoula, Montana

For Appellee:

Austin Knudsen, Montana Attorney General, Katie F. Schulz, Assistant Attorney General, Helena, Montana

Eileen Joyce, Butte-Silver Bow County Attorney, Mark Vucurovich, Special Deputy County Attorney, Butte, Montana

Submitted on Briefs: August 25, 2021

Decided: September 21, 2021

Filed:

Clerk Justice Ingrid Gustafson delivered the Opinion of the Court.

Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c), Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating

Rules, this case is decided by memorandum opinion and shall not be cited and does not

serve as precedent. Its case title, cause number, and disposition shall be included in this

Court's quarterly list of noncitable cases published in the Pacific Reporter and Montana

Reports.

¶2 M.D. (Father) appeals from the Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Order

Terminating Parental Rights and Granting Perrnanent Legal Custody, Re: Birth Father,

entered by the Second Judicial District Court, Butte-Silver Bow County, on February 24,

2021, terminating his parental rights to A.D. (Child). Father argues the District Court

violated his due process rights by failing to provide him with fundamentally fair procedures

and the District Court erred in concluding the continuation of the parent-child relationship

would likely result in continued abuse and neglect to Child.

¶3 Child is the only biological child of Father with M.W. (Mother).1 Father has an

extensive history with the Department of Public Health and Human Services, Child and

Family Services Division (Departrnent), involving other children dating back to 2009. The

Department began receiving reports involving domestic violence in front of Child in

September 2017. Mother obtained a permanent restraining order against Father in October

2017, following a physical altercation. Despite the restraining order, the Departrnent

I Father has other children not at issue in these proceedings.

2 continued to receive reports of physical altercations between Mother and Father in front of

or involving Child, including reports that Father had forcibly removed Child from Mother's

care on multiple occasions. The Department counseled Mother and Father how to safely

exchange Child to avoid future violations of the order of protection.

¶4 The Departrnent ultimately removed Child from both Mother and Father on June 19,

2018, following an incident where Father broke into Mother's home and forcibly removed

Child from Mother in the early morning hours. Father was arrested and charged with

burglary, partner or family member assault (PFMA), and violation of a protection order.

The Department petitioned for Ernergency Protective Services, adjudication of Child as a

Youth in Need of Care (YINC) and Temporary Legal Custody (TLC) on June 26, 2018. A

joint show cause, adjudication, and disposition hearing was held July 18, 2018. Father

appeared at the hearing via VisionNet as he was incarcerated at the time of the hearing. He

stipulated Child was a YINC and to granting TLC to the Department. At the same hearing,

Mother stipulated to granting the Department Temporary Investigative Authority (TIA).

After the hearing, the court issued two orders: one granting the Department TLC as to

Father and one granting TIA as to Mother.2 Father did not object.

¶5 The Department petitioned for an extension of TLC in January 2019. In the

accompanying affidavit, Child Protection Specialist (CPS) Ciana Dale attested Father went

to the Department when he was released from prison in October 2018 but became defensive

2 The court later granted the Department TLC as to Mother on October 10, 2018.

3 and left when they discussed developing a treatment plan. Dale attested she had not heard

from Father since that meeting and did not know his whereabouts. Father declined to

provide any information when Dale reached him by telephone and indicated he would not

participate in the Department's efforts. Nonetheless, the Department submitted referrals

for Father to providers for visitation, anger management, and chemical dependency. Father

did not engage with any of the providers. Dale attested the Department provided Father's

attorney with a proposed treatment plan on December 6, 2018, but had no communication

back regarding the plan. She attested Father was not working with the Department and had

made no efforts toward reunification. Before a hearing on the petition to extend TLC, the

Department filed a motion to approve Father's treatment plan on March 20, 2019. Dale

asserted in the accompanying affidavit the Department had attempted to resolve treatment

plan issues with Father but was unable to do so. The hearing set for April 10, 2019, on

extending TLC and approving Father's treatment plan was continued as Father sought

appointrnent of new counsel. The hearing was held on May 15, 2019, with new counsel

for Father present. Father was not present. The court extended TLC for an additional six

months and approved Father's treatment plan. The treatment plan stated Father was to

engage in some tasks by January 15, 2018.

¶6 The Department filed a rnotion for a perrnanency hearing on August 19, 2019. The

perrnanency plan was reunification with Mother, with a secondary plan of reunification

with Father. Dale attested in the accompanying affidavit the Department had atternpted to

reach out to Father through letters, phone calls, and contact with his attorneys but had been

4 unable to contact him. She asserted if Father continued to avoid the Department and the

Department could not alleviate safety concerns, it would seek termination of Father's

parental rights.

¶7 The Department petitioned to terminate Father's parental rights on January 23,

2020. After several continuances and appointment of another new counsel for Father in

October 2020, the termination hearing was held on February 16, 2021. By the time of the

hearing, Child had been in a trial home visit with Mother for several months and the

Department indicated it intended to dismiss the dependent neglect case as to Mother.

Father was incarcerated at the time of the termination hearing on two separate five-year

sentences to the Department of Corrections, with an additional three felony cases still

pending, which included an incident of PFMA and violence involving another partner and

child.

¶8 Dale was the only witness at the termination hearing. She detailed the Department's

efforts to assist Father and testified Father "took absolutely no steps to assist the

Department and to assist himself in reunifying with [Child]." On cross-examination, Dale

acknowledged the deadlines in the treatment plan had passed before the plan was approved

by the court. She also acknowledged that since the appointrnent of new counsel in

October 2020, Father had reached out to the Department about chemical dependency and

mental health issues, but Dale had not verified whether he had participated in any

programming available at the jail. In closing, Father's counsel argued termination was not

appropriate, as Child was placed with Mother with no ongoing safety concerns. The

5 District Court terminated Father's parental rights to Child under § 41-3-609(1)(f), MCA.

The court found Father had a history of dornestic violence and physical abuse against the

mothers of his children. The court found Father failed all components of his treatment plan

and the conduct or condition rendering him unfit, unable, or unwilling to give Child

adequate parental care was unlikely to change within a reasonable time because of a

complete failure to develop a relationship with Child or work with the Department and his

continued criminal activity. The Court found a continuation ofthe parent-child relationship

between Father and Child would likely result in continued abuse and neglect. Father

appeals.

¶9 We review a district court's decision to terminate a person's parental rights for an

abuse of discretion. In re A.B., 2020 MT 64, ¶ 23, 399 Mont. 219, 460 P.3d 405. "We will

not disturb a district court's decision on appeal unless there is a mistake of law or a finding

of fact not supported by substantial evidence that would amount to a clear abuse of

discretion." In re H.T, 2015 MT 41, ¶ 10, 378 Mont. 206, 343 P.3d 159.

11110 Father first argues his right to fundarnentally fair procedures was violated because

the District Court granted TLC as to Father and TIA as to Mother at the show cause hearing

in violation of the statutes governing dependent neglect proceedings and the Department

did not develop a treatment plan for him within thirty days of the grant of TLC. See

§§ 41-3-437, -438, -443, MCA. Father did not raise either of these issues before the District

Court and has waived the issues on appeal. In re A.A., 2005 MT 119, ¶ 26, 327 Mont. 127,

112 P.3d 993. Father stipulated to TLC and did not object to its repeated extension. The

6 Court will not fault a District Court when the appealing party acquiesced or actively

participated in the ruling being challenged on appeal. In re A.A., ¶ 26. Further, any error

regarding the delay in obtaining court approval of Father's treatment plan was harmless.

In re A.L.P., 2020 MT 87, ¶ 26, 399 Mont. 504, 461 P.3d 136. Much of the delay regarding

the treatment plan was caused by Father's refusal to engage with the Department in any

way. The record further demonstrates Father did not engage with the Department in any

meaningful manner even after his treatment plan was ordered in May 2019. The

Department did not file for termination until January 2020 and the hearing on that petition

was not held until February 2021. Father failed to address any components of his treatment

plan in the over twenty months between the ordering of his treatment plan and the

termination hearing. The District Court did not find the treatment plan failed because

Father failed to complete tasks within the timeframe stated in the plan, but because he did

not complete any tasks within the twenty months the plan was approved by the court.

¶11 Next Father argues the District Court erred in concluding Father's continued

relationship with Child would result in continued abuse and neglect. Father argues it was

unnecessary to terminate his parental rights because Child was placed safely with Mother.

Father maintains any remaining safety concerns he poses to Child could be addressed by a

parenting plan.

¶12 A court may terminate parental rights when (1) a child has been adjudicated as a

YINC; (2) an appropriate treatrnent plan approved by the court has not been complied with

by the parent or has not been successful; and (3) the conduct or condition of the parent

7 rendering him unfit is unlikely to change within a reasonable time. Section 41-3-609(1)(f),

MCA. Each factor must be supported by clear and convincing evidence.

Section 41-3-609(1), MCA. In determining whether the conduct or condition of the parent

is likely to change within a reasonable time, "the court shall enter a finding that

continuation of the parent-child legal relationship will likely result in continued abuse or

neglect or that the conduct or the condition of the parent[] renders the parent[] unfit, unable,

or unwilling to give the child adequate parental care." Section 41-3-609(2), MCA.

¶13 The District Court made sufficient findings and conclusions to support its decision

to terminate Father's parental rights under § 41-3-609(1)(f), MCA. Whether a child is

returned to the other parent is not determinative under § 41-3-609, MCA. The District

Court found Father was unlikely to change, citing Father's failure to develop a relationship

with A.D. over the two years of these proceedings, his refusal to work with the Departrnent,

and his continued criminal activity. The court found Father has a history of dornestic

violence and physical abuse against the mothers of his children. Father's behaviors had

not changed despite repeated Department interventions over more than a decade. Here,

Father's prior behaviors actively interfered with Mother's ability to safely parent and the

Department was warranted in seeking termination of Father's parental rights, rather than

leaving it to the parents to work out in a parenting plan action. See In re D.D., 2021 MT

66, ¶ 19, 403 Mont. 376, 482 P.3d 1176 ("[T]he evidence suggests Father has negatively

impacted Mother's parenting abilities and termination of Father's parenting rights

8 irnproves Mother's potential to remain a safe, stable parent for Child which is at the heart

of Child's permanency.").

¶14 The District Court did not err in concluding Father's continued relationship with

Child would likely result in continued abuse and neglect. The District Court did not abuse

its discretion in terminating Father's parental rights.

¶15 We have determined to decide this case pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c) of our

Internal Operating Rules, which provides for memorandum opinions. In the opinion of the

Court, the case presents a question controlled by settled law or by the clear application of

applicable standards of review.

¶16 Affirmed.

(A 041-/Ar4 04 3 Justice

We concur:

4 6 -(1— P Justi es